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Absorption - ✔✔The uptake of nutrients across a tissue or membrane by
the GI tract
Abstinence violation effect - ✔✔The tendency to perceive lapses as
indicators that one is no longer in a behavior-change program, and thus a
rationalization for discontinuing one's behavior change efforts
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) - ✔✔The range of
intake for a particular energy source that is associated with reduced risk of
chronic disease while providing intakes of essential nutrients.
Act of Commision - ✔✔A form of negligence in which an individual acts
inappropriately.
Act of God - ✔✔An unforeseeable and uncontrollable occurrence, such as
an earthquake or flash flood, that may cause injury.
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,Act of Omission - ✔✔A form of negligence in which an individual fails to
act appropriately.
Active Isolated Stretching (AIS) - ✔✔A stretching technique modeled after
traditional strength-training workouts. Stretches are held very briefly in
sets of a specific number of reps, with a goal of isolating an individual
muscle in each set.
Active Listening - ✔✔Mode of listening in which the listener is concerned
about the content, intent, and feelings of the message.
Acute - ✔✔Descriptive of a condition that usually has a rapid onset and a
relatively short and severe course, opposite of chronic.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - ✔✔A high-energy phosphate molecule
required to provide energy for cellular function. Produced both aerobically
and anaerobically and stored in the body.
Adequate Intake (AI) - ✔✔A recommended nutrient intake level that,
based on research, appears to but sufficient for good health.
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,Adherence - ✔✔The extent to which people follow their plans or treatment
recommendations. Exercise adherence is the extent to which people follow
an exercise plan.
Adipocyte - ✔✔A fat cell
Adipose - ✔✔Fat cells stored in fatty tissue in the body.
Adiposity - ✔✔The state of being fat, fatness, obesity
Adulterated - ✔✔A supplement is considered adulterated if it, or one of its
ingredients, presents a "significant or unreasonable risk of injury" when
used as directed, or under normal circumstances.
aerobic - ✔✔in the presence of oxygen
agonist - ✔✔the muscle directly responsible for observed movements, also
called the prime mover
agreement to participate - ✔✔signed document that indicates that the client
is aware of inherent risks and potential injuries that can occur from
participation
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, Air displacement plethysmography (ADP) - ✔✔a body composition
assessment technique based on the same body volume measurement
principle as hydrostatic weighing; uses air instead of water
Allergen - ✔✔a substance that can cause an allergic reaction by stimulating
type-1 hypersensitivity in atopic individuals
American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) -
✔✔one of two performing rights societies in the USA that represent music
publishers in negotiating and collecting fees for the nondramatic
performance of music
Amino acids - ✔✔nitrogen containing compounds that are the building
blocks of protein
Anabolism - ✔✔a state in which the body produces more protein that it
breaks down; occurs in times of growth, such as childhood, pregnancy,
recovery from illness, and in response to resistance training when
overloading the muscles promotes protein synthesis
Anaerobic - ✔✔without the presence of oxygen
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