Paramedic test questions (A+ graded 100% latest update)

What does RICE mean correct answerRest , ice , compression , elevation SLUDGEM correct answerSalivation , urination , defecation , Gi distress , emesis , miosis What part of initial assessment would you perform a needle decompression correct answerBreathing The most reliable indicator of early decompensated shock is correct answerLevel of consciousness A paramedic who intubates the esophagus instead of the trachea and leaves it in has breached his duty by correct answerMisfeasance Identifying the mechanism of injury is done in what part of the primary survey correct answerScene size up What orthostatic changes occur when going from supine to sitting position correct answerBp decreases 10-20mmHg Hr increases 10-20Bpm OPQRST correct answerOnset , Provokes , Quality , Radiates , Severity , Time The act of injuring a persons character by spoken word correct answerSlander A sudden shortness of breath that occurs at night and sometimes wakes a person from sleep correct answerParoxysmal nocturnal dyspnea How the focused history and physical exam are performed is based on the initial assessment and correct answerThe patient's chief complaint The rules that govern the conduct of a particular group or profession correct answerEthics The history for a responsive patient should include correct answerChief complaint , history of present illness , past medical history and current health status Consent for treatment that is presumed for a patient who is mentally , physically or emotionally unable to grant consent is called correct answerImplied consent Drug legislation passed in 1906 to protect the public from adulterated or mislabeled drugs correct answerPure Food and Drug Act According to the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 , Valium , Lorazepam and Phenobarbital are correct answerSchedule IV drugs Stimulation of Beta 2 receptors will cause the following correct answerBronchodilaton , Vasodilation , Glycogenolysis How a drug is absorbed , distributed , metabolized and excreted is called correct answerPharmacodynamics What are example of parenteral drug routes correct answerIV, IM , SL When two drugs that have the same effect are given together they produce a response greater than the sum of their individual responses it is called correct answerSynergism Drugs that produce a state of paralysis without affecting consciousness are called correct answerNeuromuscular blocking agents Beta 2 specific agents used to treat asthma include correct answerProventil The substance secreted by pancreatic islets by the alpha cells that increases blood glucose levels is correct answerGlucagon When should you not attempt intubation in a pediatric patients unless airway failure is imminent correct answerIf you suspect epiglottis Pulmonary ventilation is important in maintaining a normal acid-base balance because it can correct answerRetain or rapidly eliminate large volumes of carbon dioxide Physiologically the term respiration refers to correct answerThe exchange of gases at the cellular level The preferred neuromuscular blocking agent for RSI is correct answerSuccinylcholine When a portion of the lung is unavailable for gas exchange , yet pulmonary circulation continues in that area you have a condition called correct answerVentilation-Perfusion mismatch The Hypoxic drive is stimulated by correct answerLow PaCo2 The average volume of gas inhaled in one respiratory cycle is called correct answerThe tidal volume When would you expect to find a very low end tidal CO2 levels despite a patent airway correct answerWhen the patient is in cardiac arrest What is the primary difference between the adult and pediatric airway correct answerThe narrowest part of the pediatric airway is the cricoid ring in the trachea The most ominous finding of auscultation is correct answerSilent chest In a healthy individual this type of shock may not present with cool , pale , moist skin , tachycardia and narrowed pulse pressure correct answerNeurogenic shock When a object or force impacts the body and kinetic energy is transferred through body tissues the result is correct answerBlunt trauma What layer of the arteries controls the diameter correct answerTunica media What are the layers of a artery correct answerTunica intima , tunica media , tunica adventitia A early indicator of internal hemorrhage is correct answerChange in mental status They are located in the aortic arch , monitor blood pressure and send feedback to the medulla oblongata to maintain homeostasis correct answerBaroreceptors The following occurs in late stage decompensated shock correct answerThe blood pressure falls Kinetic energy is correct answerThe energy a object has while it is in motion The Frank - Starling mechanism is correct answerThe process