AP Biology Exam Review Exam with Complete Solutions
mitosis Correct answer-part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus
divides
cytokinesis Correct answer-division of the cytoplasm during cell division
chromatids Correct answer-one of the two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated
chromosome
centromeres Correct answer-area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
interphase Correct answer-period of the cell cycle between cell division
cell cycle Correct answer-series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
prophase Correct answer-first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the
chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the cell's
DNA
centrioles Correct answer-one of the two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of
animal cels near the nuclear envelope
spindle Correct answer-fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the
chromosomes during mitosis
,AP Biology Exam Review Exam with Complete Solutions
metaphase Correct answer-second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line
up across the center of the cell
anaphase Correct answer-the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs
separate and move toward opposite poles
telophase Correct answer-fourth and final phase of mitosis, during which the
chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material
cyclin Correct answer-one of a family of closely related proteins that regulate the cell
cycle in eukaryotic cells
cancer Correct answer-disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to
control growth
genetics Correct answer-scientific study of heredity
fertilization Correct answer-process in sexual reproduction in which male and female
reproductive cells join to form a new cell
true-breeding Correct answer-term used to describe organisms that produce offspring
identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
,AP Biology Exam Review Exam with Complete Solutions
trait Correct answer-specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
hybrids Correct answer-offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
genes Correct answer-sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a
trait
alleles Correct answer-one of a number of different forms of a gene
segregation Correct answer-separation of alleles during gamete formation
gametes Correct answer-specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
probability Correct answer-likelihood that a particular event will occur
punnett square Correct answer-diagram showing the gene combinations that might
result from a genetic cross
homozygous Correct answer-term used to refer to an organism that has two identical
alleles for a particular trait
, AP Biology Exam Review Exam with Complete Solutions
heterozygous Correct answer-term used to refer to an organism that has two different
alleles for the same trait
phenotype Correct answer-physical characteristics of an organism
genotype Correct answer-genetic makeup of an organism
independent assortment Correct answer-independent segregation of genes during the
formation of gametes
incomplete dominance Correct answer-situation in which one allele is not completely
dominant over another
codominance Correct answer-situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the
phenotype of the organism
multiple alleles Correct answer-three or more alleles of the same gene
polygenic traits Correct answer-trait controlled by two or more genes
homologous Correct answer-term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a
corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent
mitosis Correct answer-part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus
divides
cytokinesis Correct answer-division of the cytoplasm during cell division
chromatids Correct answer-one of the two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated
chromosome
centromeres Correct answer-area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
interphase Correct answer-period of the cell cycle between cell division
cell cycle Correct answer-series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
prophase Correct answer-first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the
chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the cell's
DNA
centrioles Correct answer-one of the two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of
animal cels near the nuclear envelope
spindle Correct answer-fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the
chromosomes during mitosis
,AP Biology Exam Review Exam with Complete Solutions
metaphase Correct answer-second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line
up across the center of the cell
anaphase Correct answer-the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs
separate and move toward opposite poles
telophase Correct answer-fourth and final phase of mitosis, during which the
chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material
cyclin Correct answer-one of a family of closely related proteins that regulate the cell
cycle in eukaryotic cells
cancer Correct answer-disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to
control growth
genetics Correct answer-scientific study of heredity
fertilization Correct answer-process in sexual reproduction in which male and female
reproductive cells join to form a new cell
true-breeding Correct answer-term used to describe organisms that produce offspring
identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate
,AP Biology Exam Review Exam with Complete Solutions
trait Correct answer-specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
hybrids Correct answer-offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
genes Correct answer-sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a
trait
alleles Correct answer-one of a number of different forms of a gene
segregation Correct answer-separation of alleles during gamete formation
gametes Correct answer-specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
probability Correct answer-likelihood that a particular event will occur
punnett square Correct answer-diagram showing the gene combinations that might
result from a genetic cross
homozygous Correct answer-term used to refer to an organism that has two identical
alleles for a particular trait
, AP Biology Exam Review Exam with Complete Solutions
heterozygous Correct answer-term used to refer to an organism that has two different
alleles for the same trait
phenotype Correct answer-physical characteristics of an organism
genotype Correct answer-genetic makeup of an organism
independent assortment Correct answer-independent segregation of genes during the
formation of gametes
incomplete dominance Correct answer-situation in which one allele is not completely
dominant over another
codominance Correct answer-situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the
phenotype of the organism
multiple alleles Correct answer-three or more alleles of the same gene
polygenic traits Correct answer-trait controlled by two or more genes
homologous Correct answer-term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a
corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent
