AIR METHODS GENERAL EXAM |62 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

What three documents must you have on you during operations? 61.3 Pilot certificate, current medical, government issued photo ID. What are the responsibilities and authority of the PIC? 91.3 Final authority for aircraft operation, deviate from any rule to the extent required to meet that emergency. What are the ATC light signals? 91.125 Steady green: cleared for takeoff/to landflashing green: cleared to taxi/return for landsteady red:stop/give way and circleflashing red:taxi clear/airport unsafeflashing white:return to starting point/NAalternating green and red:extreme caution. What is the required preflight action? 91.103 Wx reports and forecasts, fuel requirements, alternates, known traffic delays, takeoff and landing distance in RFM & 91.103 What are the requirements for operating in Class G airspace? 91.126 Avoid the flow of fixed wing traffic, if control tower: two way communication. What are the requirements for operating in Class E Airspace? 91.127 Same as G, establish communications prior to 4nm up to and including 2500agl What are the requirements for operating in Class D airspace? 91.129 Two way radio communications What are the requirements for operating in Class C airspace? 91.130 Two way radio communications, mode C transponder (unless deviation requested) What are the requirements for operating in Class B airspace? 91.131 Clearance to enter, transponder, private pilot certificate. Where could you find the latest TFRs in an area?91.137 NOTAM- flight service station. What are the basic VFR weather minimums? 91.155 Class A NA/NA Class B 3sm/clear of clouds Class C 3sm/ 500 below,1000 above, 2000 horizontal Class D 3sm/500, 1000, 2000 Class E: less than 10,000 3sm/500, 1000, 2000 at or above 10,000 5sm/1000, 1000, 1sm Class G 1200ft agl or less day: 1sm/clear of clouds night: 3sm/ 500, 1000, 2000 more than 1200agl day:1sm, 500, 1000, 2000 night: 5sm, 1000, 1000,1sm How do the Ops specs effect weather requirements in Class G airspace? Mountainous terrain: day: local 800/3xcountry 1000/3night NVG or TAWSlocal 1000/3xcountry 1000/5no NVG or TAWSlocal 1500/3xcountry 1500/5 What are the SVFR minimums? 91.157 ATC clearance, clear of clouds What documents are required to be on board the aircraft? 91.203 Airworthiness certificate, registration What equipment is required to be on board for VFR flight? 91.205 TOMATO FLAMES tachometer oil pressure manifold pressure altimeter temperature sensor oil temperature fuel gauge landing gear position airspeed indicator magnetic compass ELT seatbelts What must occur after maintenance preventative maintenance, rebuilding, or alteration? 91.407 Operational checkflight and notation in logbook. What is allowed in an emergency under part 135?135.19 Deviate from rules to the extent required, must submit a deviation report w/in 10 days. (asap report) What conditions must be reported? 135.67 Potentially hazardous meteorological conditions, irregularity in navaid as soon as practicable What are the flight location requirements? 135.79 Certificate holder must have a procedure forlocating each flight, include same information as VFR flight plan, provide timely notification of overdue aircraft, plan for reestablishing communications if commo can't be maintained. Who is allowed to manipulate the controls? 135.115 Qualified employee, authorized safety representative qualified in aircraft What must be done before operating with inoperable equipment? 135.179 Approved MEL list, placarded and recorded What is the IIMC procedure? 1. attitude 2. heading (only turn away fromknown obstacles) 3. climb power 4. climb airspeed 5. climb to MSA 6. degoggle 7. standard rate turns 8. ATC- declare emergency, squawk 7700 when able (location, altitude, heading, fuel status, #persons on board) 9. vectors to VMC or nearest approach What is required by 135.207 in order to operate a helicopter at night? Visual surface light reference sufficient to safely control the helicopter. What is required by 135.207 in order to operate a helicopter during the day? Visual surface reference sufficient to safely control the helicopter. Can night vision goggles satisfy the requirement for maintaining visual surface reference at night? Yes, however per the GOM a pilot will not accept a flight under NVG's that they would not accept for unaided flight given weather considerations. What topic is covered by section A021 in the ops specs? Helicopter emergency medical services operations. Where is the IIMC procedure template required to be? Posted at the base and in the aircraft. What are the VFR weather minimums when operating in