Sarah Michelle Review
Acne - ANS--First line treatment: topical peroxide wash/ cream or clindamycin
-Second line treatment: oral antibiotics like doxycycline
-Third line: accutane from dermatology
-Educate to avoid sun and wear sunscreen
\Actinic keratosis - ANS--Dry, scaly lesions on sun exposed areas (may be pink, yellow, tan,
pale, or brown
-Treat with topical 5-FU or cryotherapy
-Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
\Acute angle-closure glaucoma - ANS--Sudden onset severe pain, blurry vision, firm to the
touch (tonometry) with increased ICP
-Refer to ED as this can lead to permanent vision loss
\Aging concerns of the eye - ANS--Cataracts: difficulty driving at night with white reflex
-Macular degeneration: Central vision loss- typically need larger print
-Common exam finding: bilateral leukocoria- white reflex
\Agnosia - ANS-Not recognizing familiar faces or objects
\Allergic conjunctivitis - ANS--Serous/ watery drainage or stringy/ ropey
-Starts bilaterally
-May have lymphadenopathy in the cervical chain
\Alzheimer's Disease - ANS--Goal to slow progression
-Apraxia, agnosia, aphasia
-Use mini mental status exam
\Animal bites - ANS--Treat with Augmentin
-Do not suture as high risk for infection
\Anthrax - ANS--Typically seen in cattle farmers
-Ulcerated, black, painless lesions
-If no systemic involvement, treat with fluoroquinolone (Cipro)
-Can also treat with tetracycline
\Aphasia - ANS-Inability to recognize reading, writing, communication
\Aphthous Stomatitis - ANS-Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers; canker sores.
\Apraxia - ANS-Inability to carry out movements or gestures that were familiar
\Atopic dermatitis (Eczema) - ANS--Scratch, itch, scratch cycle typically in flexor surfaces
-Treat with emollients & topical steroids
-REMEMBER 3 A's: Atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergies
\Atypical antipsychotics - ANS--Consider weight gain and HLD for zyprexa or seroquel
-Monitor glucose and lipid profile
\Auspitz sign (psoriasis) - ANS-pinpoint bleeding from exposure of dermal papillae when scales
scraped off
\AV nicking - ANS-Artery crosses vein and causes it to bulge
-Typically caused by hypertensive retinopathy
\Bacterial conjunctivitis - ANS--Purulent drainage
, -Spreads from one eye to the other
-Pink eye is called adenoviral conjunctivitis
\Basal cell carcinoma - ANS--Most common type of skin cancer
-Shiny, waxy, pearly lesions with telangiectasias (visible blood vessels on lesion)
-Biopsy lesion and refer to dermatology for removal
\Bell Palsy (CN VII- Facial) - ANS--Affects facial expressions
-Treat with eye lubricant to prevent corneal abrasions
\Bipolar disorder - ANS--Phases of mania, racing thoughts flips to low mood
-Treated with lithium (narrow therapeutic range- n/v, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, confusion,
vision changes)
-Monitor thyroid with long term use of lithium
\Blot hermorrhages - ANS-Dense, dark red, sharply outlined hemorrhages in retina
\Brown Recluse Spider Bite - ANS--Typically patient notices once tender and deep purple in
appearance
-Possible white halo surrounding with systemic symptoms
-Symptom management and antibacterial ointment
\Cafe Au Lait spots - ANS--Hyperpigmentation not typically treated
-If more than 8 spots, this may indicate neurofibromatosis
\Cellulitis - ANS--If purulent: Bactrim, Clindamycin, Doxycycline
-If non-purulent: Keflex or penicillin
\Chalazion - ANS-Blockage of the duct
\Cholesterol concerns with eyes - ANS--Arcus senilis: gray halo
-Xanthelasma: cholesterol deposits on eyes
-If seen in younger patient, run lipid panel (typically familial)
-Typically benign in older adults
\Chronic Ulcerative Stomatitis (CUS) - ANS--Autoimmune condition with larger legions and
numerous caused by lichen planus
-Takes weeks to months to resolve
-Resistant to topical steroids
-Treat with hydroxychloroquine
\Cluster headache - ANS--Unilateral, tearing/ runny nose, occurs at the same time every day
-Treat with 100% O2 & calcium channel blockers
\Conductive hearing loss - ANS--Lateralizes to bad ear; can see the issue
-Causes: cholesteatoma, cerumen impaction
\Contact dermatitis - ANS--Localized/ linear reaction
-Educate to avoid triggers
-Treat with topical steroids
\Copper wire arteries - ANS-seen on fundoscopic exam, arteries appear red or copper colored
in nature, usually due to hypertension
\Corneal abrasion - ANS--Common with Bell's Palsy
-Diagnosed with fluorescein staining
\Cotton wool spots - ANS--White to yellow fluffy patches seen on the retina due to ischemia
-Typically due to DM retinopathy
\Cranial nerves related to the eye - ANS--CN II: Optic- visual acuity
