Portage Microbiology Lecture Exam 2 Already Graded A

Portage Microbiology Lecture Exam 2 Already Graded A True or False. The β-oxidation pathway catabolizes the fatty acid chains of lipids. True True or False. Metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. True What is the term for metal ions that assist enzymes during the catalysis reaction? Cofactor The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what 3 distinct transitions? 1. Glycolysis 2. Fermentation or Respiration 3. Electron Transport Chain What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of glucose? Throughout the electron transport chain up to 34 molecules of ATP are formed. Glycolysis and fermentation/respiration each yield only 2 STP. In order to convert proteins into amino acids which metabolic process would be active? catabolism Define catabolism breakdown of larger molecules into subunits How many ATP does the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle produce per pyruvate? A. 1 ATP B. 2 ATP C. 4 ATP D. 34 ATP A True or False: The Calvin cycle must occur in the absence of light. false Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ATP and ADP. ADP undergoes phosphorylation to become energy-rich ATP. A phosphoryl group is added to ADP by way of photophosphorylation, substrate-level phosphorylation, or oxidative-level phosphorylation. ATP is hydrolyzed in order to become ADP. Identify the reactants of the following chemical equation: Glucose + 2NAD+ → 2 NADH + 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP Glucose, 2NAD+ True or False. The reactants of the TCA cycle directly enter and fuel the electron transport system. False The process of carbon fixation begins with which of the following reactants: select all that apply. A. ATP B. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate C. CO2 D. NADPH E. H2O A, B, C, D, E In phosphorylation, the light reactions always occur where? The process of converting light energy into chemical energy (photophosphorylation) always occurs in the membrane. In the absence of glucose, which of the following can be used as alternative energy sources? Select all that apply. A. Lactose B. Nucleic acids C. Carbohydrates D. Lipids A, C, D An organism that obtains its source of carbon from inorganic molecules such as carbon dioxide is referred to as a ____________? autotroph Upon cellular injury, which metabolic process is involved during the growth and repair phases of the cell? The anabolic process would be active as it (by definition) is involved in the building up of small complexes into larger complexes. Identify the products of the following chemical equation: Glucose + 2NAD+ → 2 NADH + 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP 2NADH, 2 Pyruvates and 2 ATP True or False. Plants, algae and bacteria all contain chloroplasts. false Describe the relationship between chloroplasts and chlorophyll. Both are associated with photosynthesis. Chlorophyll is the photosynthetic pigment and is housed within double membrane-enclosed chloroplasts. How many turns (or repititions) of the Calvin Cycle are required to generate one molecule of glucose? six The process of photophosphorylation produces which of the following: select all that apply. H2O CO2 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate NADPH ATP NADPH, ATP What is one of the main functions of light reactions? the generation of a proton concentration gradient to generate ATP True or False: Enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve energy. false Complete the following equation by placing the appropriate numbers where indicated. [__]CO2 + [__]ATP + [__]NADPH + [__] H20 → C6H12O6 + [__]ADP + [__] NADP+ 1) 6 2) 18 3) 12 4) 12 5) 18 6) 12 True or False. The products of the TCA cycle enter and fuel the electron transport system. true Match the following reactions to its corresponding enzyme: 1.