AQA AS PSYCHOLOGY 7181/2 Paper 2 Psychology in context Question Paper + Mark scheme [MERGED] June 2022 *JUN* IB/G/Jun22/E8 7181/2 For Examiner’s Use Section Mark A B C

AQA AS PSYCHOLOGY 7181/2 Paper 2 Psychology in context Question Paper + Mark scheme [MERGED] June 2022 *JUN* IB/G/Jun22/E8 7181/2 For Examiner’s Use Section Mark A B C TOTAL Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes Materials For this paper you may use: • a calculator. Instructions • Use black ink or black ball-point pen. • Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. • Answer all questions. • You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write outside the box around each page or on blank pages. • If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of this book. Write the question number against your answer(s). • Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. Information • The marks for questions are shown in brackets. • The maximum mark for this paper is 72. • You will be assessed on your ability to: – use good English – organise information clearly – use specialist vocabulary where appropriate. Please write clearly in block capitals. Centre number Candidate number Surname Forename(s) Candidate signature I declare this is my own work. AS PSYCHOLOGY Paper 2 Psychology in context 2 *02* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the Section A box Approaches in Psychology Answer all questions in this section. 0 1 Explain the process of synaptic transmission. [4 marks] Extra space 3 *03* Turn over ► IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the Ian is telling his friend that he was nearly involved in a car accident. “I was driving box home when a branch fell in the road. My heart started to beat very fast and my mouth went dry. I slammed on the brakes and avoided hitting the branch. As I drove away, it took some time for my heart rate to come back down to normal.” 0 2 Outline the role of adrenalin in the fight or flight response. Refer to Ian’s experiences in your answer. [6 marks] Extra space 4 *04* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the box 0 3 Briefly outline how Pavlov investigated classical conditioning. [3 marks] Extra space 0 4 Grace’s room is always messy. Her older sister, Lily, keeps her room very tidy. The next time Lily tidies her room, the girls’ mother gives Lily five pounds. Using your knowledge of social learning theory, explain why Grace might be more likely to tidy her room in the future. [5 marks] 5 *05* Turn over ► IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the 0 5 Outline what is meant by cognitive neuroscience box . [4 marks] 0 6 Briefly explain one strength of the cognitive approach in psychology. [2 marks] Turn over for Section B 24 6 *06* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the Section B box Psychopathology Answer all questions in this section. Rita is talking to her therapist about her phobia of dogs. “I am terrified of dogs. When I see one, I cannot move until it has walked away. I cannot go to my friend’s house any longer because she has two dogs and I shake when they come near me. I try not to leave the house in case I see one on the street.” 0 7 . 1 Give two behavioural characteristics of phobias that would be seen in someone who has a phobia of dogs. Refer to Rita in your answer. [4 marks] 7 *07* Turn over ► IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the 0 7 box . 2 Explain how the therapist could use systematic desensitisation to treat Rita’s phobia of dogs. [4 marks] Extra space 0 8 Describe one cognitive explanation of depression. [4 marks] 8 *08* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the box 0 9 Outline and evaluate statistical infrequency and deviation from ideal mental health as definitions of abnormality. [12 marks] You may use this space to plan your answer. 9 *09* Turn over ► IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the box 10 *10* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the box Extra space 24 11 *11* Turn over ► IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the Turn over for the next section box DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED 12 *12* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the Section C box Research Methods Answer all questions in this section. Only two answers per question are allowed. For each question completely fill in the circle alongside the appropriate answer. CORRECT METHOD WRONG METHODS If you want to change your answer you must cross out your original answer as shown. If you wish to return to an answer previously crossed out, ring the answer you now wish to select as shown. A psychologist investigated the relationship between stress and illness at a local school. The psychologist placed an advert on the staffroom noticeboard. Ten teachers contacted the psychologist offering to complete the psychologist’s questionnaire. In the questionnaire stress levels were measured on a scale from 1 to 10, with a higher score indicating greater stress. The questionnaire also asked how many days they had been absent from work due to sickness in the previous six months. 1 0 . 1 Write a suitable operationalised non-directional hypothesis for this investigation. [3 marks] 1 0 . 2 Identify the sampling method used in this investigation. [1 mark] 13 *13* Turn over ► IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the The results from the study are shown in Figure 1 below. box Figure 1 The relationship between stress level scores 1–10 and number of days absent from work due to sickness in the previous six months 1 0 . 3 What does the graph in Figure 1 suggest about the relationship between stress and illness? [2 marks] Question 10 continues on the next page 14 *14* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the box 1 0 . 4 Explain why the psychologist could not conclude that stress caused illness on the basis of the data in Figure 1. [3 marks] 1 0 . 5 Which two of the following best describe the stress level scores collected by the psychologist? Shade two boxes. [2 marks] A Meta-analysis B Primary C Qualitative D Quantitative E Secondary 15 *15* Turn over ► IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the In a follow-up study, the psychologist asked the same ten teachers to take part in an box experiment to compare two strategies designed to encourage relaxation and lower heart rate. Condition 1: Five of the teachers were given meditation techniques to complete every day for a week. Condition 2: The other five teachers were given a healthy diet to follow for a week. Each teacher’s heart rate was measured at the start of the week and at the end of the week. The results are summarised in Table 1. Table 1 Mean and standard deviation values for meditation and healthy diet conditions Meditation condition Healthy diet condition Start of week End of week Start of week End of week Mean heart rate Standard deviation 3.8 1.8 4.0 3.9 1 1 . 1 What do the mean values in Table 1 suggest about the effectiveness of the different strategies? Justify your answer. [2 marks] 1 1 . 2 What do the standard deviation values for the meditation condition suggest? Justify your answer. [2 marks] 16 *16* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the 1 1 box . 3 Outline how the psychologist could have obtained informed consent when conducting the follow-up study. [3 marks] 1 1 . 4 In the follow-up study, the psychologist used a different group of people in each condition, which could have affected the results. Outline two ways in which the psychologist might change the design of this study to deal with this problem. [6 marks] Change 1 Change 2 END OF QUESTIONS 24 17 *17* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the There are no questions printed on this page box DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED 18 *18* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the box Question number Additional page, if required. Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin. 19 *19* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the box Question number Additional page, if required. Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin. 20 *20* IB/G/Jun22/7181/2 Do not write outside the box Question number Additional page, if required. Write the question numbers in the left-hand margin. Copyright information For confidentiality purposes, all acknowledgements of third-party copyright material are published in a separate booklet. This booklet is published after each live examination series and is available for free download from . Permission to reproduce all copyright material has been applied for. 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