factors that affect hgb saturation
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- carbon dioxide
- acid: reduced affinity for O2 in presence of acid
- Bohr effect
- temperature: heat enhances O2 release from hgb
- 2,3-Biphosphoglycerate (BPG): increases chronically undersaturated hgb
,hering-breuer reflex
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pulmonary stretch receptors inhibit inspiratory neurons to prevent over-
inflation
apneustic center
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unsure of actual function; prevents inspiratory neurons from being switched
off; normally overridden by pneumotaxic center
obstructive lung disease
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difficulty emptying lungs; FRC and RV are elevated; VC is reduced; FEV1 is
reduced (less than 80% of VC)
lungs are never completely deflated even with max forced exhalation. true or false
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, TRUE
pulmonary fibrosis
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scar-forming fibrous tissue replaces healthy tissue
internal respiration
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gas exchange between the tissues and the blood; at the tissue bed
medullary respiratory center
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- dorsal respiratory group (DRG): inspiratory neurons, on all the time
- ventral respiratory group (VRG): inspiratory and expiratory neurons;
inactive during quiet breathing, active when exercising
transmural gradients
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, aid in holding lungs in close apposition to thoracic cavity
minute ventilation
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TV x respiratory rate; volume of air breathed in and out in one minute
newborn respiratory distress syndrome
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premature infants may not have enough surfactant; alveoli tend to collapse
with each exhale; requires strenuous effort to re-inflate alveoli each
subsequent inhalation; results in infant death bc of the work required to
breathe
gas exchange
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between air and blood; across the "respiratory membrane"
asthma
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Give this one a try later!
- carbon dioxide
- acid: reduced affinity for O2 in presence of acid
- Bohr effect
- temperature: heat enhances O2 release from hgb
- 2,3-Biphosphoglycerate (BPG): increases chronically undersaturated hgb
,hering-breuer reflex
Give this one a try later!
pulmonary stretch receptors inhibit inspiratory neurons to prevent over-
inflation
apneustic center
Give this one a try later!
unsure of actual function; prevents inspiratory neurons from being switched
off; normally overridden by pneumotaxic center
obstructive lung disease
Give this one a try later!
difficulty emptying lungs; FRC and RV are elevated; VC is reduced; FEV1 is
reduced (less than 80% of VC)
lungs are never completely deflated even with max forced exhalation. true or false
Give this one a try later!
, TRUE
pulmonary fibrosis
Give this one a try later!
scar-forming fibrous tissue replaces healthy tissue
internal respiration
Give this one a try later!
gas exchange between the tissues and the blood; at the tissue bed
medullary respiratory center
Give this one a try later!
- dorsal respiratory group (DRG): inspiratory neurons, on all the time
- ventral respiratory group (VRG): inspiratory and expiratory neurons;
inactive during quiet breathing, active when exercising
transmural gradients
Give this one a try later!
, aid in holding lungs in close apposition to thoracic cavity
minute ventilation
Give this one a try later!
TV x respiratory rate; volume of air breathed in and out in one minute
newborn respiratory distress syndrome
Give this one a try later!
premature infants may not have enough surfactant; alveoli tend to collapse
with each exhale; requires strenuous effort to re-inflate alveoli each
subsequent inhalation; results in infant death bc of the work required to
breathe
gas exchange
Give this one a try later!
between air and blood; across the "respiratory membrane"
asthma
Give this one a try later!
