JMU Bio 140 Exam 1 | 186 Questions with 100% Correct Answers

JMU Bio 140 Exam 1 | 186 Questions with 100% Correct Answers What are the steps in the scientific method? Correct Answer: -exploration and discovery -testing ideas -community analysis and feedback -benefits and outcomes Define Theory Correct Answer: A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of gives that have been repeatedly confirmed The earth's crust consist mainly of what elements? Correct Answer: oxygen and silicon The human body consist mainly of what elements? Correct Answer: oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen Are viruses made of cells? Correct Answer: no What is the central dogma? Correct Answer: DNA -> RNA -> Protein When simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules, the entropy inside the cell __________. Correct Answer: decreases When energy is released as heat, what happens to the entropy? Correct Answer: the entropy increases Humans and chimpanzees share _______% of our DNA. Correct Answer: 98.8 What do nodes do? Correct Answer: indicate a common ancestor What makes a good hypothesis? Correct Answer: a prediction about observations not yet made and can be tested by experiment or further observation What are the characteristics of life? Correct Answer: -complexity -ability to change in response to the environment -ability to reproduce -capacity to evolve What two elements make up 99% of matter? Correct Answer: hydrogen and helium What is the first law of thermodynamics? Correct Answer: energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another What is the second law of thermodynamics? Correct Answer: the degree of disorder in the universe tends to increase The amount of disorder in a system is the ________ of the system Correct Answer: entropy Who completed the experiment with rotting meat? Correct Answer: Francesco Redi What did Francesco Redi's experiment prove? Correct Answer: living things only come from other living things What was the hypothesis which Louis Pasture tested? Correct Answer: that microorganisms can arise by spontaneous generation What did Louis Pasture's experiment prove? Correct Answer: that microbes carried on airborne dust particles is necessary for microbial growth Define plasma membrane Correct Answer: separates the living material within the cell from the nonliving environment around it What is the main difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes? Correct Answer: prokaryotes do not have a nucleus What are the two sources by which organisms acquire energy? Correct Answer: sun and chemical compounds Define metabolism Correct Answer: chemical reactions by which cells convert energy from one form to another and build and breakdown molcules Define ATP Correct Answer: stored energy in a chemical form How does a virus spread? Correct Answer: hijacks a cell Define natural selection Correct Answer: the process whereby organisms better adapt to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring Define environmental variation Correct Answer: different environments have an effect on the organism Define genetic variation Correct Answer: difference in genetic material that is transmitted from parents to offspring Define ecology Correct Answer: the study of how organisms interact with one another and with their physical environment in nature Elements are made up of _______ type(s) of atom(s) Correct Answer: one Atoms are made up of what? Correct Answer: -protons -neutrons -electron Atoms' nucleus is made of what? Correct Answer: protons and neutrons What is the charge of protons? Correct Answer: positive