ATLS Practice 2023

Definitive control of the airway is achieved by ____________ - Correct answerEndotracheal intubation How do you treat hypothermia in the ED? - Correct answer-crystalloid fluids at 102.2 degrees F and warmed treatment area What does definitive hemorrhage control refer to? (3) - Correct answer-1) Possible surgery 2) Stabilizing of pelvis 3) Angioembolization What are rates of fluid administration measured by? - Correct answer-Size and length of catheter Minimum flow rate of oxygen reservoir mask - Correct answer-11 L/min MCC of shock in trauma pt - Correct answer-Hypovolemia due to hemorrhage Describe the 3 for 1 rule - Correct answer-Replace each mL of blood loss with 3 ml of crystalloid solution What metabolic state can result from continued hemorrhage or decreased perfusion? - Correct answer-Metabolic acidosis In what survey, primary or secondary, are these identified? 1) Simple PTX 2) Pulmonary contusion 3) Traumatic aortic disruption - Correct answer-Secondary Via thorough PE, CXR, pulse ox, ECG and ABG What imaging study is preferred for penetrating abdominal trauma? - Correct answerCT What can FAST rapidly diagnose? - Correct answer-Abdominal hemorrhage When is a laparotomy indicated? - Correct answer-Fascial penetration with intraperitoneal bleeding or peritonitis What does the Monro Kellie doctrine describe? - Correct answer-The relationship between IC volume and pressure Normal resting ICP - Correct answer-10 mm HgHow do you reduce elevated ICP? - Correct answer-Mannitol in a 20% solution How do you temporarily control pelvic hemorrhage and instability? - Correct answerInternal traction and external counter-pressure How do you initially manage major arterial injury? - Correct answer-Direct pressure and fluid resuscitation Full thickness burn - Correct answer-Third degree burn What is used to estimate the size and depth of burns? - Correct answer-Rule of 9's Head= 9% Each arm=9% Front Trunk= 18% Back Trunk= 18% Upper leg= 9% Lower leg= 9% What type of burns appear wet and blistered? - Co