NURS 3525 - Diabetes Exam Questions And
100% Correct Answers
A polypeptide hormone produced by the pancreas which lowers blood glucose levels by
promoting the uptake of glucose into tissues (↓ b.g)
Insulin
Counterregulatory hormones to insulin
Glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol, growth hormone - Oppose the effects of insulin that
results in ↑ blood glucose
What is normal serum blood glucose?
74-106 mg/dL
What is normal pre-prandial (<meals) blood glucose?
70-130 mg/dL
What is normal post-prandial (>meals) blood glucose?
<180 mg/dl
Characterized by ACUTE onset
Type 1 DM
What is the problem with type 1 DM?
Autoimmune condition that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta
,cells.
Have islet cell antibodies, genetic tendency to develop disease
DM type 1
What age does type 1 DM usually occur?
Any age, usually before 40yo. More common in children
How do you treat type 1 DM?
Life-long (no cure), difficult to control + requires insulin injections
What are 3 risk factors for type 1 DM?
Genetics, environment, immunologic
What is the problem in type 2 DM?
Inadequate secretion of insulin, ↑ resistance to insulin, inadequate use of insulin
What are SxS of type 1 DM?
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight ↓, fatigue, ↑ incidence of infection, rapid onset,
fruity breath
What type of DM does the pancreas produces some endogenous insulin?
Type 2 DM
What are risk factors for type 2 DM?
Family history of diabetes, obesity, race/ethnicity, >40 years of age, delivered a baby
weighing > 9 lbs, metabolic syndrome
, What are the 5 components of metabolic syndrome?
↑ glucose levels, abdominal obesity, high BP, high triglyceride levels, and ↓ high-density
lipoprotein (HDL) levels
What are the S/S of Type 2 DM?
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, Fatigue, recurring yeast infection, recurring infection,
slow healing of wound, problems with vision
What does pre-diabetes indicate?
Risk for type 2 DM
What is the range expected for a 2-hour OGTT for a pre-diabetic patient, and what does
it mean?
140-199 mg/dL, impaired glucose tolerance
What is the range expected for FBG for a pre-diabetic patient
100-125 mg/dl, impaired fasting glucose
Is pre-diabetes symptomatic or asymptomatic?
Asymptomatic, but damage is occurring
What kind of screening and education will we need to teach a patient with pre-diabetes?
Blood glucose & A1C checks, monitor for symptoms for of T2 DM, risk factors for T2 DM,
prevention interventions
When does gestational diabetes develop?
During pregnancy
100% Correct Answers
A polypeptide hormone produced by the pancreas which lowers blood glucose levels by
promoting the uptake of glucose into tissues (↓ b.g)
Insulin
Counterregulatory hormones to insulin
Glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol, growth hormone - Oppose the effects of insulin that
results in ↑ blood glucose
What is normal serum blood glucose?
74-106 mg/dL
What is normal pre-prandial (<meals) blood glucose?
70-130 mg/dL
What is normal post-prandial (>meals) blood glucose?
<180 mg/dl
Characterized by ACUTE onset
Type 1 DM
What is the problem with type 1 DM?
Autoimmune condition that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta
,cells.
Have islet cell antibodies, genetic tendency to develop disease
DM type 1
What age does type 1 DM usually occur?
Any age, usually before 40yo. More common in children
How do you treat type 1 DM?
Life-long (no cure), difficult to control + requires insulin injections
What are 3 risk factors for type 1 DM?
Genetics, environment, immunologic
What is the problem in type 2 DM?
Inadequate secretion of insulin, ↑ resistance to insulin, inadequate use of insulin
What are SxS of type 1 DM?
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight ↓, fatigue, ↑ incidence of infection, rapid onset,
fruity breath
What type of DM does the pancreas produces some endogenous insulin?
Type 2 DM
What are risk factors for type 2 DM?
Family history of diabetes, obesity, race/ethnicity, >40 years of age, delivered a baby
weighing > 9 lbs, metabolic syndrome
, What are the 5 components of metabolic syndrome?
↑ glucose levels, abdominal obesity, high BP, high triglyceride levels, and ↓ high-density
lipoprotein (HDL) levels
What are the S/S of Type 2 DM?
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, Fatigue, recurring yeast infection, recurring infection,
slow healing of wound, problems with vision
What does pre-diabetes indicate?
Risk for type 2 DM
What is the range expected for a 2-hour OGTT for a pre-diabetic patient, and what does
it mean?
140-199 mg/dL, impaired glucose tolerance
What is the range expected for FBG for a pre-diabetic patient
100-125 mg/dl, impaired fasting glucose
Is pre-diabetes symptomatic or asymptomatic?
Asymptomatic, but damage is occurring
What kind of screening and education will we need to teach a patient with pre-diabetes?
Blood glucose & A1C checks, monitor for symptoms for of T2 DM, risk factors for T2 DM,
prevention interventions
When does gestational diabetes develop?
During pregnancy
