Med- Surg EAQs with Verified Solutions

Med- Surg EAQs with Verified Solutions A client is admitted to the hospital with atrial fibrillation. A diagnosis of mitral valve stenosis is suspected. The nurse concludes that it is most significant if the client presents with what history? - ️️ -*Streptococcal infections occurring in childhood* may result in damage to heart valves, particularly the mitral valve. Group A streptococcal antigens bind to receptors on heart cells, where an autoimmune response is triggered damaging the heart. A client is in profound (late) hypovolemic shock. The nurse assesses the client's laboratory values. What does the nurse know that clients in late shock develop? - ️️ -Decreased oxygen increases the conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid, resulting in *metabolic acidosis*. Hyperkalemia will occur because of renal shutdown. In late shock metabolic or respiratory acidosis occurs. The Pco2 level will increase in profound shock. An older client who lives alone was found unconscious on the floor at home. The client was admitted to the hospital with the diagnoses of a fractured hip, kidney failure, and dehydration. In the 24 hours since admission, the client received 1500 mL of intravenous fluid, and the serum electrolyte value demonstrates hyponatremia. What would the nurse concludes was the element that most likely contributed to the hyponatremia? - ️️ -*Fluid intake* Hemodilution has occurred because the 1500 mL of intravenous fluid has lowered the serum sodium level. A client develops internal bleeding after abdominal surgery. Which signs and symptoms of hemorrhage should the nurse expect the client to exhib