DANB RHS Study Guide exam with correct answers 2024.

A step wedge can be used to demonstrate A. penumbra B. film contrast C. magnification of image D. film composition - answer-B On a radiograph, what is the dense radiopaque band that outlines the edge of the mandible? A. Mylohyoid ridge B. Inferior border C. Mental protuberance D. Oblique ridge - answer-B Which the following quality control tests evaluates safe lighting in the darkroom? A. Timer test B. Step wedge C. Coin test D. Normalizing device - answer-C Which film would be exposed to see the relationship of the alveolar bone? A. Vertical bitewing B. Periapical C. Horizontal bitewing D. Occlusal - answer-A The use of a thyroid collar is recommended for all of the following radiographic exposures EXCEPT? A. bitewing B. occlusal C. periapical D. panoramic - answer-D Which of the following results in a double image radiograph? A. Processing two exposed films together B. Exposing a duplicating film C. Exposing the same film twice D. Processing two unexposed films together - answer-C Which of the following would cause a radiopaque artifact on a radiograph? A. Metallic partial denture B. Provisional restoration C. Soft tissues of the buccal mucosa D. Soft tissues surrounding the bone - answer-A A radiograph will automatically be retaken when there is a A. cone cut B. scratched film C. double exposure D. bent film - answer-C Which of the following condition may mimic caries on an intraoral radiograph? A. Root resorption B. Residual cysts of the mandible C. Secondary dentin formation D. Pulp stones - answer-A Which of the following lesions appears radiopaque on a radiograph? A. Periapical abscess B. Sclerotic bone C. Dentigerous cyst D. Metastatic carcinoma - answer-B Which of the following radiation effects increase in severity as more radiation is absorbed by somatic cells? A. Cumulative B. Nonstochastic C. Long-term D. Stochastic - answer-B Which of the following can help to protect patients from excess radiation damage to tissues? A. Slow film speed B. Short cone paralleling C. Round collimation D. High kVp - answer-D The most important step the dentist can take in protecting patients from x-radiation is to A. avoid filtration B. property use collimation C. property prescribe radiographs D. avoid position devices - answer-C The positioning-indicating device (PID) shape that most effectively reduces patient exposure to radiation is A. round B. rectangular C. conical D. oblong - answer-B Which of the following may cause unnecessary radiation exposure to the patient? A. Standard radiographs during recall appointment B. Endodontic radiographs C. Radiograph technique errors D. Standard radiographs during exam appointment - answer-C Storing unexposed radiographic film in high humidity conditions may cause A. film browning B. film fog C. cracks in the emulsion D. herringbone effect - answer-B Added filtration in the x-ray tube head protects the A. environment B. operator C. dentist D. patient - answer-D The best way a dental assistant can minimize cross-contamination when exposing radiographs is to A. disposed of items according to regulations B. prepare the room after the patient is seated C. wash hands before and after procedures D. touch as few of surfaces as possible - answer-D The occlusal plane will appear diagonal in the radiograph when there is a/an A. Bent film corner B. incorrect film placement C. incorrect vertical angulation D. poor horizontal angulation - answer-B If disposable barriers are not used during a radiographic procedure all clinical surfaces should be A. dried B. disinfected C. wiped down D. sterilized - answer-B To prevent cross-contamination, wipe the counter top with A. alcohol wipes B. bleach solution C. soap and water D. an EPA- approved disinfectant - answer-D The primary purpose of the bitewing radiograph is to evaluate A. inter proximal decay B. tooth formation and eruption C. root surface decay D. crowns and apices - answer-A Which of the following affects the quantity of x-rays being emitted from the tube head? A. kVp B. Filtration C. mA D. impulse - answer-C Radiographs appear dark after processing when the developing solution is A. depleted B. too warm C. contaminated D. too cold - answer-B Which of the following landmarks is useful when mounting films in the maxillary central area? A. Retromolar pad B. Anterior nasal spine C. Genial tubercle D. Mental foramen - answer-B The penetrating x-ray beam produced during dental radiography is called A. primary radiation B. characteristic radiation C. scatter radiation D. secondary radiation - answer-A Processed films should be handled by the edges to prevent A. discoloration B. fingerpints C. contamination D. cone cuts - answer-B On a radiograph, when the contact area of one tooth is superimposed over the contact of another, it is called A. foreshortening B. elongation C. overlapping D. cone cutting - answer-C The BEST radiograph to evaluate a suspected salivary stone in the submandibular gland is a/an A. panoramic B. periapical C. cephalometric D. occlusal - answer-D Maximum wattage for safelight bulb should be A. 15 B. 7 C. 30 D. 60 - answer-A To view an abscess on tooth #25, the best radiographic exposure is a/an A. panoramic B. periapical C. bitewing D. occlusal - answer-B The Frankfort Plane is an imaginary plane passing through the A. external auditory meatus to the floor of the orbit B. ala of the nose to tragus of the ear C. ala of the nose to the bottom of the ear D. external auditory meatus to the outer canthus of the eye - answer-A Which of the following describes a double-ended film holder used for posterior and anterior teeth? A. precision holder B. endoray C. stabe D. eezee-grip - answer-D