FCCN Level 2 Exam Practice Questions and Answers 100% Pass

FCCN Level 2 Exam Practice Questions and Answers 100% Pass PaO2 - partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood, obtained using an ABG 80-100mmHG PaO2 60=SpO2 90% SpO2 - saturation of peripheral oxygen, obtained using pulse ox 90-100% SpO2 90%=PaO2 60 PaCO2 - 35-45 respiratory acidosis - low pH, high CO2 causes: CNS depression from drugs such as sedation, injury, or disease Page 2/39 Crafted for Academic Insight by ©KatelynWhitman 2025. All rights reserved. breathe too slow, retaining CO2 respiratory alkalosis - high pH, low CO2 causes: pain, fever, sepsis breathe too fast, not retaining enough CO2 HCO3 - 22-26 metabolic acidosis - low pH, low HCO3 causes: diarrhea, DKA, hyperkalemia metabolic alkalosis - high pH, high HCO3 causes: vomiting, suctioning, hypokalemia pH - 7.35-7.45 reading ABGs - 1. evaluate pH to identify acidosis or alkalosis 2. match CO2 or HCO3 with pH state using ROME to determine respiratory or metabolic 3. assess whether CO2 or HCO3 state is opposite of pH to determine if it is uncompensated, partially compensated, fully compensated, or corrected Page 3/39 Crafted for Academic Insight by ©KatelynWhitman 2025. All rights reserved. non-invasive ventilation - CPAP/BiPAP CPAP - continuous positive airway pressure; provides inspiratory pressure BiPAP - bilevel positive airway pressure; provides inspiratory and expiratory pressure intubation - insertion of ETT into trachea RSI - administration of induction agent and neuromuscular blockade agent simultaneously intubation kit medications - premeds - versed and fentanyl sedatives - propofol, etomidate, ketamine paralytics - succinylcholine, rocuronium pressor - phenylephrine intubation preparation - -notify RT and pharmacist -discuss need for intubation and obtain consent, ensure pt does not have DNI order. -evaluate whether pt has difficult airway -verify equipment and PPE -assure functioning IV access -position pt Page 4/39 Crafted for Academic Insight by ©KatelynWhitman 2025. All rights reserved. -ensure verbalization of procedural pause -preoxygenate RN role during intubation - monitor pt vital signs especially O2 sats, administer medications, monitor time of intubation attempts, suctioning as needed intubation process - -following sedation, bag mask ventilate the pt -physician visualize ETT passing through cords -anesthesia backup will be notified after 10 minutes or 2 attempts to secure the airway post intubation care - -portable chest x-ray, ABGs -obtain sedation and analgesia orders -hourly RASS observation -monitor for hemodynamic changes ventilator settings - FiO2 Tidal Volume Respiratory Rate PEEP Mode FiO2 - fraction of inspired oxygen; the concentration of oxygen in the air we breathe RA is 21%, maximum is 100% Page 5/39 Crafted for Academic Insight by ©KatelynWhitman 2025. All rights reserved. lung protection FiO2 goal: maintain SpO2 target with FiO2 <60% PEEP - positive end-expiratory pressure, provides positive pressure to airways during expiration and helps keep alveoli open common mechanical ventilator setting in which airway pressure is maintained above atmospheric pressure disadvantages: increased thoracic pressure decreases venous return to the heart. high levels can cause barotrauma, tension pneumo respiratory rate - minimum number of breaths per minute the vent will ensure your pt takes increase the rate to blow off CO2, decrease rate to retain tidal volume - amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during a breath. calculated based on predicted body weight (height and gender) 6mL/kg is ideal minute ventilation - tidal volume x respiratory rate Page 6/39 Crafted for Academic Insight by ©KatelynWhitman 2025. All rights reserved. volume inspired during 1 minute normal is 5-8L/min pressure support - -eases the work of breathing, helps to overcome airway resistance of breathing through artificial airway -cannot be used with AC or CMV -CAN be used with SIMV -Patient can take breaths between mandatory breaths