National Dental Hygiene Board Review Questions And
Answers (A+) 100% Correct
What is a disadvantage to a mental nerve block? - ANSWER similar to a PSA injection,
can cause hematoma
why should patients taking steroids avoid LA with vaso.? - ANSWER prone to sulfite
allergies
why should you take precaution when giving a asthmatic patient prilocaine? - ANSWER
it it metabolized in the lungs and liver
limit dose
what are some sign and symptoms of methmoglobinemia that appear 3-4 hours after
injection? (4) - ANSWER 1. cyanotic nail beds, and mucous membrane, skin is grayish
blue
2. respiratory disease
3. lethargy
4. venous blood is chocolate brown
why should people that have liver disease such as acute hepatitis avoid injections that
have a greater risk of positive aspiration? - ANSWER may have increased bleeding time
Why should L, specifically prilocaine avoid individuals with renal failure or dysfunction? -
ANSWER because prilocaine is metabolized in the kidneys
When should LA avoid individuals who have sickle cell anemia? - ANSWER when the
person is in crisis
,What dose should one use for patients on seratonin and norepinephrine reuptake
inhibitors like cymbalta? - ANSWER cardiac dose
What is the drug interaction between levonordefrin and tricyclic
antidepressants-amitriptyline /elavil? - ANSWER increase of blood pressure
what is the concern with phenothiazides (haldol, thorazine) and vasoconstrictors? -
ANSWER pheno. is a alpha blocker that antagonizes the beta blockers of epi. they
reverse the effects of vasoconstrictors thus increasing risk of hypotension
why should patients on antihistamines such as cimetidine/tagamet avoid LA like
lidocaine? - ANSWER antihistamines competes with lidocaine for liver enzyme, therefore
slowing down the metabolism of lidocaine causing risk of overdose
what is the cause of a hematoma upon injection? -ANSWER nicking or puncturing a
blood vessel causing hemorrhaging into surrounding tissue
what nerve is affected in facial paralysis? what mistake usually causes this? how long
does it last? -ANSWER facial nerve that is in the parotid gland
overinsertion during IANB that penetrates the parotid gland
few hours
what is paresthesia? what nerve is most frequently involved? -ANSWER persistent
anesthesia beyond expected duration
involves usually the lingual nerve
what is the maximum permissible dose of radiation that a occupational person can
receive? - ANS 5.0 rem/year
what is the maximum permissible dose of radiation that a non-occupational person can
receive? - ANS 0.1 rem/year
,what is trismus? - ANS spasm of the muscles of mastication
what are the 4 components of a radiographic film - ANS 1. acetate base
2. adhesive layer
3. Emulsion layer(single or double) - gelatin of silver halide crystals to absorb and store
xray
4. Protective layer
What is a latent image? - ANSWER Invisible image that is produced when the film is
exposed to a xray and invisible until it is processed.
What is the purpose of the lead backing in a film? - ANSWER To prevent scatter of xray
Low KVP =? - ANSWER High contrast(short scale)
what size film for adults and children do you need to take an oclussal xray? - ANSWER
adult- size 4
pedo- size 2
what is the max angulation for a occlusal xray image on the maxilla? how about the
mandible? - ANSWER 65-75 degrees maxilla
-55 for the mandible
what is a occlusal image used for? and what is it NOT used for? - ANSWER -fractures
-cyst
-supernumerary teeth
-pathology at the apices of incisors
, it is *not* used for periodontal conditions
why do we take PANS? - ANSWER -supernumerary teeth
-primary dentition
- foreign objects
-developmental abnormalities
what is a ghost image on a panoramic? - ANSWER it is a opaque shadow of a object
located on the *opposite* side of the patient
if the patients head is tilted too high up during a PAN, what will occur the image look
like? - ANSWER like a frown
what type of image is best to classify periodontal condition? - ANS bitewings
what are the two types of luxations? - ANS 1. intrusion- pushed in
2. extrusion- pushed out
apex of a tooth is non-vital due to low grade fever, not attached to root, usually in
mandibular first molars - ANS condensing osteitis
what is specificity? - ANSWER the % of persons without disease who test negative
what is sensitivity? - ANSWER total number of true positives /total number of positive
findings possible(true positives + false negatives are equal)
sensitivity= TP/TP+FN
What term is used to describe the proportion of diseased persons to well persons in the
