N444 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
What is the leading determinant of a patient's health?
a. Behavior
b. Family history of disease
c. Home and work environment
d. Type and quality of medical care received ✅A
In identifying patients at the greatest risk for health disparities, the nurse would note
that:
a. patients who live in urban areas have readily available access to health care
services.
b. cultural differences exist in patients' ability to communicate with their health care
provider.
c. a patient receiving care from a health care provider of a different culture would have
decreased quality of care.
d. men are more likely than women to have their cardiovascular disease symptoms
ignored by their health care provider. ✅B
Forcing one's own cultural beliefs and practices on another person is an example of:
a. stereotyping.
b. ethnocentrism.
c. cultural relativity.
d. cultural imposition. ✅D
Which statement most accurately describes cultural factors that may affect health?
a. Diabetes and cancer rates differ by cultural/ethnic groups.
b. Most patients find that religious rituals help them during times of illness.
c. There are limited ethnic variations in physiologic responses to medications.
d. Silence during a nurse-patient interaction usually means that the patient understands
the instructions. ✅A
When communicating with a patient who speaks a language that the nurse does not
understand, it is important to first attempt to
a. have a family member translate.
b. use a trained medical interpreter.
c. use specific medical terminology so there will be no mistakes.
d. focus on the translation rather than nonverbal communication. ✅B
As part of the nursing process, cultural assessment is best accomplished by
a. judging the patient's cultural values based on observations.
b. using a cultural assessment guide as part of the nursing process.
,c. seeking guidance from a nurse from the patient's cultural background.
d. relying on the nurse's previous experience with patients from that cultural group. ✅B
Nurses play an important role in reducing health disparities. One important mechanism
to do this is to
a. discourage use of evidence-based practice guidelines.
b. insist that patients adhere to the Healthy People 2020 guidelines.
c. teach patients to use the Internet to find resources related to their health.
d. engage in active listening and establish relationships with patients and families. ✅D
What is the first step in developing cultural competence?
a. Create opportunities to interact with a variety of cultural groups.
b. Examine the nurse's own cultural background, values, and beliefs about health and
health care.
c. Learn about a multitude of folk medicines and herbal substances that different
cultures use for self-care.
d. Learn assessment skills for different cultural groups, including cultural beliefs and
practices and physical assessments. ✅B
Which individual is most likely to experience health care disparities?
A. A 65-year-old upper class Hispanic male living in the city
B. A 78-year-old Native American male living on a reservation
C. A 50-year-old middle-class white female living in a rural area
D. A 72-year-old African American retired attorney living in a condo ✅B
Being older, being a minority, living in a rural area, and being of male gender are risk
factors for experiencing health care disparities.
The nurse identifies a patient at high risk for health care disparities. What should be
included as important nursing interventions to reduce health care disparities? (Select all
that apply.)
A. Passive listening
B. Relationship building
C. Taking foreign language classes
D. Participating in cross-cultural education
E. Using standardized evidence-based guidelines ✅B, D, and E
Improving interpersonal skills, an important first step in reducing health care disparities,
includes active listening, relationship building, and communication skills. Participating in
cross-cultural education enhances cultural sensitivity and appropriate provision of health
care. The use of standardized evidence-based care guidelines can reduce disparities in
diagnosis and treatments.
When obtaining an admission history on a Mexican American older male patient, which
cultural value would the nurse recognize as most likely to be important to this patient?
A. Patriarchal
, B. Self-reliance
C. Science-based
D. Harmony with nature ✅A
Mexican American patients value cultural foods, folk healing, extended family, the
patriarch, religion, and respect for elders and authority.
Culturally competent nursing care for a Jewish patient would include which diet?
A. Kosher
B. Vegetarian
C. Word of wisdom
D. Low carbohydrate ✅A
Patients observing dietary laws of Judaism will only eat certain foods and drinks that are
designated as kosher, which means "pure." For example, all animals must be ritually
slaughtered.
Which nursing action is most indicative of stereotyping?
A. The nurse advocates for bronchodilators to be prescribed for all newly admitted
African American patients.
B. The nurse helps a recent immigrant to explore ways to pay for her newly prescribed
antihypertensive medications.
C. The nurse prioritizes the assessment of obesity when providing care for African
American and Mexican American women.
D. The nurse arranges for translation services to be provided for a patient who has
recently emigrated from Sri Lanka and does not speak English. ✅A
Stereotyping is considered to be the act of treating all members of a particular race,
culture, or ethnic group alike. Although the prevalence and incidence of asthma is
indeed high among African Americans, it would be simplistic and inappropriate to
provide asthma medications to all members of this group. Assessing a patient's ability to
pay for medications and assessing for health problems that are common among
particular genders and groups are both appropriate nursing actions that are reflective of
recognized health disparities. Arranging for translation services for a patient who does
not speak English is appropriate and justified.
The nurse is performing an assessment of a 78-year-old Chinese American woman who
wears a jade bracelet on her left wrist. The nurse asks the patient about the significance
of the bracelet and whether it can be removed prior to the patient's scheduled diagnostic
procedure. What has the nurse demonstrated?