by which an increase in cardiac output occurs in proportion to the diastolic stretch of heart muscle fibers The amount of venous blood returning to the heart is known as correct answerPreload Shock caused by histamine release is correct answerAnaphylactic shock Injuries commonly associated with penetrating chest trauma are correct answerMyocardial contusion , pericardial tamponade and hemothorax The formation of a partial vacuum and subsequent cavity within a semi fluid medium is correct answerCavitation The glands that secrete fluid within the dermis are correct answerSebaceous glands The finding of JVD in A patient with thoracic trauma is usually associated with correct answerHemothorax , Traumatic Aphyxia , Tension Pneumothorax Formula for fluid resuscitation of burn victims includes correct answer4ml x patient weight/kg x BSA burned Intraperitoneal hemorrhage that occurs with blunt force trauma can result from correct answerA ruptured spleen The major difference when using the rule of nines between adult and pediatric patients is correct answerThe head is of a infant is nearly twice as large proportionally as a adult 18% Hypovolemic shock correct answerCaused by the loss of body fluids Cardiogenic shock correct answerCaused the heart failing to pump blood adequately to all vital parts of the body Neurogenic shock correct answerCaused by the failure nervous system to control the diameter of blood vessels as seen with spinal cord injuries Anaphylactic shock correct answerA life threatening reaction of the body to a allergen Psychogenic shock correct answerFainting : is a nervous system reaction often brought about by fear , bad news or the the sight of blood Metabolic shock correct answerCaused by the loss of body fluids and changes in body chemistry including salt balance and acid-base balance Septic shock correct answerCaused by severe infection toxins are released into the bloodstream causing the blood vessels to dilate increasing the volume of the circulatory system beyond functional limits Shock correct answerThe body's reaction to low tissue perfusion The skin is collectively know as correct answerThe Integumentary system The major problem that results from a pneumothorax is correct answerRespiratory function is impaired Schedule I medications correct answerHigh potential for abuse no medical indications i.e. Heroin , LSD Schedule II medications correct answerHigh potential for abuse accepted medical indications i.e. Morphine , Dilaudid , Meperidine. Prescriptions must be filled within 24 hours Schedule III medications correct answerLesser abuse potential accepted medical indications i.e. Acetaminophen with codiene Schedule IV medications correct answerLow abuse for potential may cause dependence i.e. Valium Schedule V medications correct answerLow potential for abuse contains small quantities of narcotics i.e cough medications and antidiarrheal medications SAMPLE correct answerSigns and Symptoms , Allergies , Medications , Past medical history , Last meal , Events leading up to What are the four drug names correct answerChemical , Generic , Trade and Official Sympathetic nervous system hormones correct answerEpinephrine and Norepinephrine Sympathetic nervous system correct answerFight or Flight alpha and beta receptors Sympathetic nervous system when stimulated will cause correct answer+ Inotropic effects , + Cronotropic effects and + Dronotropic effects Parasympathetic nervous system " Feed or Breed" correct answerControls vegetative functions mediated through the Vagus nerve Parasympathetic nervous system mediator correct answerAcetylcholine Ach Parasympathetic nervous system when stimulated will correct answerCause a slowing of the heart through the SA and AV nodes Sympathomimetic correct answerA pharmacological agent that mimics the effects of the Sympathetic Nervous system Malfeasance correct answerA breach of duty by performance of a wrongful or unlawful act Misfeasance correct answerA breach of duty by performance of a legal act in a manner that is harmful or injurious Nonfeasance correct answerA breach of duty by failure to perform a required act or duty Informed consent correct answerConsent for treatment that is given based on full disclosure of information Expressed consent correct answerVerbal , nonverbal , or written communication by a patient that he wishes to receive medical care Implied consent correct answerConsent for treatment that is presumed for a patient that is mentally , physically or emotionally unable to grant consent Involuntary consent correct answerConsent to treatment granted by the authority of a court order Emancipated minor correct answerA person under 18 years of age who is married , pregnant , a parent , a member of the armed forces or financially independent and living away from home Diffusion