Class G airspace for non mountainous flights in the local area during the day and night? Day: 800/2 Night: 800/3 (with NVIS or TAWS) Night: 1000/3 (no NVIS or TAWS) What are the VFR weather minimums when operating in Class G airspace for mountainous flights in the local area during the day and night? Day: 800/3 Night:1000/3 (with NVIS or TAWS) Night: 1500/3 (no NVIS or TAWS) When encountering deteriorating weather conditions enroute what options are available in accordance with the GOM? Divert to an alternate airport, return to the departure point, land or worst case IFR or IIMC procedure. What are the steps to maintain aircraft control during IIMC recovery? Attitude (level), heading (turn only to avoid known obstacles), power (adjust to climb power), airspeed (adjust to climb airspeed) What are the VFR weather minimums when operating in Class G airspace for mountainous flights outside the local area during the day and night? Day: 1000/3 Night: 1000/5 (with NVIS or TAWS) Night:1500/5 (no NVIS or TAWS) When requesting assistance from ATC what are the two requests that should be made and in what order? Radar vectors to VMC and vectors to the closest approach. Per AMC the pilot must ensure that all terrain and obstacles along the route of flight except for takeoff and landing are cleared vertically no less than what altitude during the day ? and night? Day: 300 Night: 500 What are the steps of the IIMC procedure? Maintain aircraft control, climb to MSA, degoggle when safely able, make all turns at no greater than standard rate, contact ATC and declare an emergency (squawk 7700 when able and report location, heading, fuel status, persons on board, declare IIMC and request assistance), complete the approach and land. When must cross-country weather minimums be utilized? Any flight outside the local area is a cross country operation. Pilots who have not passed the local flying area knowledge tests within the previous 12 calendar months must use cross country minimums. What does 135.207 relate to? VFR helicopter surface requirements. High Reconnaissance Purpose: wind direction and speed, touchdown point, suitability of landing area, approach and departure paths, obstacles and their effect on wind patterns, forced landing areas. Ground Reconnaissance Used to consider best profile for departure, wind direction and speed, size and shape of confined area, best means to manuever aircraft to planned point of departure. Low Reconnaissance Accomplished during the approach to verify what was observed during the high reconnaissance and to check for anything that might have been missed: wires, slopes, and other terrain features. LNAV Basic GPS appraoch with "L" lateral navigation flown to an MDA LNAV/VNAV (WAAS) Lateral navigation with vertical guidenace flown to a DA/DH LPV (WAAS) Satellite based precision approach with vertical guidance flown to a DA/DH Stablized Approach Concept Constant-angle glidepath is established and maintained to a predetermined point (before Landing Check complete, stable speed, rate of descent, vertical flight path, and landing configuration). What documents are required to be on board per the AMC GOM? GOM/Ops Specs Maintenance Log Airworthiness Certificate Aircraft Status Report (Ramco) RFM Aeronuatical Charts Passenger Briefing cards Cockpit Checklist Daily Flight Log Deferred Discrepancy Report FCC license (if required) IIMC Procedure Pilot Maintenance and Servicing Procedures Weight and Balance Information Loss of Tail Rotor Effectiveness Conditions: Airspeeds less than 30kts Main Rotor Disc Interference (35deg-75deg; relative wind). Downwash from main rotor into tail rotor. Weathercock Stability (120deg;-240deg; relative wind) causes aircraft to weathervane into wind. Tail Rotor Vortex Ring State (30deg;-150deg; relative wind) reduce the efficiency of the tail rotor -settling with power of tail rotor. High, heavy, hot Rocovery:Right pedal, reduce power, follow direction of turn, hovering auto Settling with Power Conditions Needed: 1. Zero or near zero airspeed 2. Some power (20%-100%) 3. Descent rate at least 300FPM. Contributing Conditions:High, heavy, hot, turbulence, adverse winds, low rotor RPM. Recover: Forward cyclic, reduce collective. Get out of downwash. Dynamic Rollover Need: pivot point and a rolling moment. Unrecoverable once the center of gravity is outside of the lateral limitsLeft skid down-translating tendancy adds to rollover force, left lateral center of gravity, crosswinds from the right, right yaw inputs. Recovery from Low RPM Conditions: high, heavy, hot, humid, engine failure, governor failureCorrective Action: reduce collective, check FFCL in governed range.