SHRM BASK EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.

ADA (U.S. examinees only) Americans with Disabilities Act ADAAA (U.S. examinees only) Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act ADDIE Analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation model; a five-step instructional design framework that guides the design and development of learning programs. ADEA (U.S. examinees only) Age Discrimination in Employment Act ADR Alternative dispute resolution; an umbrella term for the various approaches and techniques (other than litigation) that can be used to resolve a dispute, such as arbitration, conciliation and mediation. analytics Tools that add context or subclassifying comparison groups to data so that the data can be used for decision support. applicant Person who applies for or formally expresses interest in a position. arbitration Method of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) by which disputing parties agree to be bound by the decision of one or more impartial individuals to whom they submit their dispute for final determination. assessment center Process by which job candidates or employees are evaluated to determine suitability and/or readiness for employment, training, promotion or an assignment. ATS Applicant tracking system; a software application that automates organizations' management of the recruiting process, such as accepting application materials and screening applicants. balance sheet Statement of an organization's financial position at a specific point in time, showing assets, liabilities and shareholder equity balanced scorecard Performance management tool that depicts an organization's overall performance as measured against goals, lagging indicators and leading indicators. benchmarking Process by which an organization identifies performance gaps and sets goals for performance improvement by comparing its data, performance levels and/or processes against those of other organizations. benefits Mandatory or voluntary payments or services provided to employees, which typically cover retirement, health care, sick pay/disability, life insurance and paid time off (PTO). BFOQ (U.S. examinees only) Bona fide occupational qualification; a factor (such as gender, religion or age) that is reasonably necessary, in the normal operations of an organization, to carry out a particular job function. bias A partiality or an inclination or predisposition for or against something. business case Tool or document that defines a specific problem, proposes a solution and provides justifications for the proposal in terms of time, cost-efficiency and probability of success. business intelligence Raw data (which may be internal or external to an organization) that is translated into meaningful information for decision-makers to use in taking strategic action. business unit Element or segment of an organization that represents a specific business function, such as accounting, marketing or production; also may be called department, division, group, cost center or functional area. buy-in Process by which a person or group provides a sustained commitment in support of a decision, approach, solution or course of action. candidate experience Perception of a job seeker about an employer based on interaction during the complete recruitment process. career development Progression through a series of employment stages characterized by relatively unique issues, themes and tasks. career mapping Process by which organizations use visual tools or guides to depict prototypical or exemplary career possibilities and paths in terms of sequential positions, roles and stages. career pathing Process by which employers provide employees with a clear outline for moving from a current to a desired position. cash flow statement Statement of an organization's ability to meet its current and short-term obligations by showing incoming and outgoing cash and cash reserves in operations, investments and financing. center of excellence Team or structure that provides expertise, best practices, support and/or knowledge transfer in a focused area. CEO Chief executive officer CFO Chief financial officer change initiative Transition in an organization's technology, culture, or behavior of its employees and managers. change management Principles and practices for managing a change initiative so it is more likely to be accepted and to receive the resources necessary (such as financial, human, physical, etc.) to reshape the organization and its people. CHRO Chief human resource officer coaching Focused, interactive communication and guidance intended to develop and enhance on-the-job performance, knowledge or behavior. COBRA (U.S. examinees only) Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act code of conduct Document that summarizes the standards of business conduct for an organization, such as rules, values, ethical principles and vision. comparable worth Concept that jobs that are primarily filled by women and require skills, effort, responsibility and working conditions comparable to similar jobs primarily filled by men should have the same classifications and salaries. competencies Clusters of highly interrelated attributes, including knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics (KSAOs), that give rise to the behaviors needed to perform a given job effectively. compliance State of being in accordance with all national, federal, regional and/or local laws, regulations, and/or other government authorities and requirements applicable to the places in which an organization operates. conciliation Method of nonbinding alternative dispute resolution (ADR) by which a neutral third party tries to help disputing parties reach a mutually agreeable decision, such as mediation. conflict of interest Situation in which a person or organization may potentially benefit, either directly or indirectly, from undue influence due to involvement in outside activities, relationships or investments that conflict with or have an impact on the employment relationship or its outcomes. COO Chief operating officer cost-benefit analysis Approach to determining the financial impact of an organization's activities and programs on profitability by comparing value created against the cost of creating that value. critical path Amount of time needed to complete all required elements or components of a task, which is determined by taking into account all project-task relationships. CSR Corporate social responsibility; an organization's commitment to operate ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local and global community. culture Basic beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors and customs shared and followed by members of a group, which give rise to the group's sense of identity. diversity The differences between individuals on any attribute that may lead to the perception that another person is different from the self. due diligence Requirement to thoroughly investigate an action before it is taken through diligent research and evaluation. EAP Employee assistance program EEOC (U.S. examinees only) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission e-learning Electronic media delivery of educational and training materials, processes and programs. emotional intelligence Ability to be aware of, control and express one's emotions and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically. employee engagement Employees' emotional commitment to an organization, which is demonstrated by their willingness to put in discretionary effort to promote the organization's effective functioning. employee experience Sum of all touchpoints an employee has with an employer, including those related to an employee's role, workspace, manager and well-being. employee surveys Instruments that collect and assess information on employees' attitudes and perceptions of the work environment or employment conditions, such as engagement or job satisfaction. employees Individuals who exchange their work for wages or salary. EPA(U.S. examinees only) Equal Pay Act equality Equal treatment of individuals and groups. equity A relative form of equality that takes into consideration the needs and characteristics of the individuals, the context of the situation, and circumstances that result in disparate outcomes. ERISA(U.S. examinees only) Employee Retirement Income Security Act ethics Set of behavioral guidelines that an organization expects employees at all levels to follow to ensure appropriate moral and ethical business standards. evidence-based Approach to evaluation and decision-making that utilizes data and research findings to drive business outcomes. EVP Employee value proposition; employees' perceived value of the total rewards and tangible and intangible benefits they receive from the organization as part of employment, which drives unique and compelling organizational strategies for talent acquisition, retention and engagement. exit interview Meeting held with an employee who is about to leave an organization, typically to discuss the employee's reasons for leaving and the employee's experience of working for the organization. FCRA (U.S. examinees only) Fair Credit Reporting Act FLSA(U.S. examinees only) Fair Labor Standards Act FMLA(U.S. examinees only) Family and Medical Leave Act focus group Small group of invited individuals (typically six to 12 people) who actively participate in a structured discussion in which a facilitator elicits input on a specific product, process, policy or program. gap analysis Method of assessing a current state to determine what is needed to move to a desired future state. gig economy Free market system in which temporary positions are common and organizations hire independent workers for short-term commitments instead of full-time employees. GINA (U.S. examinees only) Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act globalization Status of growing interconnectedness and interdependency among countries, people, markets and organizations worldwide. governance System of rules and processes set up by an organization to ensure its compliance with local and international laws, accounting rules, ethical norms, internal codes of conduct, and other standards. hazard Potential harm that is often associated with a condition or activity that, if left uncontrolled, can result in injury or damage to people or property. HIPAA(U.S. examinees only) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act HR Human resources HR service model Approach to structuring and delivering an organization's HR services to support organizational success. HRBP HR business partner; an HR professional who advises an organization's leaders in developing and implementing a human capital strategy that closely aligns with overall organizational mission, vision and goals. HRIS Human resource information system used for gathering, storing, maintaining, retrieving, revising and reporting relevant HR data. HRM Human resource management inclusion Extent to which each person in an organization is and feels welcomed, respected, supported and valued as a team member. individual development plan Document that guides employees toward their goals for professional development and growth. information management Use of technology to collect, process and condense information for the purpose of managing the information efficiently as an organizational resource. integrity Adherence to a set of ethical standards that reflect strong moral principles, honesty and consistency in behavior. IT Information technology job analysis Process of systematically studying a job to identify the activities/tasks and responsibilities it includes, the personal qualifications necessary to perform it, and the conditions under which it is performed. job description Document that describes a job and its essential functions and requirements, such as knowledge, skills, abilities, tasks, reporting structure and responsibilities. job enlargement Process of broadening a job's scope by adding different tasks to the job. job enrichment Process of increasing a job's depth by adding responsibilities to the job. job evaluation Process of determining a job's value and price to attract and retain employees by comparing the job against other jobs within the organization or against similar jobs in competing organizations. KPI Key performance indicator; a quantifiable measure of performance that gauges an organization's progress toward strategic objectives or other agreed-upon performance standards. KSAOs Knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics. labor union Group of workers who formally organize and coordinate their activities to achieve common goals in their relationship with an employer or group of employers, such as a trade union. lagging indicator Type of metric describing an activity or change in performance that has already occurred. leadership Ability to influence, guide, inspire or motivate a group or person to achieve their goals leadership development Interventions designed to help an individual gain the knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics (KSAOs) needed to engage with people and persuade them to work toward a vision or goal. leading indicator Type of metric describing an activity that can change future performance and predict success in the achievement of strategic goals. liabilities Organization's debts and other financial obligations. LMRA(U.S. examinees only) Labor Management Relations Act M&A Merger and acquisition; a process by which two separate organizations combine, either by joining together as relative equals (merger) or by one procuring the other (acquisition). manager development Interventions designed to help an individual gain the knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics (KSAOs) required to manage people and resources to deliver a product or service. measurement Process of collecting, quantifying and evaluating data. See 70 more Add or remove terms Choose a s