The amount of radiation and exposure time needed to produce a diagnostic radiograph is best determined by A. film size B. kVp C. film speed D. mA - answer-C Patients should wear a thyroid collar during which type of radiographic exposure? A. Cephalometric radiograph B. Extraoral radiograph C. Panoramic radiograph D. intraoral radiograph - answer-D The Buccal Object Rule is used to determine if a foreign body is located in which direction? A. Subgingival to supragingival B. Occlusal to apical C.Lingual to buccal D. Buccal to distal - answer-C To reduce the patient's anxiety about a radiographic exposure the dental assistant should? A. rapidly complete the procedure B. only take panoramic films C. take time to explain the procedure D. use intra-oral photography - answer-C Which of the following best describes the action of the developer solution A. Makes the image permanent B. Hardens the emulsion C. Dissolves unexposed silver halide crystals D. Converts exposed silver halide crystals - answer-D To help desensitize the tissue prior to film placement, the dental assistant should A. Place the film in dental assistant's mouth to demonstrate B. Rub a finger along the tissues where the film touches C. Touch the palate with the film D. Expose the most anterior film first - answer-B When transporting a disposable cup containing patients exposed film to the development area, the dental assistant should A. Carry the container with a gloved had B. Place the container into his or her lab coat pocket C. Carry the container with a ungloved hand D. Place the container on the instrument tray - answer-C The optimal temperature of the developer in automatic processing is A. 100-115 degrees F B. 70-78 degrees F C. 80-95 degrees F D. 60-68 degrees F - answer-C Which of the following increases the density on duplicated film? A. Increase the exposure time B. Place the emulsion side up C. Decrease the exposure time D. Place the emulsion side down - answer-C Contrast in a radiograph is primarily controlled by A. Exposure time B. kVp C. Film speed D. mA - answer-B Which of the following radiolucent landmarks is useful when mounting films in the mandibular anterior area? A. Mental foramen B. External oblique ridge C. Internal oblique ridge D. Lingual foramen - answer-D Phosphor plates are processed by using A. Laser beam technology B. Chemical solutions C. Cone-beam computed tomography D. Digital sensor technology - answer-A Which of the following radiograph techniques is recommended for a patient with a shallow palate? A. Bisecting B. Occlusal C. Periapical D. Paralleling - answer-A In dental radiography, the purpose of the fixer solution is to A. Slow the oxidation rate of emulsion B. Build density and contrast on film C. Convert silver halide to black metallic silver D. remove unexposed silver halide crystals - answer-D Processing takes should be cleaned when the A. Solutions are changed B. Radiographs become too dark C. Radiographies become too light D. Solution levels become low - answer-A When using a 16- inch PID compared to and 8-inch PID the exposure time must A. be increased B. remain the same C. be decreased - answer-A When using the 8-inch PID to a 16-inch PID, which of the following is used to determine the intensity of the beam? A. Exposure chart B. SLOB rule C. Inverse square law D. Rule of isometry - answer-C Which of the following is a disposable intraoral x-ray film holder device? A. Rinn XCP B. Endoray C. Eezee grip D. Stabe - answer-D Which of the following cells exposed to radiation may be associated with leukemia? A. Reproductive B. Mature C. Genetic D. Somatic - answer-D Which of the following errors occur when the vertical angulation is incorrect? A. Blurred image B. Elongation C. Overlapping D. Cone cut - answer-B Which of the following radiolucencies may be mistaken for caries? A. Anatomic configurations B. Cervical burnout C. Gingivitis D. Calculus - answer-B The optimum developing solution temperature for manual processing is A. 65 degrees F B. 60 degrees F C. 70 degrees F D. 68 degrees F - answer-D Which of the following regulates the manufacturing and installation of x-ray equipment? A. Local government B. Federal Government C. American Dental Association D. State government - answer-B How often should step wedge quality control test for a dental x-ray machine be conducted? A. Monthly B. Weekly C. Daily D. Annually - answer-C The primary purpose of the bitewing radiograph is to evaluate A. inter proximal decay B. crowns and apices C. tooth formation and eruption D. root surface decay - answer-A Which of the following can be observed on a panoramic radiograph when the patient's chin is tipped downward? A. Teeth appear superimposed B. Narrow smile C. Exaggerated smile D. Anterior teeth appear widened - answer-C Which of the following tissues is the most highly radiosensitive? A. Skin B. Nerve C. Mature Bone D. Salivary Glands - answer-A Insufficient rinsing of processed radiographic film will result in a/an A. light radiographic image B. opaque area on the radiograph C. brownish- yellow stain on the radiograph D. completely blackened film - answer-C Where is the most common area in the oral cavity for a dentigerous cyst? A. Around the third molars B. Between the premolars C. Around the canines D. Between the central incisors - answer-A The lead apron and thyroid collar used during radiography should be disinfected A. twice a day B. when visibly soiled C. once weekly D. after each use - answer-D Which of the following pathogens is NOT found in oral or respiratory secretions? A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis B. Hep B C. Flu virus D. West nile virus - answer-D To produce ionizing radiation, an atom must