TEST BANK
CHEMISTRY
STEVEN S. ZUMDAHL & SUSAN A. ZUMDAHL
9th Edition
TEST BANK
,Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations
1. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
A) The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
B) Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2.
C) The liquid in beaker A is blue.
D) The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
E) At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
2. A quantitative observation
A) contains a number and a unit
B) does not contain a number
C) always makes a comparison
D) must be obtained through experimentation
E) is none of these
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
3. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
4. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those
materials” is called a(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
5. A chemical theory that has been known for a long time becomes a law.
, ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
6. Which of the following metric relationships is incorrect?
A) 1 microliter = 10–6 liters
B) 1 gram = 103 kilograms
C) 103 milliliters = 1 liter
D) 1 gram = 102 centigrams
E) 10 decimeters = 1 meter
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Quantitative
7. For which pair is the SI prefix not matched correctly with its meaning?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
8. A metric unit for length is
A) gram
B) milliliter
C) yard
D) kilometer
E) pound
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
MSC: Conceptual
9. Which of the following is not a unit in the SI system?
A) ampere
B) candela
C) Kelvin
D) meter
E) calorie
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
MSC: Conceptual
10. Order the four metric prefixes from smallest to largest.
, A) nano- < milli- < centi- < kilo-
B) milli- < nano- < centi- < kilo-
C) kilo- < centi- < nano- < milli-
D) kilo- < centi- < milli- < nano-
E) centi- < nano- < kilo- < milli-
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
11. 8.1 kilogram(s) contains this many grams.
A) 8.1 102
B) 8.1 103
C) 81
D) 0.81
E) 8.1 10−3
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | mass
MSC: Conceptual
12. Convert 0.3980 m to mm.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
13. 6.1 seconds contain this many picoseconds.
A) 6.1 1012
B) 6.1 10−12
C) 6.1 10−9
D) 6.1 109
E) 6.1 1015
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
14. 9.49 seconds contain this many nanoseconds.
A) 9.49 107
B) 9.49 109
C) 9.49 10
12
D) 9.49 1010
E) 9.49 108
, ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
15. The distance of 21 km equals
A) m
B) m
C) m
D) m
E) m
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
16. What is the measure of resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion?
A) mass
B) weight
C) volume
D) length
E) none of these
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
17. The degree of agreement among several measurements of the same quantity is called
. It reflects the reproducibility of a given type of measurement.
A) accuracy
B) error
C) precision
D) significance
E) certainty
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
18. As part of the calibration of a new laboratory balance, a 1.000-g mass is weighed with the
following results:
Trial Mass
1 1.201 0.001
2 1.202 0.001
3 1.200 0.001
The balance is:
A) Both accurate and precise.
B) Accurate but imprecise.
C) Precise but inaccurate.
D) Both inaccurate and imprecise.
E) Accuracy and precision are impossible to determine with the available information.
, ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
Consider the following three archery targets:
I. II. III.
19. Which of the following figure(s) represent a result having high precision?
A) Figure I only
B) Figure II only
C) Figure III only
D) Figure I and Figure II
E) Figure II and Figure III
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
20. Which of the following statements concerning these figures is correct?
A) Figure I represents systematic error and Figure II represents random error.
B) Figure I represents random error and Figure II represents systematic error.
C) Figure I and Figure II represent random error.
D) Figure I and Figure II represent systematic error.
E) Figure III represents no errors.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
21. Which of the following is the least probable concerning five measurements taken in the lab?
A) The measurements are accurate and precise.
B) The measurements are accurate but not precise.
C) The measurements are precise but not accurate.
D) The measurements are neither accurate nor precise.
E) All of these are equally probable.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
, 22. You fmeasure fwater fin ftwo fcontainers: fa f10-mL fgraduated fcylinder fwith fmarks fat
fevery fmL, fand fa f1-mL fpipet f marked fat fevery f0.1 fmL. fIf fyou fhave fsome fwater fin
feach fof fthe fcontainers f and fadd fthem ftogether, fto fwhat fdecimal fplace fcould f you
freport fthe ftotal f volume fof fwater?
