Pharmacology Bowel Disorder Drugs Interactions Adverse effects
Chapter 51 With Complete Solutions!!
A patient has been prepared for a colonoscopy. The nurse expects which laxative to be
used as preparation for this procedure?
A. Methylcellulose
B. Docusate sodium
C. Polyethylene Glycol
D. Glycerin - ANSWER>>C. Polyethylene Glycol (Miralax)
Categories of antidiarrheals - ANSWER>>Adsorbents
Anticholinergics
Opiates
Probiotics
Miscellaneous used to treat IBS with diarrhea
Anti-diarrheals- Adsorbents - ANSWER>>Coats the wall of the GI tract. Binds to the
causative bacteria or toxin. The toxin/bacteria is then eliminated through the stool.
*Examples-*
Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)
Activated charcoal
Aluminum hydroxide
Adverse effects and interactions with Adsorbents - ANSWER>>*Adverse effects*-
Constipation, dark stools, confusion, hearing loss, metallic taste, tinnitus.
*Interactions*-
, - Reduces the action of many drugs by forming chemical complexes and thereby
reducing their absorption. Ex- Digoxin, hypoglycemic drugs, quinidine.
- Prolongs bleeding time when given along with warfarin b/c it binds to vitamin K.
Antidiarrheals- Anticholinergics - ANSWER>>Reduces motility. Reduces intestinal
muscle tone and peristalsis. Reduces gastric secretions.
*Interactions*- Increased anticholinergic effect when given along with tricyclic
antidepressants, opiates, MAOIs, antihistamines.
*Example-* Belladonna alkaloids
Adverse effects of Anticholinergics - ANSWER>>Urinary retention
Blurred vision
Constipation
Dry mouth
Hypotension, bradycardia
Impotence
Dizziness, headache, drowsiness
Antidiarrheals- Opiates - ANSWER>>Decrease GI motility. Decrease transit time
though the GI tract (giving more time for electrolytes and water to be absorbed). Relieve
rectal spasms and pain.
*Examples*-
- Paregoric
- Codeine
- Loperamide (Imodium)
- Diphenoxylate (Lomotil)
Adverse effects and interactions with Opiates - ANSWER>>*Adverse effects*-
Drowsiness, N/V, respiratory depression, flushing, hypotension, some anticholinergic
Chapter 51 With Complete Solutions!!
A patient has been prepared for a colonoscopy. The nurse expects which laxative to be
used as preparation for this procedure?
A. Methylcellulose
B. Docusate sodium
C. Polyethylene Glycol
D. Glycerin - ANSWER>>C. Polyethylene Glycol (Miralax)
Categories of antidiarrheals - ANSWER>>Adsorbents
Anticholinergics
Opiates
Probiotics
Miscellaneous used to treat IBS with diarrhea
Anti-diarrheals- Adsorbents - ANSWER>>Coats the wall of the GI tract. Binds to the
causative bacteria or toxin. The toxin/bacteria is then eliminated through the stool.
*Examples-*
Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)
Activated charcoal
Aluminum hydroxide
Adverse effects and interactions with Adsorbents - ANSWER>>*Adverse effects*-
Constipation, dark stools, confusion, hearing loss, metallic taste, tinnitus.
*Interactions*-
, - Reduces the action of many drugs by forming chemical complexes and thereby
reducing their absorption. Ex- Digoxin, hypoglycemic drugs, quinidine.
- Prolongs bleeding time when given along with warfarin b/c it binds to vitamin K.
Antidiarrheals- Anticholinergics - ANSWER>>Reduces motility. Reduces intestinal
muscle tone and peristalsis. Reduces gastric secretions.
*Interactions*- Increased anticholinergic effect when given along with tricyclic
antidepressants, opiates, MAOIs, antihistamines.
*Example-* Belladonna alkaloids
Adverse effects of Anticholinergics - ANSWER>>Urinary retention
Blurred vision
Constipation
Dry mouth
Hypotension, bradycardia
Impotence
Dizziness, headache, drowsiness
Antidiarrheals- Opiates - ANSWER>>Decrease GI motility. Decrease transit time
though the GI tract (giving more time for electrolytes and water to be absorbed). Relieve
rectal spasms and pain.
*Examples*-
- Paregoric
- Codeine
- Loperamide (Imodium)
- Diphenoxylate (Lomotil)
Adverse effects and interactions with Opiates - ANSWER>>*Adverse effects*-
Drowsiness, N/V, respiratory depression, flushing, hypotension, some anticholinergic