correct answerThe movement of a substance from a area of greater concentration to a area of lesser concentration Osmosis correct answerThe passage of a solvent such as water through a membrane Ph correct answerPotential of hydrogen a measure of relative acidity or alkalinity normal Ph range is 7.35 - 7.45 Sebum correct answerFatty secretion of sebaceous gland that helps keep the skin pliable and waterproof Sudoriferous glands correct answerGlands within the dermis that secrete sweat Axial skeleton correct answerBones of the head , thorax and spine Appendicular skeleton correct answerBones of the extremities , shoulder girdle and pelvis except the sacrum Clinical death correct answerCessation of breathing brain death begins in 4-6 minutes Biological death correct answerBegins 10 minutes after breathing ceases Tendon correct answerTissue that connects muscle to bone Sprain correct answerA partially torn ligament Strain correct answerThe overstretching or mild tear of a muscle Ligament correct answerTissue that connects bone to bone Alpha drug receptors correct answerAre in lungs and arteries they vasoconstrict and bronchodilate Beta 1 drug receptors correct answerAre in the heart and cause + Inotropic effects , + Cronotropic effects and + Dronotropic effects Beta 2 drug receptors correct answerAre in the lungs they bronchodilate and peripheral vasodilation Drug sources correct answerPlant , animal , mineral and synthetic The alveoli are moistened and kept open by a chemical called correct answerSurfactant The portion of the brain that controls ventilation is the correct answerMedulla What is the most important determinant of ventilatory rate correct answerArterial PCO2 A common sign of asthma is correct answerA persistent cough Kehr's sign correct answerReferred pain to the left shoulder usually indicative of a ruptured spleen The tissue lining of the trachea is correct answerCiliated and mucous secreting Pulsus Paradoxus correct answerA drop of more 10mmHg in systolic BP during inspiration Pulsus Alternans correct answerAlteration of weak and strong pulses over time ST segment elevation correct answerMyocardial injury ST segment depression correct answerMyocardial ischemia T wave inversion correct answerMyocardial ischemia Beck's triad correct answerFalling Bp , JVD , Muffled Heart Sounds Leads I , II , III form the correct answerEinthoven's triangle Two or more blood vessels communicating to ensure circulation is called correct answerAnastomosis Pressure wave in the arteries is a correct answerPulse The appendix is located in the correct answerLower right quadrant The spleen is located in the correct answerUpper left quadrant The gallbladder is located in the correct answerRight upper quadrant below the liver The liver is located in the correct answerUpper right quadrant with a small portion in the upper left quadrant Where is the stomach located correct answerLeft upper quadrant Stage I of labor correct answerWhen the cervix is dilated Stage II of labor correct answerWhen the baby is delivered Stage III of labor correct answerWhen the placenta is delivered S A L I correct answerSeptal : V1, V2 LAD Anterior:V3, V4 LAD Lateral : V5 , V6 , I , AVL Circ Inferior : II , III , AVF RCA Cushing's Triad correct answerIncreasing BP , Decreasing Heart rate and Irregular respirations DOPE Et Tube correct answerDisplacement Obstruction Pneumothorax Esophagus The action of Dopamine correct answerDopaminergic effects .5 - 5 mcg/kg Beta1 effects 5-10 mcg/kg Alpha effects at 10- 20 mcg/kg What is the most common extra cellular cation correct answerSodium What is the most common intracelluar cation correct answerPotassium What are the contraindications of a Combitube correct answerOver 7" tall , under 16y/o , known esophageal disease , ingestion of caustic substances , intact gag reflex , conscious patient or any patient under 5" tall What are some of the bad effects of the Combitube correct answerVomiting typically occurs upon removal , and it does not maintain c-spine alignment What is the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex correct answerInflation and deflation reflexes that regulate the rhythmic ventilation of the lungs thereby preventing over distenstion and extreme deflation What does the pituitary gland secrete correct answerAcetylcholine and Oxytocin What commonly causes a Dystonic reaction correct answerA OD on antipsychotic meds such as Haldol , Thorazine , Compazine Prochlorperazine or Stemzine How many gtts/min is a KVO rate correct answerAnything less 100 gtts/min GCS correct answerEyes(1-4) , Verbal (1-5) , Motor (1-6) Osmosis correct answerProcess of water moving from a lesser concentration to a greater concentration Diffusion correct answerProcess of gases regulating from higher concentration to lower concentration