CMN 574 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS
Strength Training - Answer - Can be started as early as 7 or 8 years of age
- Must meet Tanner Stage V before moving to maximum weightlifting or power lifting
(prevent injury)
PRICE acronym for injuries - Answer - Protect
- Rest
- Ice
- Compression
- Elevate
Sports Physicals - Answer - Promote health and safety
- Screen for various problems
- May provide a medical home
- Evaluates fitness level for particular sport
- Preventing injuries
Concussion - Answer - Trauma to body or head that causes injury to the brain
- May or may not be symptomatic
- Usually resolves in 7-10 days
- Management/Follow up
- 6 step process
Concussion S/S - Answer - Headache, Confusion
- Amnesia, Dizziness, Balance problems
,- Nausea/Vomiting
- Visual disturbances
- Light/noise sensitivity, Ringing in the ears
- Fatigue/excessive, sleepiness/Sleep abnormalities
- Memory/concentration problems
- Irritability/behavioral changes
Concussion 6 step process - Answer - No symptoms at rest for 24 hours
- Light aerobic exercise
- Sport specific exercise
- Non contact drills
- Contact practice drills
- Release
Recurring S/S of Concussion during the 6 step process - Answer Any S/S of concussion
at any stage then go back to rest for 24 hours and drop back a step
Cervicalgia [Neck pain] causes - Answer - Poor posture
- Whiplash
- Degenerative joint disease
- Radiculopathy is usually triggered from C5-C7 involvement
Radiculopathy - Answer - A range of symptoms produced by the pinching of a nerve root
in the spinal column.
- The pinched nerve can occur at different areas along the spine (cervical, thoracic or
lumbar).
- Pain, weakness, numbness and tingling.
,Cervicalgia DX - Answer Spurling Test
Spurling Test - Answer - Hyperextend neck - move laterally to affected side & apply
gentle pressure to axial load
- Reproducible radiculopathy = + test results
Cervicalgia TX - Answer - If no findings of trauma or infection- treat conservatively
- Stretching, NSAIDs, therapy, muscle relaxers (short term), massage, chiropractic
treatments, cervical traction
Burners/Stingers - Answer - Terms are used interchangeably
- Symptoms are on same side as injury
- Unilateral pain, burning, paresthesias, weakness
Burners/Stingers TX - Answer - Remove from play and observe
- If symptoms persist, increase, headaches develop, or neurological s/s initiate
diagnostic work up
Burners/Stingers Prevention - Answer - Proper fitting gear
- Appropriate clothing
- Use proper technique for sports activity
Spondylolysis - Answer - Injury to the pars interarticularis
- Presents as pain with low back extension
- Acquired stress fracture due to repetitive overload
Spondylolysis TX - Answer - Avoid hyperextension of the back and high impact sports
- Bracing may help symptoms but no change in outcome in studies
, - May return to sports when asymptomatic
- Stretching of ham strings
- Work on core and back strengthening
Spondylolisthesis - Answer - Bilateral pars injury with vertebral slippage
- Back pain with extension
- Hyperlordosis
Spondylolisthesis TX - Answer - Treat symptoms
- Brace may help
- If surgery is required, cannot return to sports activity for at least one year
Low back pain - Answer - Consider nerve root impingement if leg pain is > back pain
- Estimated that 80% of episodes resolve spontaneously within 2 weeks & 90% in 6
weeks
Low back pain Exam - Answer - Examine patient carefully- standing, sitting, supine, then
prone
- Motor strength and DTRs- check bilaterally
- Prone position to palpate SI joints and spine for tenderness
Cauda Equina Syndrome - Answer - Bowel or bladder symptoms, "saddle anesthesia",
loss of anal sphincter tone or incontinence, LE weakness
- Emergency, Refer immediately
S/S of back pain and concerning for malignant process - Answer - Weight loss
- Severe pain for > 6 weeks