community? - ANSWER morbidity
Answers (A+) 100% Correct
What is a disadvantage to a mental nerve block? - ANSWER similar to a PSA injection,
can cause hematoma
why should patients taking steroids avoid LA with vaso.? - ANSWER prone to sulfite
allergies
why should you take precaution when giving a asthmatic patient prilocaine? - ANSWER
it it metabolized in the lungs and liver
limit dose
what are some sign and symptoms of methmoglobinemia that appear 3-4 hours after
injection? (4) - ANSWER 1. cyanotic nail beds, and mucous membrane, skin is grayish
blue
2. respiratory disease
3. lethargy
4. venous blood is chocolate brown
why should people that have liver disease such as acute hepatitis avoid injections that
have a greater risk of positive aspiration? - ANSWER may have increased bleeding time
Why should L, specifically prilocaine avoid individuals with renal failure or dysfunction? -
ANSWER because prilocaine is metabolized in the kidneys
When should LA avoid individuals who have sickle cell anemia? - ANSWER when the
person is in crisis
,What dose should one use for patients on seratonin and norepinephrine reuptake
inhibitors like cymbalta? - ANSWER cardiac dose
What is the drug interaction between levonordefrin and tricyclic
antidepressants-amitriptyline /elavil? - ANSWER increase of blood pressure
what is the concern with phenothiazides (haldol, thorazine) and vasoconstrictors? -
ANSWER pheno. is a alpha blocker that antagonizes the beta blockers of epi. they
reverse the effects of vasoconstrictors thus increasing risk of hypotension
why should patients on antihistamines such as cimetidine/tagamet avoid LA like
lidocaine? - ANSWER antihistamines competes with lidocaine for liver enzyme, therefore
slowing down the metabolism of lidocaine causing risk of overdose
what is the cause of a hematoma upon injection? -ANSWER nicking or puncturing a
blood vessel causing hemorrhaging into surrounding tissue
what nerve is affected in facial paralysis? what mistake usually causes this? how long
does it last? -ANSWER facial nerve that is in the parotid gland
overinsertion during IANB that penetrates the parotid gland
few hours
what is paresthesia? what nerve is most frequently involved? -ANSWER persistent
anesthesia beyond expected duration
involves usually the lingual nerve
what is the maximum permissible dose of radiation that a occupational person can
receive? - ANS 5.0 rem/year
what is the maximum permissible dose of radiation that a non-occupational person can
receive? - ANS 0.1 rem/year
,what is trismus? - ANS spasm of the muscles of mastication
what are the 4 components of a radiographic film - ANS 1. acetate base
2. adhesive layer
3. Emulsion layer(single or double) - gelatin of silver halide crystals to absorb and store
xray
4. Protective layer
What is a latent image? - ANSWER Invisible image that is produced when the film is
exposed to a xray and invisible until it is processed.
What is the purpose of the lead backing in a film? - ANSWER To prevent scatter of xray
Low KVP =? - ANSWER High contrast(short scale)
what size film for adults and children do you need to take an oclussal xray? - ANSWER
adult- size 4
pedo- size 2
what is the max angulation for a occlusal xray image on the maxilla? how about the
mandible? - ANSWER 65-75 degrees maxilla
-55 for the mandible
what is a occlusal image used for? and what is it NOT used for? - ANSWER -fractures
-cyst
-supernumerary teeth
-pathology at the apices of incisors
, it is *not* used for periodontal conditions
why do we take PANS? - ANSWER -supernumerary teeth
-primary dentition
- foreign objects
-developmental abnormalities
what is a ghost image on a panoramic? - ANSWER it is a opaque shadow of a object
located on the *opposite* side of the patient
if the patients head is tilted too high up during a PAN, what will occur the image look
like? - ANSWER like a frown
what type of image is best to classify periodontal condition? - ANS bitewings
what are the two types of luxations? - ANS 1. intrusion- pushed in
2. extrusion- pushed out
apex of a tooth is non-vital due to low grade fever, not attached to root, usually in
mandibular first molars - ANS condensing osteitis
what is specificity? - ANSWER the % of persons without disease who test negative
what is sensitivity? - ANSWER total number of true positives /total number of positive
findings possible(true positives + false negatives are equal)
sensitivity= TP/TP+FN
What term is used to describe the proportion of diseased persons to well persons in the
community? - ANSWER morbidity
