ADULT HEALTH NR 325 LATEST
EXAM 1 2025 QUESTIONS WITH
100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS-
GRADED A+
,What is the range of normal blood sugar?
70-100 mg/dL
What is the purpose of giving basal insulin?
to regulate blood glucose levels on a consistent basis
What are the 3 P's of Diabetes?
Polydipsia
Polyuria
Polyphagia
Why is polyuria seen in diabetes?
because your body is trying to get rid of the extra glucose
Why is polydipsia seen in diabetes?
because your body thinks its dehydrated from all the urination
Why is polyphagia seen in diabetes?
polyphagia means super hungry
People with diabetes are super hungry because there is no glucose being let into the cells (which is what
is needed to create energy/ATP) This makes the body think that it needs more glucose
What are some signs that a person is experiencing diabetic keto acidosis?
-kussmaul respirations- rapidly blowing off excess CO2
-altered LOC (may seem intoxicated)
-increased potassium (because H+ is going into the cell, forcing potassium out of the cell)
- the 3 P's
- sweet fruity smelling breath
What would be the first thing you would do for someone who is experiencing DKA? Then what would
you do?
First give fluids (isotonic- NS 0.9%NaCl)
Then, give regular insulin by IV.
*Note that Regular insulin is the ONLY insulin that can be given by IV
What kind of compensation does the body do when someone is experiencing DKA? why?
they compensate via their respiratory system (deep, rapid respirations) because when they are
experiencing DKA they are in metabolic acidosis.
*This compensation occurs rapidly but, is not extremely effective and a therapeutic approach is needed
to help the problem
, What is metformin used for? what is its MOA?
It is used in diabetes and it decreases hepatic glucose creation and increases insulin sensitivity
What should be tried before metformin therapy?
lifestyle changes
What makes insulin?
beta cells in the pancreas
Stage 1 of DM Type I is AKA ____________________
How long does this stage last?
honeymoon period lasts 3-12 months after diagnosis
It is known as the honeymoon period because only a small amount of insulin is needed because their are
still beta cells creating insulin
What are the 3 stages of Type I DM for?
They stand for beta cell decline, meaning the more beta cells that are ruined, the less insulin is being
produced and then the more insulin is needed via medication.
If an individuals A1C is between 5.7%-6.4% they are in what category of diabetes?
Pre-diabetes because this is elevated but not high enough to be labeled diabetes
What does A1C measure?
amount of glucose on hemoglobin in the blood
What range of 2 Hr GTT (2-hour glucose tolerance test) is considered pre-diabetic?
140-199 mg/dL because this is elevated but not high enough to be labeled diabetes
What range of intermittent fasting glucose is pre-diabetic?
100-125 mg/dL
What are the ranges for A1C, fasting blood glucose, random blood glucose and 2 Hr GTT for someone
with Type II DM?
A1C- > 6.4
FBG- >/= 126 mg/dL
random BG- > 200 mg/dL
2 Hr GTT- >/= 200 mg/dL
Why is high fructose corn syrup bad?
it tricks the brain because our body cannot process it, which makes you crave more sugar and causes
weight gain
EXAM 1 2025 QUESTIONS WITH
100% VERIFIED SOLUTIONS-
GRADED A+
,What is the range of normal blood sugar?
70-100 mg/dL
What is the purpose of giving basal insulin?
to regulate blood glucose levels on a consistent basis
What are the 3 P's of Diabetes?
Polydipsia
Polyuria
Polyphagia
Why is polyuria seen in diabetes?
because your body is trying to get rid of the extra glucose
Why is polydipsia seen in diabetes?
because your body thinks its dehydrated from all the urination
Why is polyphagia seen in diabetes?
polyphagia means super hungry
People with diabetes are super hungry because there is no glucose being let into the cells (which is what
is needed to create energy/ATP) This makes the body think that it needs more glucose
What are some signs that a person is experiencing diabetic keto acidosis?
-kussmaul respirations- rapidly blowing off excess CO2
-altered LOC (may seem intoxicated)
-increased potassium (because H+ is going into the cell, forcing potassium out of the cell)
- the 3 P's
- sweet fruity smelling breath
What would be the first thing you would do for someone who is experiencing DKA? Then what would
you do?
First give fluids (isotonic- NS 0.9%NaCl)
Then, give regular insulin by IV.
*Note that Regular insulin is the ONLY insulin that can be given by IV
What kind of compensation does the body do when someone is experiencing DKA? why?
they compensate via their respiratory system (deep, rapid respirations) because when they are
experiencing DKA they are in metabolic acidosis.
*This compensation occurs rapidly but, is not extremely effective and a therapeutic approach is needed
to help the problem
, What is metformin used for? what is its MOA?
It is used in diabetes and it decreases hepatic glucose creation and increases insulin sensitivity
What should be tried before metformin therapy?
lifestyle changes
What makes insulin?
beta cells in the pancreas
Stage 1 of DM Type I is AKA ____________________
How long does this stage last?
honeymoon period lasts 3-12 months after diagnosis
It is known as the honeymoon period because only a small amount of insulin is needed because their are
still beta cells creating insulin
What are the 3 stages of Type I DM for?
They stand for beta cell decline, meaning the more beta cells that are ruined, the less insulin is being
produced and then the more insulin is needed via medication.
If an individuals A1C is between 5.7%-6.4% they are in what category of diabetes?
Pre-diabetes because this is elevated but not high enough to be labeled diabetes
What does A1C measure?
amount of glucose on hemoglobin in the blood
What range of 2 Hr GTT (2-hour glucose tolerance test) is considered pre-diabetic?
140-199 mg/dL because this is elevated but not high enough to be labeled diabetes
What range of intermittent fasting glucose is pre-diabetic?
100-125 mg/dL
What are the ranges for A1C, fasting blood glucose, random blood glucose and 2 Hr GTT for someone
with Type II DM?
A1C- > 6.4
FBG- >/= 126 mg/dL
random BG- > 200 mg/dL
2 Hr GTT- >/= 200 mg/dL
Why is high fructose corn syrup bad?
it tricks the brain because our body cannot process it, which makes you crave more sugar and causes
weight gain
