1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
ONS Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy Certificate
Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Define neoadjuvant therapy
→ Treatment is given prior to surgery to shrink the tumor
Define adjuvant therapy
→ Additional cancer treatment given after the primary treatment
to lower the risk that the cancer reoccur
3 subcategories of alkylating agents:
→ 1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed
alkylating agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Common alkylating agents:
→ Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Bendamustine (Treanda)
Common platinum-based agents:
→ Cisplatin (Platinol)
Carboplatin (Paraplatin)
What is unique about nitrosoureas agents?
→ Able to cross the blood-brain barrier; can be effective in
treating some brain tumors
Common nitrosoureas agents:
→ Carmustine (BiCNU)
Lomustine (CeeNu)
Streptozocin (Zanosar)
Hypersensitivity can occur with late doses of:
→ Carboplatin
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
These agents are typically categorized as highly emetogenic:
→ 1. Alkylating agents
2. Nitrosoureas
Pre-administration labs for alkylating agents and nitrosoureas:
→ BUN
Creatinine
CBC w/ diff
What is the medication Mesna used for?
→ Bladder protectant with administration of cyclophosphamide
or ifosfamide
Instruct pts receiving ________ to avoid exposure to cold air and consuming
cold fluids for 3-4 days following treatment
→ Oxaliplatin
How do antimetabolites function?
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
→ By blocking DNA and RNA growth by interfering with enzymes
needed for normal cell metabolism
Antimetabolites work in the ___ phase.
→ S
Common side effects of antimetabolites:
→ Myelosuppression
GI toxicities
Photosensitivity
Hand-foot syndrome
Common antimetabolite drugs:
→ Azacitidine
Capecitabine
5-FU
Cytarabine
Decitabine
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
ONS Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy Certificate
Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Define neoadjuvant therapy
→ Treatment is given prior to surgery to shrink the tumor
Define adjuvant therapy
→ Additional cancer treatment given after the primary treatment
to lower the risk that the cancer reoccur
3 subcategories of alkylating agents:
→ 1. Nitrogen mustards
2. Platinum-based agents (do not possess an alkyl group but still termed
alkylating agents as they work similarly)
3. Nitrosoureas
Common alkylating agents:
→ Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
Ifosfamide (Ifex)
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Bendamustine (Treanda)
Common platinum-based agents:
→ Cisplatin (Platinol)
Carboplatin (Paraplatin)
What is unique about nitrosoureas agents?
→ Able to cross the blood-brain barrier; can be effective in
treating some brain tumors
Common nitrosoureas agents:
→ Carmustine (BiCNU)
Lomustine (CeeNu)
Streptozocin (Zanosar)
Hypersensitivity can occur with late doses of:
→ Carboplatin
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
These agents are typically categorized as highly emetogenic:
→ 1. Alkylating agents
2. Nitrosoureas
Pre-administration labs for alkylating agents and nitrosoureas:
→ BUN
Creatinine
CBC w/ diff
What is the medication Mesna used for?
→ Bladder protectant with administration of cyclophosphamide
or ifosfamide
Instruct pts receiving ________ to avoid exposure to cold air and consuming
cold fluids for 3-4 days following treatment
→ Oxaliplatin
How do antimetabolites function?
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
→ By blocking DNA and RNA growth by interfering with enzymes
needed for normal cell metabolism
Antimetabolites work in the ___ phase.
→ S
Common side effects of antimetabolites:
→ Myelosuppression
GI toxicities
Photosensitivity
Hand-foot syndrome
Common antimetabolite drugs:
→ Azacitidine
Capecitabine
5-FU
Cytarabine
Decitabine
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
