PSY 252 ABNORMAL CH 4-6 EXAM LATEST
UPDATED
Why is Psychopathology a challenging subject to study? - ANSWER 1. Human
nature is complex
2. Cannot get into people's minds
The What, Why, and How of research - ANSWER What:
Do problems cause distress & impaired functioning? (Nature of problem)
Why:
do people behave in unusual ways? (ETIOLOGY)
How:
do we help them behave in more adaptive ways (treatment of problems)
In research, you must start with what? - ANSWER Testable hypotheses
Define Research design - ANSWER Method of testing hypotheses
What are the two types of variables? - ANSWER Independent and dependent
Define independent variable - ANSWER Manipulated variable (cause)
Define dependent variable - ANSWER Measured (effect)
Define Internal validity - ANSWER Extent to which results of the study are due to
the independent variable
Confident that the researches manipulation led to the end result
Define External validity - ANSWER Extent to which results of study are
generalizable to population of interest
Define Confounds - ANSWER Variables that are not part of the intended research
,design that may contribute to changes in the dependent variable
Tons of things Ex. age, sleep
Sometimes it is outside factors that lead to results
Define control group - ANSWER Can be away to weed out confounds and they
should be very similar other then for example did they get the drug or not
Define Randomization - ANSWER best way to assign control group people get
randomly placed in groups
Define Statistical significance - ANSWER Are results due to chance?
Define Clinical significance - ANSWER Are results clinically meaningful & likely
to make a real difference in people's lives?
What is Evaluating Effect Size - ANSWER How large are differences between
groups?
What is Evaluating Social Validity - ANSWER Do participants & their families
feel that important, lasting changes have occurred due to treatment?
Patient uniformity myth - ANSWER Researchers sometimes mistakenly see all
participants as one homogenous group
Case Study Method - ANSWER Extensive observation & detailed description of a
single client
Correlation research - ANSWER Assesses degree to which levels of certain
variables are linked to levels of other variables
What is the Nature of correlation - ANSWER Statistical relation between two or
more variables
No independent variable is manipulated
Range from -1.0 to +1.0
Epidemiological research - ANSWER Type of correlation research
Study of the incidence, distribution, & consequences of particular prob;em or set of
problems in one or more populations
, Often involves surveying large groups of people to get picture of the whole
population
Experimental research - ANSWER Attempts to determine causal relationships
Manipulate independent variable
Observe effects on dependent variable
Internal validity is prioritized
Clinical trials - ANSWER Experiment designed to evaluate effectiveness & safety
of a treatment
Randomized controlled trial (RCT) is preferred method
Randomized groups
Can me more then one control group
Control group - ANSWER Provides a comparison point
Often matched to demographic of experimental group
Placebo control group - ANSWER Some participants are given an inactive
treatment
Placebo effect: something changes simply because participent expects change to
occur
Double-blind - ANSWER Participants & assessors are unaware of what kind of
treatment participants are getting
Comparative treatment research - ANSWER As an alternative to using control
group, sometimes researchers compared the results of different treatments
Cross-sectional design - ANSWER Study people of different ages
UPDATED
Why is Psychopathology a challenging subject to study? - ANSWER 1. Human
nature is complex
2. Cannot get into people's minds
The What, Why, and How of research - ANSWER What:
Do problems cause distress & impaired functioning? (Nature of problem)
Why:
do people behave in unusual ways? (ETIOLOGY)
How:
do we help them behave in more adaptive ways (treatment of problems)
In research, you must start with what? - ANSWER Testable hypotheses
Define Research design - ANSWER Method of testing hypotheses
What are the two types of variables? - ANSWER Independent and dependent
Define independent variable - ANSWER Manipulated variable (cause)
Define dependent variable - ANSWER Measured (effect)
Define Internal validity - ANSWER Extent to which results of the study are due to
the independent variable
Confident that the researches manipulation led to the end result
Define External validity - ANSWER Extent to which results of study are
generalizable to population of interest
Define Confounds - ANSWER Variables that are not part of the intended research
,design that may contribute to changes in the dependent variable
Tons of things Ex. age, sleep
Sometimes it is outside factors that lead to results
Define control group - ANSWER Can be away to weed out confounds and they
should be very similar other then for example did they get the drug or not
Define Randomization - ANSWER best way to assign control group people get
randomly placed in groups
Define Statistical significance - ANSWER Are results due to chance?
Define Clinical significance - ANSWER Are results clinically meaningful & likely
to make a real difference in people's lives?
What is Evaluating Effect Size - ANSWER How large are differences between
groups?
What is Evaluating Social Validity - ANSWER Do participants & their families
feel that important, lasting changes have occurred due to treatment?
Patient uniformity myth - ANSWER Researchers sometimes mistakenly see all
participants as one homogenous group
Case Study Method - ANSWER Extensive observation & detailed description of a
single client
Correlation research - ANSWER Assesses degree to which levels of certain
variables are linked to levels of other variables
What is the Nature of correlation - ANSWER Statistical relation between two or
more variables
No independent variable is manipulated
Range from -1.0 to +1.0
Epidemiological research - ANSWER Type of correlation research
Study of the incidence, distribution, & consequences of particular prob;em or set of
problems in one or more populations
, Often involves surveying large groups of people to get picture of the whole
population
Experimental research - ANSWER Attempts to determine causal relationships
Manipulate independent variable
Observe effects on dependent variable
Internal validity is prioritized
Clinical trials - ANSWER Experiment designed to evaluate effectiveness & safety
of a treatment
Randomized controlled trial (RCT) is preferred method
Randomized groups
Can me more then one control group
Control group - ANSWER Provides a comparison point
Often matched to demographic of experimental group
Placebo control group - ANSWER Some participants are given an inactive
treatment
Placebo effect: something changes simply because participent expects change to
occur
Double-blind - ANSWER Participants & assessors are unaware of what kind of
treatment participants are getting
Comparative treatment research - ANSWER As an alternative to using control
group, sometimes researchers compared the results of different treatments
Cross-sectional design - ANSWER Study people of different ages