A. lose a proton B. add an electron C. add a proton D. lose a neutron - answer-B Long-term effects of exposure to radiation may be associated with A. hair loss B. hemorrhaging C. nausea and vomiting D. birth abnormalities - answer-D To maintain quality assurance while processing films, dental assistant should record A. names of the dental assistants using development room B. the date solutions were changed C. the date processing solutions were purchased D. patient exposures in a daily log - answer-B Which type of gloves are required for the decontamination of the darkroom? A. Vinyl B. Latex-free C. Powder-free D. Nitrile utility - answer-D The amount of radiation and exposure time needed to produce a diagnostic radiograph is best determined by A. kVp B. film size C. film speed D. mA - answer-C Blurred radiographic images are often caused by A. patient movement during exposure B. improper positioning of the x-ray tube head C. failure to remove dental appliances D. overlapping bitewing - answer-A Which of the following landmarks is useful when mounting films in the maxillary posterior area? A. Inferior nasal conchae B. External oblique ridge C. Floor of the maxillary sinus D. Internal oblique ridge - answer-C Which of the following quality control test evaluates safe lighting in the darkroom A. step wedge B. normalizing device C. time test D. coin test - answer-D Which of the following should be used to prevent cross-contamination from exposure buttons? A. disinfectant spray B. bleach solution C. plastic cover D. alcohol wipe - answer-C If a patient did not remove earrings prior to exposing a panoramic, the radiograph could have A. radiolucent images B. magnified images C. double images D. ghost images - answer-D If a patient's gag reflex is stimulated during the radiographic procedure, the dental assistant should A. avoid small talk to help him or her relax B. apply distraction techniques to divert his or her attention C. tell the patient it is all in his or her mind D. ask the patient if he or she is a gagger - answer-B Personnel monitoring for radiation exposure is done by A. observing physical changes over time B. documenting the number of exposures C. wearing a dosimeter D. reporting exposures to the state - answer-C During radiographic exposures, semi-critical items that must be sterilized or disposed of include A. PID B. tubehead C. film holding devices D. exposure buttons - answer-C Which of the following is a DISADVANTAGE of panoramic radiographs? A. More radiation exposure B. Higher cost of equipment C. Less radiation exposure D. Lower cost of equipment - answer-B Which of the following helps to decrease exposure of the thyroid gland from the primary radiation beam? A. Decreasing the x-ray focal plane B. Bisecting angle technique C. Paralleling technique D. Use of round collimation - answer-C The purpose of intensifying screen is too A. increase the amount of radiation B. decrease the effect of the radiation exposure C. decrease the amount of radiation exposure D. increase the effect of the radiation - answer-C Which of the following injury theories describes cells that are damaged by way of absorption? A. Indirect B. Dose-Responsive C. Direct D. Latent - answer-A During patient exposure, protection from radiation for the dental assistant includes A. using an activator button with a long cord D. standing 4 feet from the source of radiation C. wearing protective clothing D. standing behind a wall - answer-D Which of the following radiation effects increase in severity as more radiation is absorbed by somatic cells? A. Nonstochastic B. Stochastic C. Long term D. Cumulative - answer-A Which of the following extraoral radiographs is used to evaluate impacted teeth, large lesions and fractures of the mandible? A. Waters projection B. Reverse Towne projection C. Posteroanterior projection D. Lateral jaw projection - answer-D Cells most susceptible to radiation damage are A. muscle B. mature bone C. nerve D. bone marrow - answer-D While exposing x-ray films, radiation deflecting off the patient's head is called A. background radiation B. primary radiation C. scatter radiation D. characteristic radiation - answer-C Which of the following is the measurement of force that refers to the potential difference between two electrical charges? A. Voltage B. Contrast C. Amperage D. Density - answer-A Before exposing radiographs on a minor, the dental assistant should A. obtain consent from the patient B. explain radiographs are mandatory for all patients C. obtain consent from the parent or legal guardian D. explain that radiographs are required by insurance - answer-C Compared to a dentulous patient, radiographic exposure time on an edentulous adult patient should A. remain unchanged B. be doubled C. increase D. decrease - answer-D Maximum wattage for a safelight bulb should be A. 7 B. 60 C. 15 D. 30 - answer-C The penetrating x-ray beam produced during dental radiography is called A. scatter radiation B. characteristic radiation C. secondary radiation D. primary radiation - answer-D Which of the following conditions will result in radiographic image that is too light? A. processing solutions B. Contaminated fixer solution C. Weak developing solution D. Darkroom door opened during development - answer-C When mounting periapical radiographs, what info helps to distinguish maxillary molar radiographs from mandibular molar radiographs A. Maxillary molars have two roots B. Mandibular molars are larger C. Mandibular second molar has one root D. Maxillary sinus outline is visible - answer-D The most common artificial radiation exposure comes from A. medical radiation B. consumer products C. the nuclear fuel cycle D. atomic weapon fallout - answer-A If there are no teeth to serve as guides, which of the following landmarks indicates a maxillary molar area on radiograph A. Mental foramen B. Tuberosity C. Incisive foramen D. Internal oblique ridge - answer-B Added filtration in the x-ray tube head protects the A. operator B. patient C. environment D. dentist - answer-B The most commonly used radiographic exposure for a 3 year old patient is A. periapical B. panoramic C. bitewing D. cephalometric - answer-C Duplicating film is coated with A. one-sided polyester base B. two-sided polyester base C. two-sided emulsion D. one-sided emulsion - answer-D The best way to correct a cone-cutting error is to adjust A. vertical angulation B. horizontal angulation C. film postion D. patient positioning - answer-C Which of the following will best protect the dental assistant from cross- contamination while exposing radiographs? A. patient bib B. film holding devices C. barriers on PID D. Gloves - answer-D Which of the following film size is used for an occlusal exposure A. 1 B. 3 C. 2 D. 4 - answer-D Which of the following landmarks is useful when mounting films of the mandibular posterior area? A. Lingual foramen B. Mental foramen C. External Oblique ridge D. Internal Oblique rige - answer-B Personal radiation monitoring devices are worn to A. record the occupational exposure received by the operator B. alert the patient when the exposure occurs C. record the background exposure received by the patient D. alert the operator when an exposure occurs - answer-A Which of the following is most likely to cause a stored radiograph to turn brown over time A. Underexposure B. Underwashing C. Overdevelopment D. Overexposure - answer-B The most common reason for taking a bitewing is to evaluate A. incipient caries B. occlusal caries C. calculus D. inter proximal caries - answer-D Radiation injury results from A. distance B. roentgen C. ionization D. exposure - answer-D Which of the following can be used to measure excessive occupational exposure? A. Film Badge B. Insight film C. Protective barrier D. Lead apron - answer-A Using the ALARA concept as a guideline for radiographs includes all of the following EXCEPT A. using rectangular PID B. draping the patient with a lead apron C. Using circular PID D. draping the patient with a thyroid collar - answer-C During the processing of x-ray film, the removal of the halide portion of the exposed silver crystals is called A. reduction B. activation C. hardening D. conversion - answer-A The diameter of the cone-shaped beam produced from a circular collimator is A. 2.75 inches B. 1.75 inches C. 1.50 inches D. 2.5 inches - answer-A Human tissue is mainly composed of A. water/H2O B. oxygen/O2 C. iron/Fe D. hydrogen/H - answer-A If a dental assistant dosimeter badge report indicates exposure to radiation, what should be done first? A. Repeat the badge test B. Consult a physician C. Change the mA and kVp or exposure time D. Evaluate the x-ray equipment and techniques - answer-D Impacted third molars are best seen with what type of radiograph A. Periapical B. Cephalometric C. Bitewing D. Panoramic - answer-D Prior to exposing dental radiographs on a visually impaired patient, the dental assistant should A. set the exposure time to increase radiation B. use touch to explain the equipment and procedure C. ask the caregiver to stabilized the film D. set the set the exposure time the decrease radiation - answer-B When radiographs are mounted with the embossed dot appearing outward, this is known as A. facial mounting B. distal mounting C. lingual mounting D. mesial mounting - answer-A Which of the following should be labeled on the radiographic mount prior to film duplication? A. maxillary and mandibular arch B. facial and lingual C. right and left sides D. mesial and distal - answer-C Dilaceration in a radiographic image indicates the A. film was over-bent during placement B. vertical angulation needs to be increased C. root shape is abnormally bent or curved D. vertical angulation needs to be decreased - answer-C When taking a panoramic radiograph, the patient's head should be oriented A. with a midsagittal plane perpendicular to the floor B. so that it is rotated toward the film C. with the chin projected forward D. with the chin tired up - answer-A When using an automatic processor, how many seconds should be allowed between the insertion of each dental film? A. 5 B. 15 C. 20 D. 10 - answer-D The radiation exposure that poses the greatest hazard to the operator is A. leakage radiation B. scatter radiation C. collimated radiation D. primary radiation - answer-A When removing a protective barrier after the exposure of radiographs, if a dental assistant touches the surface beneath the barrier the assistant must A. dry the surface using clean 2x2 gauze B. disinfect the surface with intermediate level disinfectant C. clean he surface using alcohol wipes D. sterilize the surface using a chemical sterilant - answer-B What can be done to stabilized on a partial edentulous patient? A. leave the partial denture in B. have family hold bite block C. use cotton roll D. have patient hold bite block - answer-C When taking radiographs on a small child who can cannot hold the film the dental assistant should A. hold the film B. ask parent or guardian to hold film C. reschedule D. ask dentist to hold film - answer-B Chemical agents should be properly disposed of according to A. OSHA and local laws B. dental office protocol C. federal, state and local laws D. state and federal recommendations - answer-C The radiation that is formed by the interaction of x-rays with matter is A. secondary radiation B. Bremsstrahlung radiation C. primary radiation D. scattered radiation - answer-A