PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THEBIOLOGICBASISFORDISEASEINADULTSANDCHILDREN
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8thEdition
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KathrynL.McCance,SueE.Huether
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Contents
Chapter01:CellularBiology ............................................................................................................................4
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Chapter02:Altered Cellular andTissueBiology:Environmental Agents ...........................................................18
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Chapter03:TheCellularEnvironment: Fluids andElectrolytes, Acids andBases ................................................31
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Chapter04:GenesandGeneticDiseases ........................................................................................................44
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Chapter05:Genes, Environment-Lifestyle,and Common Diseases .................................................................55
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Chapter06:Epigenetics and Disease..............................................................................................................63
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Chapter07:InnateImmunity:InflammationandWoundHealing.....................................................................68
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Chapter08:Adaptive Immunity ....................................................................................................................83
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Chapter09:Alterationsin Immunity andInflammation...................................................................................95
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Chapter10:Infection..................................................................................................................................108
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Chapter11:StressandDisease ....................................................................................................................117
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Chapter12:CancerBiology .........................................................................................................................124
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Chapter13:CancerEpidemiology ...............................................................................................................137
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Chapter14:Cancerin Children ....................................................................................................................143
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Chapter15: Structure andFunction oftheNeurologicSystem .......................................................................148
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Chapter16:Pain,Temperature Regulation,Sleep, andSensory Function .......................................................159
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Chapter17:AlterationsinCognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function ........................174
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Chapter18:Disordersofthe CentralandPeripheral Nervous Systems andthe Neuromuscular Junction
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. ............................................................................................................................................................ 188
Chapter19:Neurobiologyof Schizophrenia,MoodDisorders,andAnxietyDisorders ......................................199
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Chapter 20: Alterations ofNeurologicFunction inChildren ...........................................................................206
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Chapter21:MechanismsofHormonalRegulation .......................................................................................213
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Chapter22:Alterations ofHormonalRegulation .........................................................................................222
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Chapter23:Obesity andDisordersofNutrition .............................................................................................234
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Chapter24: Structure andFunctionoftheReproductive Systems..................................................................239
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Chapter25:Alterationsofthe Female Reproductive System .........................................................................249
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Chapter26:Alterationsofthe Male Reproductive System .............................................................................259
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Chapter27:Sexually Transmitted Infections................................................................................................265
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Chapter28:Structure andFunction oftheHematologic System ....................................................................273
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Chapter29:AlterationsofErythrocytes,Platelets, andHemostatic Function .................................................283
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Chapter30:AlterationsofLeukocyte andLymphoidFunction........................................................................293
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Chapter31:AlterationsofHematologic Functionin Children .........................................................................300
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Chapter32:Structure andFunctionoftheCardiovascular andLymphatic Systems..........................................311
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Chapter33:AlterationsofCardiovascular Function......................................................................................324
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Chapter34:AlterationsofCardiovascular FunctioninChildren ......................................................................338
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Chapter35:StructureandFunctionofthePulmonary System ......................................................................346
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Chapter 36: Alterations ofPulmonary Function ...........................................................................................356
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Chapter 37:Alterations ofPulmonaryFunctioninChildren ...........................................................................373
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Chapter38:Structure andFunction oftheRenal andUrologic Systems ...........................................................381
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Chapter 39: Alterations ofRenal and UrinaryTract Function .........................................................................391
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Chapter40:AlterationsofRenalandUrinaryTractFunctionin Children ..........................................................401
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Chapter41:StructureandFunctionoftheDigestive System .........................................................................409
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Chapter42:AlterationsofDigestive Function ..............................................................................................421
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Chapter43:AlterationsofDigestive FunctioninChildren ..............................................................................432
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Chapter 44: Structure andFunctionoftheMusculoskeletal System ..............................................................441
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Chapter45:AlterationsofMusculoskeletal Function ...................................................................................453
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Chapter46:AlterationsofMusculoskeletal Functionin Children ...................................................................466
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Chapter47:Structure, Function, andDisordersoftheIntegument .................................................................475
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Chapter48:Alterationsofthe Integumentin Children ...................................................................................486
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Chapter49:Shock,MultipleOrganDysfunctionSyndrome, andBurnsinAdults ..............................................494
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Chapter50:Shock,MultipleOrganDysfunctionSyndrome, andBurnsin Children ...........................................502
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, TestBank-Pathophysiology:TheBiologicBasisforDiseaseinAdultsandChildren(8th)
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Chapter01:CellularBiology a
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1. Whichstatementbestdescribesthecellularfunctionofmetabolicabsorption?
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a. Cellscanproduceproteins. ka ka ka
b. Cellscansecretedigestiveenzymes. ka ka ka ka
c. Cellscantakeinandusenutrients. ka ka ka ka ka
d. Cellscansynthesizefats. ka ka ka
ANS: C k a
Inmetabolicabsorption,allcellstakeinandusenutrientsandothersubstancesfromtheir
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surroundings. Theremainingoptions arenot inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
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metabolicabsorption.
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2. Whereismostofacell’sgeneticinformation,includingRNAandDNA,contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
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Thenucleuscontainsthenucleolus,asmalldensestructurecomposedlargelyofRNA,mostoft he cellular
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DNA,andtheDNA-bindingproteins,suchasthehistones,whichregulateits activity.
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The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and energyproduction.
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k Ribosomes’chieffunctionistoprovidesitesforcellularproteinsynthesis.Lysosomesfunctionas the
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intracellulardigestive system.
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3. Whichcomponentofthecellproduceshydrogenperoxide(H2O2)byusingoxygento
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ka removehydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction? ka ka ka ka ka ka ka ka
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B k a