NURS 4357 UNIT 6 HOMEWORK 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

NURS 4357 UNIT 6 HOMEWORKUNIT 6 HOMEWORK Hinkle Chapter 17: Preoperative Nursing Management I. Define the phases of perioperative patient care. - Preoperative phase: begins when the decision to proceed with surgical intervention is made and ends with the transfer of the patient onto the operating room (OR) bed - Intraoperative phase: begins when the patient is transferred onto the OR bed and ends with admission to the PACU (post anesthesia care unit) - Postoperative phase: begins with the admission of the patient to the PACU and ends with a follow-up evaluation in the clinical setting or home II. Describe a comprehensive preoperative assessment to identify pertinent health and surgical risk factors. - Health history and physical exam - Medications and allergies - Nutritional, fluid status - Dentition - Drug or alcohol use - Respiratory and cardiovascular status - Hepatic, renal function - Endocrine function - Immune function - Previous medication use - Psychosocial factors - Spiritual, cultural beliefs III. Describe considerations related to preoperative nursing care of older adult patients, patients who are obese, and patients with disabilities. - Geriatric: Cardiac reserves are lower, Renal and hepatic functions are depressed, Gastrointestinal activity is likely to be reduced, Respiratory compromise, decreased subcutaneous fat; more susceptible to temperature changes, may need more time and multiple explanations to understand and retain what is communicated restrictions - Obese: Increased fatty tissue leads to an increased risk for infections, more technical and mechanical problems, shallow respirations when in supine position can lead to hypoventilation, dehiscence and wound infections more common