An underexposed film will appear A. spotty B. dark C. light D. grainy - answer-C What size film when placed vertically in the anterior region of the mouth is most effective for evaluating caries and periodontal health A. 4 B. 0 C. 3 D. 2 - answer-D The annual maximum accumulate dose (MAD) of radiation for dental assistants is based on which of the following calculations? A. Age minus 18 times 3 rems/year B. Age plus 18 times 3 rems/year C. Age minus 18 times 5 rems/year D. Age plus 18 times 5 rems/year - answer-C The time between patient exposure to radiation and the appearance of biological damage is the A. refractory period. B. waiting period. C. silent period. D. latent period. - answer-D Which organization regulates disinfectants and chemical sterilants? A. CDC B. EPA C. FDA D. ADA - answer-B Which of the following describes a double-ended film holder used for posterior and anterior teeth? A. Endoray® B. Eezee-Grip® C. Precision holder® D. Stabe® - answer-B A cephalometric radiograph is PRIMARILY used to evaluate A. lateral jaw development. B. temporal mandibular joint. C. implant placement. D. periodontal disease. - answer-A ALARA is primarily concerned with the radiation that is A. cosmic. B. terrestrial. C. environmental. D. artificial. - answer-D Which of the following would cause elongation on a radiograph? A. Insufficient horizontal angulation B. Excessive vertical angulation C. Excessive horizontal angulation D. Insufficient vertical angulation - answer-D Which of the following is most essential when labeling the film mount? A. Patient address B. Patient name C. Dentist address D. Dentist name - answer-B A full mouth series of periapical radiographs taken on an edentulous patient will consist of A. two anterior and eight posterior. B. six anterior and four posterior. C. six anterior and eight posterior. D. two anterior and four posterior. - answer-C When preparing a patient for a radiographic procedure, PRIOR to putting on gloves the dental assistant should A. place film in a disposable container. B. assemble the positioning device. C. place the led apron. D. adjust lighting. - answer-C Radiation injury can be measured by A. mA. B. somatic dose. C. dose rate. D. kVp. - answer-C How frequently should processing solutions be replenished? A. Daily B. As needed C. Monthly D. Weekly - answer-A The main purpose of using a lead apron with a thyroid collar when exposing dental radiographs is to protect the patient from A. infectious agents. B. the primary beam. C. scatter radiation. D. hazardous materials. - answer-C Which of the following landmarks are located by the midline of the mandible? A. Genial tubercles B. Mandibular foramen C. Mental foramen D. Mandibular canal - answer-A Which of the following landmarks is useful when mounting films in the maxillary central area? A. Mental foramen B. Anterior nasal spine C. Genial tubercle D. Retromolar pad - answer-B Light-colored radiographs commonly result from A. overdevelopment. B. holding the exposure button too long. C. underexposure. D. excessive kVp. - answer-C After a patient has been dismissed, dental unit surfaces and counter tops that may have been contaminated should be cleaned with an EPA-registered A. intermediate- level disinfectant. B. standard-level disinfectant. C. high-level disinfectant. D. low-level disinfectant. - answer-A Which of the following landmarks would be seen in a maxillary anterior periapical radiograph? A. Genial tubercule B. Zygomatic process C. Incisive foramen D. Mental foramen - answer-C Which of the following could cause a straight black line/border to appear on a radiograph? A. Fixer solution level was low. B. Fixer solution was set at a high temperature. C. Developer solution was set at a low temperature. D. Developer solution level was low. - answer-A Which of the following PID produces the greatest amount of secondary radiation? A. Closed-end plastic cone B. Open-end lead-lined cylinder C. Closed-end aluminum cylinder D. Open-end lead-lined rectangular - answer-A Somatic effects of radiation do NOT have damaging effects on A. bone marrow. B. the patient. C. blood cells. D. offspring. - answer-D Which of the following causes the interproximal areas of the teeth to appear overlapped? A. Improper horizontal angulation B. Patient talking during exposure C. Improper vertical angulation D. Patient with shallow palate - answer-A A film with damaged emulsion will appear A. cracked. B. light. C. dark. D. spotty. - answer-A Patients receive less radiation when using a/an A. round PID. B. recessed PID. C. rectangular PID. D. external PID. - answer-C Which of the following sequences best describes radiation injury to tissue? A. Period of recovery, period of injury, latent period B. Period of injury, latent period, period of recovery C. Latent period, period of recovery, period of injury D. Latent period, period of injury, period of recovery - answer-D A panoramic image appears to have a "reverse smile" when the A. midsagittal plane is angled to the right. B. Frankfort plane is angled downward. C. midsagittal plane is angled to the left. D. Frankfort plane is angled upward. - answer-D Which of the following influences the sharpness of a radiograph? A. X-ray beam angulation B. Focal spot size C. Object-film alignment D. kVp and mA - answer-B The most important step the dentist can take in protecting patients from x-radiation is to A. properly use collimation. B. avoid filtration. C. avoid positioning devices. D. properly prescribe radiographs. - answer-D Once the film has been removed from the protective packet, the dental assistant should A. recycle the black paper in separate container. B. dispose the lead foil in trash. C. dispose of entire