WGU C963 Objective Assessment Superset Test Bank Updated with complete solution

WGU C963 Objective Assessment Superset Test Bank Updated with complete solution Major contributors to social contract theory - ANSWER Hobbes, Locke, Reasseau Social Contract Theory - ANSWER We need food, clothing and shelter to survive and nothing should interfere with our ability to obtain them. We may also choose to believe in a god. The belief gives definition to our existance. Therefore it is important we define ourselves as individuals. Enlightenment Influence on Constitution - ANSWER Bill of Rights and the Second Amendment, Ninth Amendment Bill of Rights (Enlightenment) - ANSWER The first eight Bill of Rights Declaration of Independence (Enlightenment) - ANSWER people have rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness Articles of Confederation weaknesses - ANSWER No executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade Articles of Confederation - Strengths - ANSWER Provided direction for the Revolution, the ability to conduct diplomacy with Europe, and deal with territorial issues and Native American relations. New Jersey Plan - ANSWER The proposal at the Constitutional Convention that called for equal representation of each state in Congress regardless of the state's population. Virginia Plan - ANSWER Proposal to create a strong national government Constitutional Convention - ANSWER A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution Three-Fifths compromise - ANSWER Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment). Bicameral congress. Checks and Balances - ANSWER A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power Separation of Powers - ANSWER Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law Federalists - ANSWER A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution during ratification debates in state legislatures. Anti-Federalists - ANSWER Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption. Ratifying the Constitution - ANSWER Article VII, 9 out of 13 states had to agree, it was ratified at state conventions Federalist #10 (factions) - ANSWER Elites can never take over rule of the government due to too many factions. Federalist #51 (Madison) - ANSWER Separation of powers, checks and balances Separations of Powers - ANSWER The division of the federal government into three branches each with its own powers Government Branches - ANSWER Three sections of the US government: legislative, executive, and judicial. Each branch has powers that restrict the other branches powers. How are laws made and enforced using the separation of powers - ANSWER Congress originates laws Judicial branch reviews laws for constitutionality Executive branch enforces laws