Aquifer Case 1 with perfect answers 2024

When is someone at increased risk of breast cancer based on family history? correct answersIf a first degree relative has breast cancer (parent or sibling) Are breast self exams recommended? correct answersNo, they increase the number of biopsies. USPSTF recommendations on clinical breast exams correct answersEvery 3 years for women in 20's and 30's. Every year for women > 40 Not a recommended screening test but important in a patient with symptoms Keys to good breast exam correct answersVisual inspection: symmetry, skin changes (redness, retractions, dimpling), nipple Palpation: with hands over head (flatten tissue onto chest wall) - use vertical strip pattern w finger pads of three middle fingers; also axillary and supraclavicular node regions How do you accentuate retraction/ dimpling of breast correct answersAsk woman to raise arm over head How to lubricate speculum correct answersWarm tap water or thin layer of gel avoiding the end of speculum (gel may interfere with cytology) Is bimanual exam used to screen for ovarian cancer correct answersNo. But the technique should be used for symptomatic patients Pap smear recommendations for cervical cancer screening in normal adults correct answers21: first pap 21-29: every three years 30-65: every 5 years with HPV co-testing (*best*) or every 3 years with cytology alone Who needs more frequent pap smear testing? correct answers1. Immunocompromised 2. HIV positive 3. History of CIN II or III 4. History of cervical cancer 5. Exposure to DES in utero DES correct answersNon steroidal estrogen that was given to pregnant women to prevent miscarriages. Dc'd in 1971.