Nursing 4550 - CM 3- Exam 1 Questions With
Complete Solutions
2 functions of cholesterol Correct Answers 1.
Plasma membrane construction
2. Makes up steroid hormones and bile salts
3 functions of triglycerides Correct Answers 1.
Primary form of energy storage in the body
2. Insulate and protect
3. Aid in the absorption and transport of fat-soluble
vitamins
BNP is secreted in response to what? Correct
Answers ventricular stretching
BNP is trying to counteract what? Correct Answers
the effects of aldosterone and ADH
Estrogen ___ HDL and ____ LDL Correct Answers
increases, decreases
How do ROS cause damage? Correct Answers lipid
peroxidation of the cell membrane. The radical can
"steal" an electron from a membrane phospholipid
which leads to a chain reaction of electron stealing
and membrane damage
,How do we defend against ROS? Correct Answers
antioxidants such as vitamin A, C and E which
donate electrons to neutralize free radicals
How does cortisol "fuel" gluconeogenesis? Correct
Answers it promotes protein breakdown in muscle
tissue so the liver can take up the protein and turn
it into glucose
How does diabetes lead to hyperkalemia? Correct
Answers Hydrogen/potassium exchange systems
in the cells increase during acidosis which
increases the amount of intracellular hydrogen and
extracellular potassium
How does diabetes lead to ketoacidosis? Correct
Answers deficiency of insulin leads to the
metabolism of fat instead of glucose for energy.
The breakdown of fats leads to the production of
ketone bodies.
How does excess fat lead to meta-inflammation?
Correct Answers Adipose tissue secretes
inflammatory cytokines called adipokines that lead
to low grade inflammation
How does metformin work? Correct Answers It
decreases glucose production in the liver and
increases sensitivity to insulin
, How is congenital adrenal hyperplasia treated?
Correct Answers 1. Fluid and electrolyte
replacement
2. Lifelong steroids to maintain
mineralo/glucocorticoid levels
3. Counseling to aid with gender identity issues
How is cystic fibrosis diagnosed? Correct Answers
Sweat chloride test
How is metabolic syndrome diagnosed? Correct
Answers 3 of the following 5:
1) Elevated waist circumference >35 in women and
>40 in men
2) High TG >150
3) Low HDL <50 in women and <40 in men
4) High fasting blood glucose >100
5) High blood pressure > 130/85
How much cardiac output is lost in a fib? Correct
Answers 20-30%
In which of the following types of cardiomyopathy
does cardiac output remain normal? Correct
Answers Hypertrophic
List 4 functions of thyroid hormone Correct
Answers 1. increase the metabolic rate of cells
2. maturation of the nervous system
Complete Solutions
2 functions of cholesterol Correct Answers 1.
Plasma membrane construction
2. Makes up steroid hormones and bile salts
3 functions of triglycerides Correct Answers 1.
Primary form of energy storage in the body
2. Insulate and protect
3. Aid in the absorption and transport of fat-soluble
vitamins
BNP is secreted in response to what? Correct
Answers ventricular stretching
BNP is trying to counteract what? Correct Answers
the effects of aldosterone and ADH
Estrogen ___ HDL and ____ LDL Correct Answers
increases, decreases
How do ROS cause damage? Correct Answers lipid
peroxidation of the cell membrane. The radical can
"steal" an electron from a membrane phospholipid
which leads to a chain reaction of electron stealing
and membrane damage
,How do we defend against ROS? Correct Answers
antioxidants such as vitamin A, C and E which
donate electrons to neutralize free radicals
How does cortisol "fuel" gluconeogenesis? Correct
Answers it promotes protein breakdown in muscle
tissue so the liver can take up the protein and turn
it into glucose
How does diabetes lead to hyperkalemia? Correct
Answers Hydrogen/potassium exchange systems
in the cells increase during acidosis which
increases the amount of intracellular hydrogen and
extracellular potassium
How does diabetes lead to ketoacidosis? Correct
Answers deficiency of insulin leads to the
metabolism of fat instead of glucose for energy.
The breakdown of fats leads to the production of
ketone bodies.
How does excess fat lead to meta-inflammation?
Correct Answers Adipose tissue secretes
inflammatory cytokines called adipokines that lead
to low grade inflammation
How does metformin work? Correct Answers It
decreases glucose production in the liver and
increases sensitivity to insulin
, How is congenital adrenal hyperplasia treated?
Correct Answers 1. Fluid and electrolyte
replacement
2. Lifelong steroids to maintain
mineralo/glucocorticoid levels
3. Counseling to aid with gender identity issues
How is cystic fibrosis diagnosed? Correct Answers
Sweat chloride test
How is metabolic syndrome diagnosed? Correct
Answers 3 of the following 5:
1) Elevated waist circumference >35 in women and
>40 in men
2) High TG >150
3) Low HDL <50 in women and <40 in men
4) High fasting blood glucose >100
5) High blood pressure > 130/85
How much cardiac output is lost in a fib? Correct
Answers 20-30%
In which of the following types of cardiomyopathy
does cardiac output remain normal? Correct
Answers Hypertrophic
List 4 functions of thyroid hormone Correct
Answers 1. increase the metabolic rate of cells
2. maturation of the nervous system
