Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) latest update already passed

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) latest update already passed What causes GERD? Results of an incompetent lower sphincter that allows regurgitation of acidic gastric contents into the esophagus. What are the risk factors? Obesity, Pregnant women, cigarette smokers, hiatal hernia, What things effect LES pressure? ETOH, chocolate, fatty foods, nicotine, peppermint, tea, coffee, caffeine(avoid these) What med is used to lower LES pressure? Anticholinergics What lab test is used for this? positive dx determined by fluoroscopy pr barium swallow. What are some clinical manifestations? heartburn..radiates to shoulder. dyspepsia- pain in center of abd. Regurgitation What are some complications? Esophagitis, perforation, Pt should not do what after eating!! lay down they can aspirate... if they do you will hear crackles in lungs! call md What kind of meals should they be eating? small, frequent meals. diet does not cause GERD but can aggravate it When should they be drinking? Between meals not with meals!! How long should they sit up after eating? 2-3 hours. How high should the bed be? on 4-6 inch blocks What do antacids do? Neutralize stomach acid and provide relief of the s/s fast What do PPI treat? omeprzole Heartburn What do H2 tegamet do? Decreases secretion of HCL When do we take PPI? like esomeprazole? before 1st meal of the day Do we use antacids to treat? Yes provide fast relief