WGU C785 Final Exam
Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does
not. What is the outcome for their kids? - CORRECT
ANSWER His daughters would be carriers. This is x-link
recessive.
Hydrophobic amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Come
together in middle to strengthen core
2. Contains carbons and hydrogens (CH, CH2, CH3) in R
group
3. AWAY from water
4. Contribute to tertiary protein structure
5. Non polar (inside the cell)
6. Protein aggregation d/t hydrophobic interactions
7. Weak interactions affected by change in temp.
Polar amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Contain
oxygen and nitrogen (Oh, NH, Nh2) in R group
2. Hydrogen bond on exterior surface connects to an oxygen
bond or nitrogen
3. Moderately weak interaction affected by salt or changes
in temp or pH
Amino acids form ______ by loss of water to make _______. -
CORRECT ANSWER Amino acids form peptide bonds by
dehydration to make protein.
Charged amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER 1.
positive/negative charge
,2. ionic bonds on exterior surface
3. moderately strong interaction affected by salt or change
in pH. (increased salt -> increased ions)
When pH is outside normal range, enzyme activity will _____.
- CORRECT ANSWER decrease.
A misfolded protein: - CORRECT ANSWER 1. causes
protein aggregation
2. can result from denaturation
3. can be degraded by the cell
4. will lose its normal function
Mutation of an active amino acid changes ____ - CORRECT
ANSWER an enzyme's ability to bind a substrate.
A dehydration reaction _______ a polypeptide, whereas a
hydrolysis reaction ______ a polypeptide. - CORRECT
ANSWER A dehydration reaction builds a polypeptide,
whereas a hydrolysis reaction breaks a polypeptide.
During feedback inhibition, a molecule acts as an ____ for an
enzyme in order to________. - CORRECT ANSWER During
feedback inhibition, a molecule acts as an inhibitor for an
enzyme in order to prevent over production of a product.
Replacing a polar amino acid with a non-polar amino acid
will likely cause ________. - CORRECT ANSWER a
neurodegenerative disease.
, Characteristics of hemoglobin in the lung: - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. Relaxed, planar state
2. Oxygenated - high affinity for O2
3. high pH, low CO2, low H+ ions
Characteristics of hemoglobin in the muscle: - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. tense, domed state
2. low affinity for O2
3. low pH, High CO2, High H+ ions
Hemoglobin _____ to O2 at high pH and _______ O2 at low pH. -
CORRECT ANSWER Hemoglobin binds to O2 at high pH
and releases O2 at low pH.
(It binds at high pH in lung to pick up oxygen and carry it
tissues and release it at low pH.)
These 3 things can be catabolized into Acetyl CoA -
CORRECT ANSWER 1. fatty acids
2. amino acids
3. glucose
How many ATP are produced for every molecule of glucose
that is aerobically metabolized? - CORRECT ANSWER 30
What occurs in an exercising muscle under anaerobic
conditions? - CORRECT ANSWER Pyruvate from
glycolysis is turned into lactate in order to regenerate NAD+
for further rounds of glycolysis, yielding 2 ATP per round for
muscle use. The Cori Cycle allows lactate to be turned into
Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does
not. What is the outcome for their kids? - CORRECT
ANSWER His daughters would be carriers. This is x-link
recessive.
Hydrophobic amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Come
together in middle to strengthen core
2. Contains carbons and hydrogens (CH, CH2, CH3) in R
group
3. AWAY from water
4. Contribute to tertiary protein structure
5. Non polar (inside the cell)
6. Protein aggregation d/t hydrophobic interactions
7. Weak interactions affected by change in temp.
Polar amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Contain
oxygen and nitrogen (Oh, NH, Nh2) in R group
2. Hydrogen bond on exterior surface connects to an oxygen
bond or nitrogen
3. Moderately weak interaction affected by salt or changes
in temp or pH
Amino acids form ______ by loss of water to make _______. -
CORRECT ANSWER Amino acids form peptide bonds by
dehydration to make protein.
Charged amino acids - CORRECT ANSWER 1.
positive/negative charge
,2. ionic bonds on exterior surface
3. moderately strong interaction affected by salt or change
in pH. (increased salt -> increased ions)
When pH is outside normal range, enzyme activity will _____.
- CORRECT ANSWER decrease.
A misfolded protein: - CORRECT ANSWER 1. causes
protein aggregation
2. can result from denaturation
3. can be degraded by the cell
4. will lose its normal function
Mutation of an active amino acid changes ____ - CORRECT
ANSWER an enzyme's ability to bind a substrate.
A dehydration reaction _______ a polypeptide, whereas a
hydrolysis reaction ______ a polypeptide. - CORRECT
ANSWER A dehydration reaction builds a polypeptide,
whereas a hydrolysis reaction breaks a polypeptide.
During feedback inhibition, a molecule acts as an ____ for an
enzyme in order to________. - CORRECT ANSWER During
feedback inhibition, a molecule acts as an inhibitor for an
enzyme in order to prevent over production of a product.
Replacing a polar amino acid with a non-polar amino acid
will likely cause ________. - CORRECT ANSWER a
neurodegenerative disease.
, Characteristics of hemoglobin in the lung: - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. Relaxed, planar state
2. Oxygenated - high affinity for O2
3. high pH, low CO2, low H+ ions
Characteristics of hemoglobin in the muscle: - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. tense, domed state
2. low affinity for O2
3. low pH, High CO2, High H+ ions
Hemoglobin _____ to O2 at high pH and _______ O2 at low pH. -
CORRECT ANSWER Hemoglobin binds to O2 at high pH
and releases O2 at low pH.
(It binds at high pH in lung to pick up oxygen and carry it
tissues and release it at low pH.)
These 3 things can be catabolized into Acetyl CoA -
CORRECT ANSWER 1. fatty acids
2. amino acids
3. glucose
How many ATP are produced for every molecule of glucose
that is aerobically metabolized? - CORRECT ANSWER 30
What occurs in an exercising muscle under anaerobic
conditions? - CORRECT ANSWER Pyruvate from
glycolysis is turned into lactate in order to regenerate NAD+
for further rounds of glycolysis, yielding 2 ATP per round for
muscle use. The Cori Cycle allows lactate to be turned into
