1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
TNCC Written Exam 2024 Questions
and Answer | Latest Update
2024/2025
What are the late signs of breathing compromise?
✓ ~~> - Tracheal deviation
✓ - JVD
What are signs of ineffective breathing?
✓ ~~> - AMS
✓ - Cyanosis, especially around the mouth
✓ - Asymmetric expansion of chest wall
✓ - Paradoxical movement of the chest wall during inspiration and
expiration
✓ - Use of accessory muscles or abdominal muscles or both or
diaphragmatic breathing
✓ - Sucking chest wounds
✓ - Absent or diminished breath sounds
✓ - Administer O2 via NRB or assist ventilations with a bag-mask device,
as indicated
✓ - Anticipate definitive airway management to support ventilation.
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Upon initial assessment, what type of oxygen should be used for a pt
breathing effectively?
✓ ~~> A tight-fitting nonrebreather mask at 12-15 lpm.
What intervention should be done if a pt presents with effective circulation?
✓ ~~> - Insert 2 large caliber IV's
- Administer warmed isotonic crystalloid solution at an appropriate rate
What are signs of ineffective circulation?
✓ ~~> - Tachycardia
- AMS
- Uncontrolled external bleeding
- Pale, cool, moist skin
- Distended or abnormally flattened external jugular veins
- Distant heart sounds
What are the interventions for Effective/Ineffective Circulation?
✓ ~~> - Control any uncontrolled external bleeding by:
- Applying direct pressure over bleeding site
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
- Elevating bleeding extremity
- Applying pressure over arterial pressure points
- Using tourniquet (last resort).
- Cannulate 2 large-caliber IV's and initiate infusions of an isotonic crystalloid
solution
- Use warmed solution
- Use pressure bags to increase speed of IVF infusion
- Use blood administration tubing for possible administration of blood
- Use rapid infusion device based on protocol
- Use NS 0.9% in same tubing as blood product
- IV = surgical cut-down, central line, or both.
- Blood sample to determine ABO and Rh group
- IO in sternum, legs, arms or pelvis
- Administer blood products
- PASG (without interfering with fluid resuscitation)
What are factors that contribute to ineffective ventilation?
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ ~~> - AMS
- LOC
- Neurologic injury
- Spinal Cord Injury
- Intracranial Injury
- Blunt trauma
- Pain caused by rib fractures
- Penetrating Trauma
- Preexisting hx of respiratory diseases
- Increased age
What medications are used during intubation?
✓ ~~> LOAD Mnemonic:
L = Lidocaine
O = Opioids
A = Atropine
D = Defasiculating agents
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
TNCC Written Exam 2024 Questions
and Answer | Latest Update
2024/2025
What are the late signs of breathing compromise?
✓ ~~> - Tracheal deviation
✓ - JVD
What are signs of ineffective breathing?
✓ ~~> - AMS
✓ - Cyanosis, especially around the mouth
✓ - Asymmetric expansion of chest wall
✓ - Paradoxical movement of the chest wall during inspiration and
expiration
✓ - Use of accessory muscles or abdominal muscles or both or
diaphragmatic breathing
✓ - Sucking chest wounds
✓ - Absent or diminished breath sounds
✓ - Administer O2 via NRB or assist ventilations with a bag-mask device,
as indicated
✓ - Anticipate definitive airway management to support ventilation.
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
Upon initial assessment, what type of oxygen should be used for a pt
breathing effectively?
✓ ~~> A tight-fitting nonrebreather mask at 12-15 lpm.
What intervention should be done if a pt presents with effective circulation?
✓ ~~> - Insert 2 large caliber IV's
- Administer warmed isotonic crystalloid solution at an appropriate rate
What are signs of ineffective circulation?
✓ ~~> - Tachycardia
- AMS
- Uncontrolled external bleeding
- Pale, cool, moist skin
- Distended or abnormally flattened external jugular veins
- Distant heart sounds
What are the interventions for Effective/Ineffective Circulation?
✓ ~~> - Control any uncontrolled external bleeding by:
- Applying direct pressure over bleeding site
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
- Elevating bleeding extremity
- Applying pressure over arterial pressure points
- Using tourniquet (last resort).
- Cannulate 2 large-caliber IV's and initiate infusions of an isotonic crystalloid
solution
- Use warmed solution
- Use pressure bags to increase speed of IVF infusion
- Use blood administration tubing for possible administration of blood
- Use rapid infusion device based on protocol
- Use NS 0.9% in same tubing as blood product
- IV = surgical cut-down, central line, or both.
- Blood sample to determine ABO and Rh group
- IO in sternum, legs, arms or pelvis
- Administer blood products
- PASG (without interfering with fluid resuscitation)
What are factors that contribute to ineffective ventilation?
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+
✓ ~~> - AMS
- LOC
- Neurologic injury
- Spinal Cord Injury
- Intracranial Injury
- Blunt trauma
- Pain caused by rib fractures
- Penetrating Trauma
- Preexisting hx of respiratory diseases
- Increased age
What medications are used during intubation?
✓ ~~> LOAD Mnemonic:
L = Lidocaine
O = Opioids
A = Atropine
D = Defasiculating agents
Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update
