EKG TECHNICIAN STUDY GUIDE
EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025
Endocardium ( correct answers ) The innermost layer of the heart, it
forms the lining and folds back onto itself to form the four valves. It is
in this layer that the conduction system is found
Myocardium ( correct answers ) Muscular layer of the heart
Epicardium ( correct answers ) The outermost layer of the heart. It is
actually the inner layer of the pericardium
Right atrium ( correct answers ) Receives deoxygenated blood returning to
the heart from the body via the superior vena cav which carries blood
from the upper body and the inferior vena cava which carries blood from
the lower body.
Right ventricle ( correct answers ) Receives deoxygenated blood from the
right atrium which pumps to the lungs for oxygenation through the
pulmonary artery (trunk) to the right and left pulmonary arteries
Left atrium ( correct answers ) Receives oxygenated blood returning from
the lungs via the right and left pulmonary veins.
Left ventricle ( correct answers ) Receives the oxygenated blood
from the left atrium and pumps it to the body through the aorta, the
largest artery of the body.
The two semilunar valves ( correct answers ) Pulmonic valves and
aortic valves
Heart Sounds S1( correct answers ) First heart sound is due to the
closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
Heart Sounds S2 ( correct answers ) Second heart soudn is due to
closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves
Coronary arteries ( correct answers ) The arteries supplying the heart
with blood
Sympathetic Nervous System ( correct answers ) Affects both the
ventricles and atrium by increasing heart rate, conduction and irritability
Parasympathetic Nervous System ( correct answers ) Affects the
atria only by decreasing heart rate, conduction and irritability
, Automaticity ( correct answers ) This is the ability of the cardiac cells to
stimulate their own electrical impulse without being stimulated from
another source
Excitability ( correct answers ) Irritability, shared by all cardiac cells
and it the ability to respond to external stimulus; electrical, chemical
and mechanical
Conductivity ( correct answers ) This is the ability of all cardiac cellls to
receive and electrical stimulus adn transmit the stimulus ot the other
cardiac cells
Contractility ( correct answers ) This is the ability of the cardiac cells to
shorten and cause cardiac muscle contraction in response to an electrical
stimulus
SA node ( correct answers ) Primary pacemaker of the heart, instrinisc
rate of 60 - 100 beats per minute
AV node ( correct answers ) Located at the posterior septal wall of the
right atrium, just above the tricuspid valve. There is a 1/10th of a second
delay of electrical activity at this level to allow the blood to flow from the
atria to the ventricles. Intrinsic rate of 40- 60 beats per minute
Bundle of His ( correct answers ) Found at the superior portion of the
interventricular septum, it is the pathway that leads to the SA node.
Intrinsic rate 40- 60 beats per minute.
Bundle Branches ( correct answers ) Located at the interventricular
septum. The bundle of His divides into the right and left bundle branches.
The function is to conduct the electrical impulse to the purkinje fibers.
Purkinje Fibers ( correct answers ) Found within the ventricular
endocardium. Instrinsic rate is 20-40 beats per minute.
Unipolar Precordial Leads ( correct answers )
V1,V2,V3,V4,V5 and V6 25mm/sec ( correct answers ) The
normal running speed of the EKG 1 MV will produce a
deflection of ( correct answers ) 10mm
Waveform ( correct answers ) Refers to the movement away from the
isoelectric line either upward (positive) deflection or downward
(negative) deflection
Segment ( correct answers ) Line between two
waveforms Interval ( correct answers )
Waveform plus segment
EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025
Endocardium ( correct answers ) The innermost layer of the heart, it
forms the lining and folds back onto itself to form the four valves. It is
in this layer that the conduction system is found
Myocardium ( correct answers ) Muscular layer of the heart
Epicardium ( correct answers ) The outermost layer of the heart. It is
actually the inner layer of the pericardium
Right atrium ( correct answers ) Receives deoxygenated blood returning to
the heart from the body via the superior vena cav which carries blood
from the upper body and the inferior vena cava which carries blood from
the lower body.
Right ventricle ( correct answers ) Receives deoxygenated blood from the
right atrium which pumps to the lungs for oxygenation through the
pulmonary artery (trunk) to the right and left pulmonary arteries
Left atrium ( correct answers ) Receives oxygenated blood returning from
the lungs via the right and left pulmonary veins.
Left ventricle ( correct answers ) Receives the oxygenated blood
from the left atrium and pumps it to the body through the aorta, the
largest artery of the body.
The two semilunar valves ( correct answers ) Pulmonic valves and
aortic valves
Heart Sounds S1( correct answers ) First heart sound is due to the
closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
Heart Sounds S2 ( correct answers ) Second heart soudn is due to
closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves
Coronary arteries ( correct answers ) The arteries supplying the heart
with blood
Sympathetic Nervous System ( correct answers ) Affects both the
ventricles and atrium by increasing heart rate, conduction and irritability
Parasympathetic Nervous System ( correct answers ) Affects the
atria only by decreasing heart rate, conduction and irritability
, Automaticity ( correct answers ) This is the ability of the cardiac cells to
stimulate their own electrical impulse without being stimulated from
another source
Excitability ( correct answers ) Irritability, shared by all cardiac cells
and it the ability to respond to external stimulus; electrical, chemical
and mechanical
Conductivity ( correct answers ) This is the ability of all cardiac cellls to
receive and electrical stimulus adn transmit the stimulus ot the other
cardiac cells
Contractility ( correct answers ) This is the ability of the cardiac cells to
shorten and cause cardiac muscle contraction in response to an electrical
stimulus
SA node ( correct answers ) Primary pacemaker of the heart, instrinisc
rate of 60 - 100 beats per minute
AV node ( correct answers ) Located at the posterior septal wall of the
right atrium, just above the tricuspid valve. There is a 1/10th of a second
delay of electrical activity at this level to allow the blood to flow from the
atria to the ventricles. Intrinsic rate of 40- 60 beats per minute
Bundle of His ( correct answers ) Found at the superior portion of the
interventricular septum, it is the pathway that leads to the SA node.
Intrinsic rate 40- 60 beats per minute.
Bundle Branches ( correct answers ) Located at the interventricular
septum. The bundle of His divides into the right and left bundle branches.
The function is to conduct the electrical impulse to the purkinje fibers.
Purkinje Fibers ( correct answers ) Found within the ventricular
endocardium. Instrinsic rate is 20-40 beats per minute.
Unipolar Precordial Leads ( correct answers )
V1,V2,V3,V4,V5 and V6 25mm/sec ( correct answers ) The
normal running speed of the EKG 1 MV will produce a
deflection of ( correct answers ) 10mm
Waveform ( correct answers ) Refers to the movement away from the
isoelectric line either upward (positive) deflection or downward
(negative) deflection
Segment ( correct answers ) Line between two
waveforms Interval ( correct answers )
Waveform plus segment