packet in trash. D. recycle lead foil in separate container. - answer-D Film should be stored in A. a warm, dry place. B. normal room light. C. boxes stored in stacks. D. its original lead-wrapped packaging. - answer-D According to the inverse square law, when changing the PID length from 8 to 16 inches, the beam's intensity is A. 2 times as intense. B. 1/4 as intense. C. 3/4 as intense. D. 4 times as intense. - answer-B Which part of the x-ray machine should be covered or disinfected after each patient? A. Tubehead B. Anode C. Extension arm D. Filament circuit - answer-A When the tubehead drifts, the first step the dental assistant should take is to A. ask the patient's family member to hold the tube head. B. ask the patient to gently hold the tube head. C. stop using the machine. D. speed through to get all the films done. - answer-C Which of the following would cause a radiopaque artifact on a radiograph? A. Provisional restoration B. Soft tissue surrounding the bone C. Soft tissues of the buccal mucosa D. Metallic partial denture - answer-D After the completion of a radiographic procedure, the PID should be A. exposed. B. dried. C. sterilized. D. disinfected. - answer-D Which of the following is the most effective method of reducing patient exposure to x-radiation? A. Thyroid collar B. Lead apron C. Frequent retakes D. Fast film - answer-D The edentulous radiographic series may include all of the following EXCEPT A. occlusals. B. bitewings. C. panoramic. D. periapicals. - answer-B Which of the following results in a double image radiograph? A. Exposing the same film twice B. Exposing a duplicating film C. Processing two unexposed films together D. Processing two exposed films together - answer-A The most important responsibility of the dental assistant in dental radiography is A. selecting the slowest film speed. B. implementing ALARA principle. C. calculating exposure time. D. retaking radiographs. - answer-B Dental healthcare personnel can BEST shield themselves from radiation during patient exposure by standing behind A. the patient's chair. B. the tubehead. C. a glass window. D. a drywall barrier. - answer-D Which of the following condition may mimic caries on an intraoral radiograph? A. Pulp stones B. Secondary dentin formation C. Root resorption D. Residual cysts of the mandible - answer-C Which of the following can help to protect patients from excess radiation damage to tissues? A. Round collimation B. High kVp C. Short cone paralleling D. Slow film speed - answer-B The population most susceptible to radiation damage is A. middle-aged adults. B. infants. C. seniors citizens. D. teenagers. - answer-B Supernumerary teeth are best detected using what type of film? A. Periapical B. Cephalometric C. Bitewing D. Panoramic - answer-D After an exposed film has been removed from a patient's mouth, the next step is to A. clean the exposed film with a low-level disinfectant. B. dry the exposed film. C. wash hands. D. place the exposed film in the automatic processor. - answer-B The total destruction of microorganisms and spores on reusable instruments is accomplished by A. ultrasonic immersion. B. spraying with a germicide. C. sterilizing. D. disinfecting. - answer-C Emulsion damage to a film is caused by A. underexposure of film. B. improper handling of film. C. overexposure of film. D. improper film mounting. - answer-B The American Dental Association recommends that radiographs be mounted with the embossed dots A. on the occlusal surface. B. towards the center. C. all facing in the same direction. D. at the apices. - answer-C According to the CDC, how are the transmission of pathogens minimized when using phosphor sensors to capture radiographic images? A. By placing a plastic barrier over the sensor B. By heat sterilizing the sensor C. By using a high-level disinfectant on the sensor D. By chemically sterilizing the sensor - answer-A Developing solution temperatures should be checked frequently when using A. manual processing. B. automatic processors. C. daylight loaders. D. digital thermometer. - answer-A Which of the following film sizes would be used for an adult periapical film? A. 2 B. 3 C. 0 D. 4 - answer-A A panoramic radiograph with a dark shadow over the apices of the maxillary teeth may be caused by the patient A. not appropriately positioned in the focal trough. B. not placing the tongue against the palate. C. placing the tongue against the palate. D. not biting on the bite block correctly. - answer-B All of the following can be used for handling film in the daylight loader EXCEPT A. utility gloves. B. plastic overgloves. C. powder-free exam gloves. D. latex exam gloves. - answer-A If disposable barriers are not used during a radiographic procedure all clinical surfaces should be A. disinfected. B. wiped down. C. dried. D. sterilized. - answer-A Which of the following prevents x-rays from escaping the tubehead? A. Anode B. Tungsten filament C. Leaded-glass housing D. Cathode - answer-C Bitetabs placed on film for use during bitewing radiographs should be positioned on the A. top narrow edge of the packet. B. white printed side of the packet. C. bottom narrow edge of the packet. D. white unprinted side of the packet. - answer-D During film processing, which of the following can cause a dark image? A. Developer solution that is cold B. Underdeveloped film C. Overdeveloped film D. Developer solution that is weak - answer-C Which of the following would you adjust to produce wavelengths with the greatest penetrating power? A. Time B. kVp C. mA D. Distance - answer-B Back-scatter radiation to the film is prevented by the A. outer wrap. B. black paper. C. polysoft wrapping. D. lead foil. - answer-D The use of a thyroid