ATI TEAS 7 Exam Study Guide
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Fundamentals Of Nursing Practice (Hostos Community
College
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Revised ATI TEAS 7 Exam Study Guide (2022)
ATI TEAS 7 EXAM STUDY GUIDE: Cell Biology
Cell Basics
Cell: The cell is the fundamental organizational unit of all living organisms.
All cells share a common feature—they contain membranes made of
phospholipids.
Cell Structure Organization: Every cell contains DNA, RNA, and is
capable of synthesizing proteins. Cells are made up of nucleic acids,
cytoplasm, and a cell membrane.
o Tissues: Groups of cells that perform a specific function together.
o Organs: Groups of tissues combined to carry out a specialized
function.
o Systems: Sets of organs that work together to support bodily
functions.
o Organism: A complete, independent living being.
Nuclear Parts of a Cell
Nucleus: Contains chromosomes and regulates the cell’s DNA. It is the
defining structure of eukaryotic cells, as they all contain a nucleus. The
nucleus plays a crucial role in passing genetic traits across generations. Key
components include:
o Nuclear Envelope: A lipid-based membrane that encloses the
nucleus.
o Nucleoplasm: A semi-fluid substance within the nucleus, similar to
cytoplasm.
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o Nucleolus: A small, dense region within the nucleus that does not
have a membrane. It synthesizes and stores RNA and plays a central
role in protein synthesis.
o Nuclear Pores: Small openings that facilitate material exchange
between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
o Chromosomes: Threadlike structures made of DNA, containing the
genetic material that provides information about the organism.
o Chromatin: A combination of DNA and proteins that forms
chromosomes.
Cell Membranes
Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane): This semipermeable barrier is
composed of lipids and proteins. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer
where:
o Hydrophilic Ends: The outer layer faces the external environment,
while the inner layer faces the cell’s interior, both interacting well
with water.
o Hydrophobic Ends: These are sandwiched between the layers and
do not interact with water.
Selective Permeability: The cell membrane's selective permeability
depends on factors like molecule size, electrical charge, and solubility,
allowing specific substances to pass in and out of the cell.
Cell Structure
Ribosomes: Structures responsible for protein synthesis by assembling
amino acids.
Golgi Apparatus: Near the nucleus, this organelle synthesizes materials
like proteins that are then transported out of the cell. It is made up of
stacked membrane layers.
lOMoAR cPSD|11087127
Fundamentals Of Nursing Practice (Hostos Community
College
, lOMoAR cPSD|11087127
Revised ATI TEAS 7 Exam Study Guide (2022)
ATI TEAS 7 EXAM STUDY GUIDE: Cell Biology
Cell Basics
Cell: The cell is the fundamental organizational unit of all living organisms.
All cells share a common feature—they contain membranes made of
phospholipids.
Cell Structure Organization: Every cell contains DNA, RNA, and is
capable of synthesizing proteins. Cells are made up of nucleic acids,
cytoplasm, and a cell membrane.
o Tissues: Groups of cells that perform a specific function together.
o Organs: Groups of tissues combined to carry out a specialized
function.
o Systems: Sets of organs that work together to support bodily
functions.
o Organism: A complete, independent living being.
Nuclear Parts of a Cell
Nucleus: Contains chromosomes and regulates the cell’s DNA. It is the
defining structure of eukaryotic cells, as they all contain a nucleus. The
nucleus plays a crucial role in passing genetic traits across generations. Key
components include:
o Nuclear Envelope: A lipid-based membrane that encloses the
nucleus.
o Nucleoplasm: A semi-fluid substance within the nucleus, similar to
cytoplasm.
, lOMoAR cPSD|11087127
o Nucleolus: A small, dense region within the nucleus that does not
have a membrane. It synthesizes and stores RNA and plays a central
role in protein synthesis.
o Nuclear Pores: Small openings that facilitate material exchange
between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
o Chromosomes: Threadlike structures made of DNA, containing the
genetic material that provides information about the organism.
o Chromatin: A combination of DNA and proteins that forms
chromosomes.
Cell Membranes
Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane): This semipermeable barrier is
composed of lipids and proteins. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer
where:
o Hydrophilic Ends: The outer layer faces the external environment,
while the inner layer faces the cell’s interior, both interacting well
with water.
o Hydrophobic Ends: These are sandwiched between the layers and
do not interact with water.
Selective Permeability: The cell membrane's selective permeability
depends on factors like molecule size, electrical charge, and solubility,
allowing specific substances to pass in and out of the cell.
Cell Structure
Ribosomes: Structures responsible for protein synthesis by assembling
amino acids.
Golgi Apparatus: Near the nucleus, this organelle synthesizes materials
like proteins that are then transported out of the cell. It is made up of
stacked membrane layers.