- Nocturnal or pain at rest
Strength Training - Answer - Can be started as early as 7 or 8 years of age
- Must meet Tanner Stage V before moving to maximum weightlifting or power lifting
(prevent injury)
PRICE acronym for injuries - Answer - Protect
- Rest
- Ice
- Compression
- Elevate
Sports Physicals - Answer - Promote health and safety
- Screen for various problems
- May provide a medical home
- Evaluates fitness level for particular sport
- Preventing injuries
Concussion - Answer - Trauma to body or head that causes injury to the brain
- May or may not be symptomatic
- Usually resolves in 7-10 days
- Management/Follow up
- 6 step process
Concussion S/S - Answer - Headache, Confusion
- Amnesia, Dizziness, Balance problems
,- Nausea/Vomiting
- Visual disturbances
- Light/noise sensitivity, Ringing in the ears
- Fatigue/excessive, sleepiness/Sleep abnormalities
- Memory/concentration problems
- Irritability/behavioral changes
Concussion 6 step process - Answer - No symptoms at rest for 24 hours
- Light aerobic exercise
- Sport specific exercise
- Non contact drills
- Contact practice drills
- Release
Recurring S/S of Concussion during the 6 step process - Answer Any S/S of concussion
at any stage then go back to rest for 24 hours and drop back a step
Cervicalgia [Neck pain] causes - Answer - Poor posture
- Whiplash
- Degenerative joint disease
- Radiculopathy is usually triggered from C5-C7 involvement
Radiculopathy - Answer - A range of symptoms produced by the pinching of a nerve root
in the spinal column.
- The pinched nerve can occur at different areas along the spine (cervical, thoracic or
lumbar).
- Pain, weakness, numbness and tingling.
,Cervicalgia DX - Answer Spurling Test
Spurling Test - Answer - Hyperextend neck - move laterally to affected side & apply
gentle pressure to axial load
- Reproducible radiculopathy = + test results
Cervicalgia TX - Answer - If no findings of trauma or infection- treat conservatively
- Stretching, NSAIDs, therapy, muscle relaxers (short term), massage, chiropractic
treatments, cervical traction
Burners/Stingers - Answer - Terms are used interchangeably
- Symptoms are on same side as injury
- Unilateral pain, burning, paresthesias, weakness
Burners/Stingers TX - Answer - Remove from play and observe
- If symptoms persist, increase, headaches develop, or neurological s/s initiate
diagnostic work up
Burners/Stingers Prevention - Answer - Proper fitting gear
- Appropriate clothing
- Use proper technique for sports activity
Spondylolysis - Answer - Injury to the pars interarticularis
- Presents as pain with low back extension
- Acquired stress fracture due to repetitive overload
Spondylolysis TX - Answer - Avoid hyperextension of the back and high impact sports
- Bracing may help symptoms but no change in outcome in studies
, - May return to sports when asymptomatic
- Stretching of ham strings
- Work on core and back strengthening
Spondylolisthesis - Answer - Bilateral pars injury with vertebral slippage
- Back pain with extension
- Hyperlordosis
Spondylolisthesis TX - Answer - Treat symptoms
- Brace may help
- If surgery is required, cannot return to sports activity for at least one year
Low back pain - Answer - Consider nerve root impingement if leg pain is > back pain
- Estimated that 80% of episodes resolve spontaneously within 2 weeks & 90% in 6
weeks
Low back pain Exam - Answer - Examine patient carefully- standing, sitting, supine, then
prone
- Motor strength and DTRs- check bilaterally
- Prone position to palpate SI joints and spine for tenderness
Cauda Equina Syndrome - Answer - Bowel or bladder symptoms, "saddle anesthesia",
loss of anal sphincter tone or incontinence, LE weakness
- Emergency, Refer immediately
S/S of back pain and concerning for malignant process - Answer - Weight loss
- Severe pain for > 6 weeks
- Nocturnal or pain at rest