collar is recommended for all of the following radigraphic exposures EXCEPT A. panoramic. B. occlusal. C. bitewing. D. periapical. - answer-A The BEST radiograph to evaluate a suspected salivary stone in the submandibular gland is a/an A. occlusal. B. periapical. C. cephalometric. D. panoramic. - answer-A Dental assistants exposing x-rays can best be protected from scatter radiation by A. wearing a film badge. B. standing 2 feet away from the tubehead. C. standing behind a lead barrier. D. wearing a lead apron. - answer-C When exposing radiographs, what is the minimum distance the operator should stand from the tube head? A. 6 feet B. 4 feet C. 8 feet D. 2 feet - answer-A Which of the following protection techniques is used to minimize x-radiation exposure to the operator? A. Wearing a lead line apron B. Standing next to the tubehead C. Wearing a dosimeter D. Structural shielding - answer-D On a radiograph, what is the dense radiopaque band that outlines the edge of the mandible? A. Oblique ridge B. Mental protuberance C. Mylohyoid ridge D. Inferior border - answer-D A step wedge can be used to demonstrate A. magnification of image. B. film contrast. C. film composition. D. penumbra. - answer-B Most bilateral findings in radiographs are considered A. most often seen on panoramic views. B. suspect of a lesion. C. normal anatomic landmarks. D. primarily seen in bitewing views. - answer-C When executing a routine hand wash, the dental assistant should lather and scrub for a minimum of A. 25 seconds. B. 15 seconds. C. 20 seconds. D. 30 seconds. - answer-B Radiographs appear dark after processing when the developing solution is A. contaminated. B. too cold. C. depleted. D. too warm. - answer-D When exposing a posterior periapical radiograph on an adult patient with no intraoral restrictions, which size film should be used? A. 2 B. 4 C. 1 D. 3 - answer-A On a full mouth series with eighteen films, how many anterior films are exposed? A. 5 B. 8 C. 6 D. 7 - answer-C The best way to prevent cross-contamination from an exposed film packet is by A. using an antiseptic rinse agent. B. sterilization. C. using individual barrier envelopes. D. disinfection. - answer-C The most common radiographic exposure used to evaluate a dental implant on an adult is A. panoramic. B. periapical. C. bitewing. D. occlusal. - answer-A Compared to the paralleling technique a DISADVANTAGE of the bisecting angle technique is A. image distortion. B. the film is more difficult to place. C. the exposure time is longer. D. increased radiation absorption. - answer-A Which of the following film size is the longest? A. 3 B. 2 C. 0 D. 1 - answer-A When taking an occlusal radiograph, the film packet should extend from the patient's mouth by approximately A. 3/4 - 1 inches. B. 1/8 -1/4 inches. C. 1 1/8 - 1 1/4 inches. D. 1/2 - 5/8 inches. - answer-B Which of the following must be monitored for radiation leakage? A. Control panels B. Dental x-ray machines C. Protection barriers D. Film devices - answer-B Which of the following is the first step in processing radiographic film? A. Rinsing B. Developing C. Fixing D. Drying - answer-B How often should protective clothing be changed in an oral healthcare setting? A. Twice daily B. Once weekly C. When visibly soiled D. After each patient - answer-C The shorter the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, the greater the A. matter. B. number of electrons. C. number of atoms. D. energy. - answer-D The amount of which of the following is used in determining the degree of radiation injury? A. Free radicals present B. Tissue irradiated C. Genetic effects observed D. Alpha particles present - answer-B Compared to a round position-indicating device (PID), which of the following PIDs reduces patient radiation exposure by up to 70 percent? A. Rectangular-shaped B. Cone-shaped C. Closed-end pointed shape D. Oblong-shape - answer-A Leakage radiation is defined as any radiation that is A. received from the operator. B. received from the patient. C. from the primary beam. D. from the secondary beam. - answer-C The position-indicating device (PID) shape that most effectively reduces patient exposure to radiation is A. rectangular. B. round. C. conical. D. oblong. - answer-A Which of the following describes how most radiographic carious lesions appear? A. Radiopaque B. Undetectable C. Radiolucent D. Mixed density - answer-C Dental healthcare personnel who are pregnant can expose radiographs during the A. entire pregnancy. B. second trimester. C. third trimester. D. first trimester. - answer-A Paralleling technique requires the film be placed A. toward the tooth, away from the oral cavity. B. against the occlusal surface of the tooth. C. away from the tooth, toward the middle of the oral cavity. D. against the lingual surface of the tooth. - answer-C A processed film has a straight, clear border on the upper edge. This error is caused by A. fixer solution too low. B. developer solution too low. C. improper film placement during exposure. D. white light leak in dark room. - answer-B Which of the following equations is used to determine the occupational maximum accumulated dose (MAD) of radiation? A. Age plus 5 rems/year minus 18 B. Age plus 18 times 5 rems/year C. Age minus 5 rems/years plus 18 D. Age minus 18 times 5 rems/year - answer-D Inside the film packet, the film is wrapped with a/an A. emulsion. B. lead foil sheet. C. intensifying screen. D. black paper sheet. - answer-D The most radiolucent area on an anterior radiograph is the A. maxillary sinus. B. nasal spine. C. maxillary tuberosity. D. nasal fossa. - answer-D The purpose of a grid device on an extraoral cassette is to A. guide x-rays to the appropriate tissue. B. reduce