CLIA Exam Questions With Verified Answers.

CLIA Exam Questions With Verified Answers. Laboratory test - answerThe clinical analysis and study of materials, fluids, or tissues obtained from patients to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Laboratory test categories - answerHematology, clinical chemistry, immunology and blood banking, urinalysis, microbiology, parasitology, cytology, and histology. The medical assistant should have knowledge of the laboratory tests that are performed most often including what? - answerThe purpose of the test, reference range for each test, any advance patient preparation for special instructions, and any substances that might interfere with accurate test results, such as food or medication. Hematology - answerExamination of blood for detection of abnormalities and includes areas such as blood cell counts, cellular morphology, clotting ability of blood, and identification of cell types. Immunology and blood banking - answerDeals with studying antigen-antibody reactions to assess the presence of a substance or to determine the presence of a disease. Immunology: HIV, hepatitis, pregnancy , mononucleosis Blood banking: ABO blood typing, Rh typing, Rh antibody test Clinical chemistry - answerDetermines the amount of chemical substances present in body fluids, excreta, and tissues. The largest area in clinical chemistry is blood chemistry. Ex: albumin, Amylase, glucose, sodium, triglycerides, uric acid, calcium, carbonic dioxide, cholesterol, cortisol, blood alcohol. Microbiology - answerDeals with identification of pathogens present in specimens taken from the body. Examples of infectious disease diagnosed through identification of pathogens present in the specimen includes: candidiasis, chlamydia, diphtheria, gonorrhea, meningitis, pneumonia, tetanus. Urinalysis - answerInvolves the physical, chemical, and microscopic analysis of urine. Physical: color, appearance, specific gravity. Chemical: glucose, blood, pH, protein, etc. Microscopic: RBCs , WBCs, epithelial cells , crystals, etc. Cytology - answerDeals with detection of the presence of abnormal cells. Includes chromosome studies and Pap test. Parasitology - answerDeals with detection of the presence of disease producing human parasites or eggs present in specimens taken from the body. Ex: Hookworms, malaria, pinworms, scabies, tapeworms, trichomoniasis, etc. Histology - answerDeals with the detection of deceased tissues. Includes biopsy studies and tissue analyses. What are the five purposes of laboratory testing? - answerTo assist in the diagnosis of pathologic conditions. To evaluate the patient's progress and to regulate treatments. To establish a baseline level. To prevent or reduce the severity of disease. To comply with state laws. Along with the health history and the physical examination, laboratory test results provide the physician with: - answerEssential data needed to arrive at a diagnosis and prescribe treatment. Why may a physician order laboratory tests? (3) - answerTo confirm a clinical diagnosis. To assist in the differential diagnosis of a patient's condition. To obtain information regarding a patient's condition when not enough concrete evidence exists to support a clinical diagnosis. What laboratory tests should a patient undergoing iron therapy for iron deficiency anemia be tested for and how often? - answerCBC should be performed every month to assess the response to treatment and to ensure that the condition is improving.