A. Diversity
B. Stereotyping
C. Ethnocentrism
D. Cultural competence ✅D
SOLUTIONS
What is the leading determinant of a patient's health?
a. Behavior
b. Family history of disease
c. Home and work environment
d. Type and quality of medical care received ✅A
In identifying patients at the greatest risk for health disparities, the nurse would note
that:
a. patients who live in urban areas have readily available access to health care
services.
b. cultural differences exist in patients' ability to communicate with their health care
provider.
c. a patient receiving care from a health care provider of a different culture would have
decreased quality of care.
d. men are more likely than women to have their cardiovascular disease symptoms
ignored by their health care provider. ✅B
Forcing one's own cultural beliefs and practices on another person is an example of:
a. stereotyping.
b. ethnocentrism.
c. cultural relativity.
d. cultural imposition. ✅D
Which statement most accurately describes cultural factors that may affect health?
a. Diabetes and cancer rates differ by cultural/ethnic groups.
b. Most patients find that religious rituals help them during times of illness.
c. There are limited ethnic variations in physiologic responses to medications.
d. Silence during a nurse-patient interaction usually means that the patient understands
the instructions. ✅A
When communicating with a patient who speaks a language that the nurse does not
understand, it is important to first attempt to
a. have a family member translate.
b. use a trained medical interpreter.
c. use specific medical terminology so there will be no mistakes.
d. focus on the translation rather than nonverbal communication. ✅B
As part of the nursing process, cultural assessment is best accomplished by
a. judging the patient's cultural values based on observations.
b. using a cultural assessment guide as part of the nursing process.
,c. seeking guidance from a nurse from the patient's cultural background.
d. relying on the nurse's previous experience with patients from that cultural group. ✅B
Nurses play an important role in reducing health disparities. One important mechanism
to do this is to
a. discourage use of evidence-based practice guidelines.
b. insist that patients adhere to the Healthy People 2020 guidelines.
c. teach patients to use the Internet to find resources related to their health.
d. engage in active listening and establish relationships with patients and families. ✅D
What is the first step in developing cultural competence?
a. Create opportunities to interact with a variety of cultural groups.
b. Examine the nurse's own cultural background, values, and beliefs about health and
health care.
c. Learn about a multitude of folk medicines and herbal substances that different
cultures use for self-care.
d. Learn assessment skills for different cultural groups, including cultural beliefs and
practices and physical assessments. ✅B
Which individual is most likely to experience health care disparities?
A. A 65-year-old upper class Hispanic male living in the city
B. A 78-year-old Native American male living on a reservation
C. A 50-year-old middle-class white female living in a rural area
D. A 72-year-old African American retired attorney living in a condo ✅B
Being older, being a minority, living in a rural area, and being of male gender are risk
factors for experiencing health care disparities.
The nurse identifies a patient at high risk for health care disparities. What should be
included as important nursing interventions to reduce health care disparities? (Select all
that apply.)
A. Passive listening
B. Relationship building
C. Taking foreign language classes
D. Participating in cross-cultural education
E. Using standardized evidence-based guidelines ✅B, D, and E
Improving interpersonal skills, an important first step in reducing health care disparities,
includes active listening, relationship building, and communication skills. Participating in
cross-cultural education enhances cultural sensitivity and appropriate provision of health
care. The use of standardized evidence-based care guidelines can reduce disparities in
diagnosis and treatments.
When obtaining an admission history on a Mexican American older male patient, which
cultural value would the nurse recognize as most likely to be important to this patient?
A. Patriarchal
, B. Self-reliance
C. Science-based
D. Harmony with nature ✅A
Mexican American patients value cultural foods, folk healing, extended family, the
patriarch, religion, and respect for elders and authority.
Culturally competent nursing care for a Jewish patient would include which diet?
A. Kosher
B. Vegetarian
C. Word of wisdom
D. Low carbohydrate ✅A
Patients observing dietary laws of Judaism will only eat certain foods and drinks that are
designated as kosher, which means "pure." For example, all animals must be ritually
slaughtered.
Which nursing action is most indicative of stereotyping?
A. The nurse advocates for bronchodilators to be prescribed for all newly admitted
African American patients.
B. The nurse helps a recent immigrant to explore ways to pay for her newly prescribed
antihypertensive medications.
C. The nurse prioritizes the assessment of obesity when providing care for African
American and Mexican American women.
D. The nurse arranges for translation services to be provided for a patient who has
recently emigrated from Sri Lanka and does not speak English. ✅A
Stereotyping is considered to be the act of treating all members of a particular race,
culture, or ethnic group alike. Although the prevalence and incidence of asthma is
indeed high among African Americans, it would be simplistic and inappropriate to
provide asthma medications to all members of this group. Assessing a patient's ability to
pay for medications and assessing for health problems that are common among
particular genders and groups are both appropriate nursing actions that are reflective of
recognized health disparities. Arranging for translation services for a patient who does
not speak English is appropriate and justified.
The nurse is performing an assessment of a 78-year-old Chinese American woman who
wears a jade bracelet on her left wrist. The nurse asks the patient about the significance
of the bracelet and whether it can be removed prior to the patient's scheduled diagnostic
procedure. What has the nurse demonstrated?
A. Diversity
B. Stereotyping
C. Ethnocentrism
D. Cultural competence ✅D