A) 0.01 fmL
B) 0.1 fmL
C) 1 fmL
D) 10 fmL
E) none fof
fthese
ANS: f f B DIF: Moderate REF: 1.4
KEY: f Chemistry f| fgeneral fchemistry f| fgeneral fconcepts f| fmeasurement f| fsignificant
f figures fMSC: f Conceptual
23. The fagreement fof fa fparticular fvalue fwith fthe ftrue fvalue f is fcalled
A) accuracy
B) error
C) precision
D) significance
E) certainty
ANS: f f A DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: f Chemistry f| fgeneral fchemistry f| fgeneral fconcepts f| fmeasurement
fMSC: fConceptual
24. The famount fof funcertainty fin fa f measured fquantity fis fdetermined fby:
A) both fthe fskill fof fthe fobserver fand fthe f limitations fof fthe fmeasuring
f instrument
B) neither fthe fskill fof fthe fobserver fnor fthe flimitations fof fthe fmeasuring
f instrument
C) the flimitations fof fthe fmeasuring finstrument fonly
D) the fskill fof fthe fobserver fonly
E) none fof fthese
ANS: f f A DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: f Chemistry f| fgeneral fchemistry f| fgeneral fconcepts f| fmeasurement
fMSC: fConceptual
25. A fscientist fobtains fthe fnumber f0.045006700 fon fa fcalculator. fIf fthis fnumber factually fhas ffour
(4) fsignificant ffigures, fhow fshould fit fbe fwritten?
A) 0.4567
B) 0.4501
C) 0.0450
D) 0.04500
E) 0.04501
ANS: f f E DIF: Easy REF: 1.5
KEY: f Chemistry f| fgeneral fchemistry f| fgeneral fconcepts f| fmeasurement f| fsignificant
f figures f| frounding MSC: fConceptual
CHEMISTRY
STEVEN S. ZUMDAHL & SUSAN A. ZUMDAHL
9th Edition
TEST BANK
,Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations
1. Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
A) The piece of metal is longer than the piece of wood.
B) Solution 1 is much darker than solution 2.
C) The liquid in beaker A is blue.
D) The temperature of the liquid is 60°C.
E) At least two of the above (A-D) are quantitative observations.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
2. A quantitative observation
A) contains a number and a unit
B) does not contain a number
C) always makes a comparison
D) must be obtained through experimentation
E) is none of these
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
3. Generally, observed behavior that can be formulated into a statement, sometimes
mathematical in nature, is called a(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
4. The statement “The total mass of materials is not affected by a chemical change in those
materials” is called a(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) natural law
E) experiment
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
5. A chemical theory that has been known for a long time becomes a law.
, ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | scientific method
MSC: Conceptual
6. Which of the following metric relationships is incorrect?
A) 1 microliter = 10–6 liters
B) 1 gram = 103 kilograms
C) 103 milliliters = 1 liter
D) 1 gram = 102 centigrams
E) 10 decimeters = 1 meter
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Quantitative
7. For which pair is the SI prefix not matched correctly with its meaning?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
8. A metric unit for length is
A) gram
B) milliliter
C) yard
D) kilometer
E) pound
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
MSC: Conceptual
9. Which of the following is not a unit in the SI system?
A) ampere
B) candela
C) Kelvin
D) meter
E) calorie
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | base unit
MSC: Conceptual
10. Order the four metric prefixes from smallest to largest.
, A) nano- < milli- < centi- < kilo-
B) milli- < nano- < centi- < kilo-
C) kilo- < centi- < nano- < milli-
D) kilo- < centi- < milli- < nano-
E) centi- < nano- < kilo- < milli-
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
11. 8.1 kilogram(s) contains this many grams.
A) 8.1 102
B) 8.1 103
C) 81
D) 0.81
E) 8.1 10−3
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | mass
MSC: Conceptual
12. Convert 0.3980 m to mm.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
13. 6.1 seconds contain this many picoseconds.
A) 6.1 1012
B) 6.1 10−12
C) 6.1 10−9
D) 6.1 109
E) 6.1 1015
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
14. 9.49 seconds contain this many nanoseconds.
