Summary SCB 203 Blood Guide

BLOO
D
Plasma – liquid ECM of blood

Formed elements – include cells and cell fragments found suspended in plasma

Centrifuged – 3 Layers of Blood
Top Layer – 55% Plasma
Middle Layer – 1% Leukocytes and Platelets
Bottom Layer – 44% Erythrocytes


HEMATOCRIT – MEASUREMENT OF PERCENTAGE OF BLOOD COMPOSED OF RED BLOOD
CELLS. DIAGNOSTIC TEST

BLOOD FUNCTIONS –
Exchanging
Distributing solutes
Performing immune
Maintaining body
Functioning in blood clotting
Preserving acid-base Homeostasis
Stabilizing blood pressure:


Plasma –

 Pale Yellow Liquid
 90% Water
 Determining Viscosity
 Resistant to Flow
 Less Water in Plasma, More Formed Elements, Resulting Blood to Not
Flow as Easy, Making Heart to Work Harder.

Plasma Proteins

 Portion of plasma Can’t dissolve in water, TOO BIG.

,  9% of Plasma.
 Form Colloid – 2 Components not able to dissolve in one another
 Albumin – BLOOD OSMOTIC PRESSURE
 Bring water back into blood vessel
 Immune Proteins – (g-globulins); also, known as antibodies; made by
leukocytes, components of immune system
 Transport proteins – bind to lipid-based molecules that otherwise are
incompatible with mostly water-based plasma; allows transportation of
these molecules in blood
 Clotting proteins – stop bleeding from injured blood vessels by
forming a blood clot with assistance from platelets

Solution in Plasma

 1 % forms a Solution, which dissolves in water
 Like Glucose, Amino Acids, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Wastes
 Can be exchanged between Blood and Interstitial Fluid in Capillary Beds

Erythrocytes –

 RED Blood Cells (RBCs) – Bus Drivers
 Circular Bi- Concave Structure – Flattened Donut Shaped Concave on
Both Sides
 Shape Helps to Perform Function
 ANUCLEATED - After they MATURE & are Produced in Bone Marrow,
DO NOT HAVE A NUCLEUS, Making More Room for Oxygen Storage.
(HEMOGLOBIN)
 As Cell Matures, It Loses Its Nucleus
 CREATES ROOM FOR CYTOSOL IN ENZYMES; Inside of RBCs Many
Proteins – 1 BILLION OXYGEN BINDING - HEMOGLOBIN
 Transport Oxygen INTO Body and Carbon Dioxide OUT of The Body
 Bus Drivers Transport Citizens All Over the City, Erythrocytes Transport
Oxygen All throughout the Body.
 Citizens are important to City, Like Oxygen is Important to Body

HEMOGLOBIN –

 Composed of 4 Polypeptide Chains
 Quaternary Structure of Protein Structure
 2 Alpha Chains; 2 Beta Chains
 EACH POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN OF HEMOGLOBIN HAS A HEME GROUP
 HEME GROUP- HAS IRON