Ethnic Studies 101 Final
Era of Spanish Conquest - correct answer ✔The Spanish conquest of the
Aztec empire was led by Hernándo Cortés. Lasted 300 yrs.
Jesuits (mission system) - correct answer ✔-Constructed missions in Arizona
after the Franciscans
Franciscans (mission system) - correct answer ✔-Constructed missions in
New Mexico, also responsible for most missions in alta california
Eusebio Kino - correct answer ✔-single handedly responsible for building 24
missions
-geographer, explorer -- conducted several trips to the west
-able to draw the first accurate map of the west
-Proved that the Baja California is a peninsula is not an island
Jose de Galvez - correct answer ✔said we need to unify the settlements
under one empire and build Garrisons: huge military fort
-rise of stronger economy
Alta/Baja California - correct answer ✔Baja California was not as desirable
as alta california. Most expeditions north rebuffed by natives armed with guns
Criollos (creoles) - correct answer ✔-the new world offspring of European
settlers (parents born in Spain, child born in Mexico)
-dominated
,Miguel Hidalgo - correct answer ✔-priest that advocated independence
-advocated social equality
-argued that all people are equal in the eyes of God regardless of race or
class
-leader in first mexican revolution in 1810. Would be captured and beheaded.
Revolution would continue for 11 years after his death
-able to inspire the people to rise up
First Mexican Revolution - correct answer ✔-resentment towards Spanish
authority -- took a cue from the American Revolution (used as a model)
-Hidalgo captured and beheaded
-Whole range of people who want to fight Spaniards. Lasted 11 yrs.
Independence won in 1821.
-1824 construction -- called for democracy and social equality -- all people in
Mexico given citizenship regardless of race or class
-end of slavery -- 2nd president of Mexico, Vicente Guerrero (afro-Mexican)
*impact of Mexican independence on Southwest borderlands:
-From "Spanish" to "Mexican"
-resurgence of Indian threat --Garrisons unprotected/vulnerable
-societal change from fluid to rigid
Californios - correct answer ✔-not involved in revolution; resented being
under Mexican authority
-political instability
-end of the missions
-rise of the ranches (los ranchos) -- money making institutions
-cattle -- Indians screwed over
, Race class and stratification:
-Californios
-Mestizos
-Indios (Indians) -- stuck and can't leave (labor force)
Annexation of Texas - correct answer ✔conflict over Texas
-Texas a wasteland
-agreement made between US and Mexicans to allow Anglos to work
-anglos outnumbered Mexicans
-cultural conflict (language, religion, color)
-debate over slavery
*anglos reacted negatively and felt they had the "God-given" right to own
property (slaves)
-anglos initiated US slave system
-Won the Alamo battle but victory lasted like a 1 mo. -- -Santa Anna taken
hostage -- Texas was annexed in 1845.
-The Republic of Texas
Contract Labor System - correct answer ✔*indentured servant for life
-each slave had to be brought to Mexican official
-under contract slave is legally free but former slave has to pay former owner
back transportation cost
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna - correct answer ✔president of Mexico, said
Anglos had to follow Mexican law
-cut off further American immigration into Texas
Era of Spanish Conquest - correct answer ✔The Spanish conquest of the
Aztec empire was led by Hernándo Cortés. Lasted 300 yrs.
Jesuits (mission system) - correct answer ✔-Constructed missions in Arizona
after the Franciscans
Franciscans (mission system) - correct answer ✔-Constructed missions in
New Mexico, also responsible for most missions in alta california
Eusebio Kino - correct answer ✔-single handedly responsible for building 24
missions
-geographer, explorer -- conducted several trips to the west
-able to draw the first accurate map of the west
-Proved that the Baja California is a peninsula is not an island
Jose de Galvez - correct answer ✔said we need to unify the settlements
under one empire and build Garrisons: huge military fort
-rise of stronger economy
Alta/Baja California - correct answer ✔Baja California was not as desirable
as alta california. Most expeditions north rebuffed by natives armed with guns
Criollos (creoles) - correct answer ✔-the new world offspring of European
settlers (parents born in Spain, child born in Mexico)
-dominated
,Miguel Hidalgo - correct answer ✔-priest that advocated independence
-advocated social equality
-argued that all people are equal in the eyes of God regardless of race or
class
-leader in first mexican revolution in 1810. Would be captured and beheaded.
Revolution would continue for 11 years after his death
-able to inspire the people to rise up
First Mexican Revolution - correct answer ✔-resentment towards Spanish
authority -- took a cue from the American Revolution (used as a model)
-Hidalgo captured and beheaded
-Whole range of people who want to fight Spaniards. Lasted 11 yrs.
Independence won in 1821.
-1824 construction -- called for democracy and social equality -- all people in
Mexico given citizenship regardless of race or class
-end of slavery -- 2nd president of Mexico, Vicente Guerrero (afro-Mexican)
*impact of Mexican independence on Southwest borderlands:
-From "Spanish" to "Mexican"
-resurgence of Indian threat --Garrisons unprotected/vulnerable
-societal change from fluid to rigid
Californios - correct answer ✔-not involved in revolution; resented being
under Mexican authority
-political instability
-end of the missions
-rise of the ranches (los ranchos) -- money making institutions
-cattle -- Indians screwed over
, Race class and stratification:
-Californios
-Mestizos
-Indios (Indians) -- stuck and can't leave (labor force)
Annexation of Texas - correct answer ✔conflict over Texas
-Texas a wasteland
-agreement made between US and Mexicans to allow Anglos to work
-anglos outnumbered Mexicans
-cultural conflict (language, religion, color)
-debate over slavery
*anglos reacted negatively and felt they had the "God-given" right to own
property (slaves)
-anglos initiated US slave system
-Won the Alamo battle but victory lasted like a 1 mo. -- -Santa Anna taken
hostage -- Texas was annexed in 1845.
-The Republic of Texas
Contract Labor System - correct answer ✔*indentured servant for life
-each slave had to be brought to Mexican official
-under contract slave is legally free but former slave has to pay former owner
back transportation cost
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna - correct answer ✔president of Mexico, said
Anglos had to follow Mexican law
-cut off further American immigration into Texas