A) 9.49 107
B) 9.49 109
C) 9.49 10
12
D) 9.49 1010
E) 9.49 108
, ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
15. The distance of 21 km equals
A) m
B) m
C) m
D) m
E) m
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement | SI unit | prefixes
MSC: Conceptual
16. What is the measure of resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion?
A) mass
B) weight
C) volume
D) length
E) none of these
ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
17. The degree of agreement among several measurements of the same quantity is called
. It reflects the reproducibility of a given type of measurement.
A) accuracy
B) error
C) precision
D) significance
E) certainty
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
18. As part of the calibration of a new laboratory balance, a 1.000-g mass is weighed with the
following results:
Trial Mass
1 1.201 0.001
2 1.202 0.001
3 1.200 0.001
The balance is:
A) Both accurate and precise.
B) Accurate but imprecise.
C) Precise but inaccurate.
D) Both inaccurate and imprecise.
E) Accuracy and precision are impossible to determine with the available information.
, ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
Consider the following three archery targets:
I. II. III.
19. Which of the following figure(s) represent a result having high precision?
A) Figure I only
B) Figure II only
C) Figure III only
D) Figure I and Figure II
E) Figure II and Figure III
ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
20. Which of the following statements concerning these figures is correct?
A) Figure I represents systematic error and Figure II represents random error.
B) Figure I represents random error and Figure II represents systematic error.
C) Figure I and Figure II represent random error.
D) Figure I and Figure II represent systematic error.
E) Figure III represents no errors.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
21. Which of the following is the least probable concerning five measurements taken in the lab?
A) The measurements are accurate and precise.
B) The measurements are accurate but not precise.
C) The measurements are precise but not accurate.
D) The measurements are neither accurate nor precise.
E) All of these are equally probable.
ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: Chemistry | general chemistry | general concepts | measurement
MSC: Conceptual
, 22. You fmeasure fwater fin ftwo fcontainers: fa f10-mL fgraduated fcylinder fwith fmarks fat
fevery fmL, fand fa f1-mL fpipet f marked fat fevery f0.1 fmL. fIf fyou fhave fsome fwater fin
feach fof fthe fcontainers f and fadd fthem ftogether, fto fwhat fdecimal fplace fcould f you
freport fthe ftotal f volume fof fwater?
A) 0.01 fmL
B) 0.1 fmL
C) 1 fmL
D) 10 fmL
E) none fof
fthese
ANS: f f B DIF: Moderate REF: 1.4
KEY: f Chemistry f| fgeneral fchemistry f| fgeneral fconcepts f| fmeasurement f| fsignificant
f figures fMSC: f Conceptual
23. The fagreement fof fa fparticular fvalue fwith fthe ftrue fvalue f is fcalled
A) accuracy
B) error
C) precision
D) significance
E) certainty
ANS: f f A DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: f Chemistry f| fgeneral fchemistry f| fgeneral fconcepts f| fmeasurement
fMSC: fConceptual
24. The famount fof funcertainty fin fa f measured fquantity fis fdetermined fby:
A) both fthe fskill fof fthe fobserver fand fthe f limitations fof fthe fmeasuring
f instrument
B) neither fthe fskill fof fthe fobserver fnor fthe flimitations fof fthe fmeasuring
f instrument
C) the flimitations fof fthe fmeasuring finstrument fonly
D) the fskill fof fthe fobserver fonly
E) none fof fthese
ANS: f f A DIF: Easy REF: 1.4
KEY: f Chemistry f| fgeneral fchemistry f| fgeneral fconcepts f| fmeasurement
fMSC: fConceptual
25. A fscientist fobtains fthe fnumber f0.045006700 fon fa fcalculator. fIf fthis fnumber factually fhas ffour
(4) fsignificant ffigures, fhow fshould fit fbe fwritten?
A) 0.4567
B) 0.4501
C) 0.0450
D) 0.04500
E) 0.04501
ANS: f f E DIF: Easy REF: 1.5
KEY: f Chemistry f| fgeneral fchemistry f| fgeneral fconcepts f| fmeasurement f| fsignificant
f figures f| frounding MSC: fConceptual
