EXAM III: Chapter 12 - Adaptive Immunity 2023 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

1. How does adaptive immunity differ from innate immunity? A) Adaptive immunity generates immunological memory. B) Adaptive immunity's effects are immediate upon exposure to a pathogen. C) Adaptive immunity is specific to each pathogen. D) Adaptive immunity generates immunological memory and is specific to a pathogen. E) Adaptive immunity generates immunological memory and its effects are immediate upon exposure to a pathogen. D) Adaptive immunity generates immunological memory and is specific to a pathogen. 2. The branches of adaptive immunity are A) the cellular response and the humoral response. B) the antigen response and the memory response. C) the cellular response and the memory response. D) the humoral response and the memory response. E) the cellular response, the humoral response, and the memory response. A) the cellular response and the humoral response. 3. All the following apply to T cells except A) originate in the bone marrow. B) mature in the thymus. C) reside in the lymphoid tissue. D) coordinate the humoral response by making antibodies. E) have the capacity to recognize virtually any type of antigen. D) coordinate the humoral response by making antibodies. 4. All the following apply to B cells except A) coordinate the humoral response by making antibodies. B) mature in the bone marrow. C) play a critical role in both the cellular and humoral responses. D) reside in the lymphoid tissue. E) originate in the bone marrow. C) play a critical role in both the cellular and humoral responses. 5. A substance that may trigger an immune response, if presented in the right context is termed a(n) A) antibody. B) antigen. C) cytokine. D) effector. E) hapten. B) antigen. 6. Which statement does not apply to haptens? A) Haptens are generally too small to be immunogenic on their own. B) Haptens must bind to a more complex molecule to stimulate an immune response. C) Haptens are also known as incomplete antigens. D) Antibiotics such as penicillin are often haptens. E) Haptens are any nonpathogenic substance, rather than a microorganism, which can stimulate an immune response. E) Haptens are any nonpathogenic substance, rather than a microorganism, which can stimulate an immune response. 7. The cellular branch of adaptive immunity A) is organized by T helper cells and carried out by T cytotoxic cells. B) is organized by T cytotoxic cells and carried out by T helper cells. C) is based on antibody production. D) is based on the activity of both T and B cells. E) does not involve a memory function. A) is organized by T helper cells and carried out by T cytotoxic cells. 8. When "matching" a donated organ or tissue to a recipient, it is necessary that the ________ of the donor and the recipient be as similar as possible. A) antibodies B) APCs C) blood type D) MHCs E) T helper cells D) MHCs 9. Which of the following is not required for T cell activation? A) antibody B) bound antigen C) co-stimulatory proteins D) involvement of CD4 or CD8 E) MHC I or II A) antibody 10. Which lymphocyte type is shown attacking the infected cell in the figure? A) cytotoxic T cell B) helper T cell C) memory T cell D) B cell E) antigen-presenting cell A) cytotoxic T cell 11. Cytotoxic T cells eliminate pathogens by A) releasing chemicals which cause infected or cancerous cells to undergo apoptosis. B) releasing chemicals which are toxic to cellular pathogens. C) ingesting and digesting cellular pathogens. D) ingesting and digesting infected or cancerous cells. E) coordinating the activities of other immune cells. A) releasing chemicals which cause infected or cancerous cells to undergo apoptosis.