patient exposure to radiation. C. guide x-rays to the film. D. reduce scatter radiation reaching the film. - answer-D The median palatal suture is visible on which of the following radiographs? A. Maxillary anterior periapical B. Mandibular posterior periapical C. Maxillary posterior periapical D. Mandibular anterior periapical - answer-A The purpose of the aluminum disc in the x-ray tubehead is to A. filter out long wave x-rays from the primary beam. B. filter out short wave x-rays from the primary beam. C. prevent scatter radiation. D. prevent distortion on the radiograph. - answer-A Which of the following radiographic errors is caused by removing a film too quickly from a tightly packed box? A. Cone cut B. Reticulation C. Static electricity D. Herringbone - answer-C Which of the following lesions appears radiopaque on a radiograph? A. Dentigerous cyst B. Sclerotic bone C. Metastatic carcinoma D. Periapical abscess - answer-B Which of the following affects the speed of the electrons emitted from the tubehead? A. Impulses B. Filtration C. mA D. kVp - answer-D Which of the following may cause unnecessary radiation exposure to the patient? A. Radiograph technique errors B. Standard radiographs during exam appointment C. Endodontic radiographs D. Standard radiographs during recall appointment - answer-A Which of the following may cause film fogging? A. Fixer solution contacting film B. Two films contacting each other C. Low developer temperature D. Using expired film - answer-D Which of the following will cause white spots to appear on radiographs? A. Fixer solution is hotter than recommended. B. Developer solution contacts the film. C. Developer solution is hotter than recommended. D. Fixer solution contacts the film. - answer-D On a radiograph, the anterior alveolar crest normally appears A. flat and smooth. B. as a triangular-shaped radiopacity. C. pointed and sharp. D. as a dense radiopaque line. - answer-C Which of the following is a measurement of tissue damage from x-ray energy? A. Chemical changes B. Cell sensitivity C. Genetic effects D. Radiation absorbed dose - answer-D Compared to radiopaque structures, radiolucent structures A. are dense. B. absorb more radiation. C. appear dark on a radiograph. D. appear light on a radiograph. - answer-C When documenting a lesion found on a radiograph, all of the following should be described EXCEPT A. size. B. severity. C. appearance. D. location. - answer-B Cone beam computed tomography uses A. 3-dimensional technology. B. panoramic cassettes. C. customized film holders. D. 8 x 10 extraoral film. - answer-A Dental x-rays should be prescribed when the A. patient arrives for the second of two annual visits. B. benefits outweigh the risk of harm. C. insurance company will reimburse the cost to the patient. D. maximum permissible dose is achieved. - answer-B Which of the following best describes what happens when two films contact each other during processing? A. Reticulation B. Overlapped films C. Static electricity D. Fogged films - answer-B The normalizing device can be used to monitor A. developer strength. B. safe light output. C. fixer strength. D. level of the processing solutions. - answer-A Which of the following measures the amount of radiation that reaches the surface of the skin? A. Roentgen B. Quality factor C. Dose rate D. Mitotic activity - answer-A What is the primary advantage in using digital radiography? A. Increases image density B. Increases comfort for the patient C. Reduces the radiation to patient D. Reduces image contrast - answer-C To assist the patient in controlling the gag reflex, the dental assistant should A. ask the patient to return tomorrow. B. expose extraoral films only. C. ask the dentist to anesthetize the patient. D. use a distraction technique. - answer-D The primary function of collimation is to A. decrease target-film distance. B. eliminate cone cuts. C. increase target-film distance. D. restrict the size of the beam. - answer-D The expiration date on dental x-ray film is printed A. on the film packaging box. B. lead foil sheet. C. on the outer wrapping. D. on each film. - answer-A The maximum permissible dose (MPD) of ionizing radiation for occupational exposure is A. 0.5 rem per year. B. 0.05 rem per year. C. 5.0 rem per year. D. 1.0 rem per year. - answer-C Foreshortening of the maxillary radiographic image results from A. increased horizontal angulation. B. decreased horizontal angulation. C. decreased vertical angulation. D. increased vertical angulation. - answer-D When exposing a panoramic radiograph on an edentulous patient, which of the following would a dental assistant use to stabilize the upper and lower arch on the bite block? A. Head positioners B. Cotton rolls C. Separators D. Chin rest - answer-B The most common radiographic exposure used to detect periodontal disease is a/an A. periapical. B. occlusal. C. panoramic. D. bitewing. - answer-A For x-ray machines operating in ranges at or below 70 kVp, the total aluminum equivalent filtration must be a minimum of A. 2.0 mm. B. 2.5 mm. C. 1.0 mm. D. 1.5 mm. - answer-D Which of the following was established to address the education and certification of operators of radiographic equipment? A. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements B. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements C. Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act D. Radiation Control for Health and Safety - answer-C When preparing to take a digital radiograph, after selecting the appropriate sensor size for the patient, the next step is to A. place a barrier on the sensor. B. place the sensor in the mouth. C. sterilize the sensor. D. attach the wire to the sensor. - answer-A