BIO Chapter 12 and 13 Practice Test 31 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

BIO Chapter 12 and 13 Practice Test 31 Questions with Verified Answers RNA contains the sugar a. ribose. b. deoxyribose. c. glucose. d. lactose. - CORRECT ANSWER a. ribose. Unlike DNA, RNA contains a. adenine. b. uracil. c. phosphate groups. d. thymine. - CORRECT ANSWER b. uracil. Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA? a. ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine b. deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and guanine c. phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine d. phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine - CORRECT ANSWER c. phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine Which of the following is true? a. RNA is usually single-stranded. b. DNA is usually single-stranded. c. DNA contains uracil. d. RNA contains thymine. - CORRECT ANSWER a. RNA is usually single-stranded. Which type of RNA brings the information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell? a. rRNA b. tRNA c. mRNA d. RNA polymerase - CORRECT ANSWER c. mRNA Which of the following is true of transcription? a. In eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the cytoplasm and requires many enzymes, b. RNA polymerase recognizes and binds to specific regions of the DNA called introns c. RNA editing removes the exons from pre-mRNA, leaving only the introns in the final molecule. d. RNA polymerase can make many molecules of RNA from a single DNA sequence. - CORRECT ANSWER d. RNA polymerase can make many molecules of RNA from a single DNA sequence. Which of the following statements is true of eukaryotic DNA? a. A promoter is part of an intron. b. An intron is part of a promoter. c. Introns are sequences of DNA. d. Exons are edited out of pre-mRNA - CORRECT ANSWER c. Introns are sequences of DNA. Which molecules are involved in protein synthesis? a. transfer RNA, introns, and mutagens b. messenger RNA, introns, and ribosomal RNA c. ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, and mutagens d. messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA - CORRECT ANSWER d. messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA From which molecules are rRNA molecules transcribed? a. tRNA b. rRNA c. DNA d. proteins - CORRECT ANSWER c. DNA What is produced during transcription? a. RNA molecules b. DNA molecules c. RNA polymerase d. proteins - CORRECT ANSWER a. RNA molecules During eukaryotic transcription, an RNA molecule is formed that is a. complementary to both strands of DNA. b. identical to an entire single strand of DNA. c. double-stranded and inside the nucleus. d. complementary to part of one strand of DNA. - CORRECT ANSWER d. complementary to part of one strand of DNA. How many nucleotides are needed to specify three amino acids? a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 12 - CORRECT ANSWER c. 9 There are 64 codons and 20 amino acids. Which of the following is true? a. Several different codons can specify the same amino acid b. Each codon specifies a different amino acid. c. Some amino acids have no link to a codon. d. Each amino acid is specified by only one codon - CORRECT ANSWER a. Several different codons can specify the same amino acid A promoter is a a. binding site for DNA polymerase. b. binding site for RNA polymerase. c. start signal for replication. d. stop signal for transcription. - CORRECT ANSWER b. binding site for RNA polymerase. What happens during translation? a. Messenger RNA is made from a DNA code. b. The cell uses a messenger RNA code to make proteins. c. Transfer RNA is made from a messenger RNA code. d. Copies of DNA molecules are made. - CORRECT ANSWER b. The cell uses a messenger RNA code to make proteins. Which of the following terms is LEAST closely related to the others? a. spindle fiber b. tRNA c. polypeptide d. anticodon - CORRECT ANSWER a. spindle fiber During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the a. codon on the mRI'A and the anticodon on the rRNA. b. anticodon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA c. anticodon on the rRNA and the codon on the mRNA. d. codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA. - CORRECT ANSWER d. codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA. A protein is being assembled when a. DNA is being translated. b. RNA is being transcribed. c. RNA is being translated. d. DNA is being transcribed. - CORRECT ANSWER c. RNA is being translated. Genes contain instructions for assembling a. operons. b. nucleosomes. c. proteins. d. mutagens. - CORRECT ANSWER c. proteins. Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms? a. protein to DNA to RNA b. RNA to DNA to protein c. DNA to RNA to protein d. RNA to protein to DNA - CORRECT ANSWER c. DNA to RNA to protein What is an exception to the central dogma of molecular biology? a. Viruses sometimes transfer information from RNA to DNA. b. Viruses sometimes transfer information from DNA to RNA. c. Viruses sometimes transfer information from proteins to DNA. d. Viruses can translate without RNA. - CORRECT ANSWER a. Viruses sometimes transfer information from RNA to DNA. Which of the following best describes the what happens during gene expression? a. A cell reads the instructions in DNA and builds a protein based on those instructions. b. A gene is copied many times so that all of a cell's daughter cells will have their own copy. c. The nucleus of a cell builds cellular proteins based on the sequence of the mRNA code. d. A single gene leaves the nucleus of a cell and travels through the cytoplasm to the membrane. - CORRECT ANSWER a. A cell reads the instructions in DNA and builds a protein based on those instructions. In eukaryotes a. Transcription takes place in the cytoplasm, and translation takes place in the nucleus. b. Transcription takes place in the nucleus, and translation takes place in the cytoplasm. c. Transcription and translation both take place in the nucleus. d. Transcription and translation both take place in the cytoplasm. - CORRECT ANSWER b. Transcription takes place in the nucleus, and translation takes place in the cytoplasm. A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides is called a. a mutagen. h. an inversion. c. a point mutation. d. a translocation. - CORRECT ANSWER c. a point mutation. Which of the following is a chromosomal mutation? a. inversion b. insertion c. point mutation d. substitution - CORRECT ANSWER a. inversion One difference between a gene mutation and a chromosornal mutation is that a. A gene mutation affects the DNA of more genes than a chromosomal mutation. b. A gene mutation can involve a insertion or deletion, but cannot result in a frameshift. c. A chromosomal mutation can change the number of chromosomes in a cell. d. A chromosomal mutation is more likely to be passed on to offspring or daughter cells. - CORRECT ANSWER c. A chromosomal mutation can change the number of chromosomes in a cell. When a chromosome undergoes a deletion mutation, information is a. repeated. b. lost. c. reversed. d. transferred - CORRECT ANSWER b. lost. Most mutations a. have no effect on an organism. b. are fatal to an organism. e. are helpful to an organism. d. are harmful to an organism. - CORRECT ANSWER a. have no effect on an organism. What are some characteristics of polyploid plants? a. They tend to be weaker and smaller than diploid plants. b. They tend to be bigger and stronger than diploid plants. c. They tend to be weaker, but bigger than diploid plants. d. They tend to be smaller, but stronger than diploid plants. - CORRECT ANSWER b. They tend to be bigger and stronger than diploid plants. Which of the following statements is true about gene regulation in prokaryotes? a. Promoters determine whether a gene is expressed. b. Expressed genes make more DNA. c. DNA-binding proteins determine whether a gene is expressed. d. RNA polymerase regulates gene expression. - CORRECT ANSWER c. DNA-binding proteins determine whether a gene is expressed. What regulates the expression of most eukaryotic genes? a. mRNA b. transcription factors c. dicer enzymes d. silencing complexes - CORRECT ANSWER b. transcription factors