CNSC: Medications

Spironolactone CORRECT ANSWER Potassium sparing diuretic. Treatment for hyperaldosteronism. Can cause increased serum potassium, hyponatremia, hypermagnesemia. Propanolol CORRECT ANSWER Beta-blocker, can cause hyperkalemia. Kayexalate CORRECT ANSWER Given in the presence of hyperkalemia. Binds potassium and causes excretion through stool. Anticonvulsants CORRECT ANSWER Cause vitamin D deficiency. Cimetidine CORRECT ANSWER Cause vitamin D deficiency. Decreases iron absorption, decreases Vit B12 absorption with LT use. H2 receptor antagonist. Barbiturates CORRECT ANSWER Infusion rate or as needed use should be monitored. May cause constipation. Should be combined with a bowel regimen. May decrease caloric requirements. Carbamazepine CORRECT ANSWER Avoid combining suspension with water or other medication diluents (forms precipitate). Monitor for hyponatremia (can cause SIADH). Corticosteroids CORRECT ANSWER Monitor for hyperglycemia. May increase risk for osteoporosis, gastric ulcers (chronic use). Often used to treat Crohn's disease. May increase appetite, however side effects including muscle wasting and immunosuppression outweigh most benefits to nutrition. (weigh case by case)