Acne - ANS--First line treatment: topical peroxide wash/ cream or clindamycin
-Second line treatment: oral antibiotics like doxycycline
-Third line: accutane from dermatology
-Educate to avoid sun and wear sunscreen
\Actinic keratosis - ANS--Dry, scaly lesions on sun exposed areas (may be pink, yellow, tan,
pale, or brown
-Treat with topical 5-FU or cryotherapy
-Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
\Acute angle-closure glaucoma - ANS--Sudden onset severe pain, blurry vision, firm to the
touch (tonometry) with increased ICP
-Refer to ED as this can lead to permanent vision loss
\Aging concerns of the eye - ANS--Cataracts: difficulty driving at night with white reflex
-Macular degeneration: Central vision loss- typically need larger print
-Common exam finding: bilateral leukocoria- white reflex
\Agnosia - ANS-Not recognizing familiar faces or objects
\Allergic conjunctivitis - ANS--Serous/ watery drainage or stringy/ ropey
-Starts bilaterally
-May have lymphadenopathy in the cervical chain
\Alzheimer's Disease - ANS--Goal to slow progression
-Apraxia, agnosia, aphasia
-Use mini mental status exam
\Animal bites - ANS--Treat with Augmentin
-Do not suture as high risk for infection
\Anthrax - ANS--Typically seen in cattle farmers
-Ulcerated, black, painless lesions
-If no systemic involvement, treat with fluoroquinolone (Cipro)
-Can also treat with tetracycline
\Aphasia - ANS-Inability to recognize reading, writing, communication
\Aphthous Stomatitis - ANS-Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers; canker sores.
\Apraxia - ANS-Inability to carry out movements or gestures that were familiar
\Atopic dermatitis (Eczema) - ANS--Scratch, itch, scratch cycle typically in flexor surfaces
-Treat with emollients & topical steroids
-REMEMBER 3 A's: Atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergies
\Atypical antipsychotics - ANS--Consider weight gain and HLD for zyprexa or seroquel
-Monitor glucose and lipid profile
\Auspitz sign (psoriasis) - ANS-pinpoint bleeding from exposure of dermal papillae when scales
scraped off
\AV nicking - ANS-Artery crosses vein and causes it to bulge
-Typically caused by hypertensive retinopathy
\Bacterial conjunctivitis - ANS--Purulent drainage
, -Spreads from one eye to the other
-Pink eye is called adenoviral conjunctivitis
\Basal cell carcinoma - ANS--Most common type of skin cancer
-Shiny, waxy, pearly lesions with telangiectasias (visible blood vessels on lesion)
-Biopsy lesion and refer to dermatology for removal
\Bell Palsy (CN VII- Facial) - ANS--Affects facial expressions
-Treat with eye lubricant to prevent corneal abrasions
\Bipolar disorder - ANS--Phases of mania, racing thoughts flips to low mood
-Treated with lithium (narrow therapeutic range- n/v, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, confusion,
vision changes)
-Monitor thyroid with long term use of lithium
\Blot hermorrhages - ANS-Dense, dark red, sharply outlined hemorrhages in retina
\Brown Recluse Spider Bite - ANS--Typically patient notices once tender and deep purple in
appearance
-Possible white halo surrounding with systemic symptoms
-Symptom management and antibacterial ointment
\Cafe Au Lait spots - ANS--Hyperpigmentation not typically treated
-If more than 8 spots, this may indicate neurofibromatosis
\Cellulitis - ANS--If purulent: Bactrim, Clindamycin, Doxycycline
-If non-purulent: Keflex or penicillin
\Chalazion - ANS-Blockage of the duct
\Cholesterol concerns with eyes - ANS--Arcus senilis: gray halo
-Xanthelasma: cholesterol deposits on eyes
-If seen in younger patient, run lipid panel (typically familial)
-Typically benign in older adults
\Chronic Ulcerative Stomatitis (CUS) - ANS--Autoimmune condition with larger legions and
numerous caused by lichen planus
-Takes weeks to months to resolve
-Resistant to topical steroids
-Treat with hydroxychloroquine
\Cluster headache - ANS--Unilateral, tearing/ runny nose, occurs at the same time every day
-Treat with 100% O2 & calcium channel blockers
\Conductive hearing loss - ANS--Lateralizes to bad ear; can see the issue
-Causes: cholesteatoma, cerumen impaction
\Contact dermatitis - ANS--Localized/ linear reaction
-Educate to avoid triggers
-Treat with topical steroids
\Copper wire arteries - ANS-seen on fundoscopic exam, arteries appear red or copper colored
in nature, usually due to hypertension
\Corneal abrasion - ANS--Common with Bell's Palsy
-Diagnosed with fluorescein staining
\Cotton wool spots - ANS--White to yellow fluffy patches seen on the retina due to ischemia
-Typically due to DM retinopathy
\Cranial nerves related to the eye - ANS--CN II: Optic- visual acuity
