DAANCE STUDY QUESTIONS With Verified Answers

DAANCE STUDY QUESTIONS With Verified Answers What consists of the upper airway? - answerNose/nasal passages, sinuses, pharynx What consists of the lower airway? - answerLarynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, pulmonary alveoli What is the most severe type of allergic reaction? - answerImmediate hypersensitivity response that involves antigen-antibody reactions (IgE) What is the largest gland in the body? - answerLiver What age group of patients will hypoxia occur much more rapidly in? Bradycardia is a sign relating to hypoxia - answerPediatric patients What does HIPAA stand for? - answerHealth Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) A decrease in blood flow in the coronary arteries? Can temporarily or permanently damage the heart muscle by decreasing O2 available to the muscle cells? - answerIschemia If a cardiac patient just had stent placement, how long are they required to be on antiplatelet drugs? What are the 2 drugs they usually do together? - answer1 year- Plavix & Aspirin Type of infection that can further damage heart valves or cause systemic infections? Requires antibiotic prophylaxis - answerSubacute Bacterial Endocarditis (SBE) aka infectious endocarditis Atrial depolarization (contraction) - answerP wave Ventricular depolarization - answerQRS complex Ventricular repolarization (relaxation) - answerT wave Type of disease due to excessive secretion of corticosteroid due to a presence of a tumor or from administration of high doses of corticosteriod drugs (ex: Prednisone) - answerCushing's disease Chronic long-term hypothyroidism, most commonly seen in older adults (elderly women) who have had a stroke or stopped taking their thyroid medication - answerMyxedema Most severe complication of hyperthyroidism from an OMS perspective - answerThyroid crisis Untreated __________ are at an increased risk for outpatient anesthesia and tend to be sensitive to epinephrine in a local anesthetic - answerHyperthyroidism Insulin-dependent - answerDiabetes Type 1 Non-insulin dependent - answerDiabetes Type 2 Elevated level of several liver enzymes and bilirubin is often termed? - answerElevated LFTs (Liver function tests) What gender is Propofol more rapidly redistributed in and require 10-15% larger dose? - answerWomen What age group would Propofol redistribute very rapidly, and require at least 50% increase in drug dose? - answerChildren What is a complication of N2O rapidly moving from blood to alveoli of lungs, and displaces other gases, including O2 - answerDiffusion hypoxia Patient is not aroused, even during painful stimulation. Required airway intervention & cardiovascular function is impaired - answerGeneral anesthesia Can't be easily aroused, purposeful response to pain, and requires airway assistance - answerDeep sedation/analgesia Response to verbal or light tactile touch with no compromise of airway - answerModerate sedation (conscious sedation) Normal response to verbal stimulation with airway reflexes, ventiliation & cardiovascular functions are unaffected - answerMinimal sedation (anxiolysis) What drugs are given for minimal sedation (anxiolysis) - answerValium or Versed Anesthesia that relies on the use of several agents together to benefit from each other. Using each drug at a smaller dose than required if it were being used alone - answerBalanced anesthesia Maximum does of Epi for a healthy patient? - answer0.2 mg What is the treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia? - answer100% O2, Dantrolene (2.5 mg/kg) and IV cold saline (NOT Ringer's) What emergency would a beta blocker be given? - answerHypertension What is the maximum dose of Epi for a patient with cardiovascular disease? - answer0.04 mg