AMLS PRE-TEST (ALS) - STUDY 2 of 2022

An elderly patient in an assisted-living facility presents with a diminished level of consciousness and elevated white blood count. Assessment reveals pale, clammy skin and a urinary catheter with dark-colored urine. Vital signs are P 132, R 38 and shallow, BP 78/46, SpO2 91%, and T 100.8°F (32.8°C). What classification of shock is the patient most likely experiencing? - ANSWER-Distributive An anxious male complains of a sore throat, fever, chills, dental pain, and dyspnea. The patient has a firm, red pronounced swelling in the sublingual anterior throat area and tongue. What diagnosis is most likely? - ANSWER-Ludwig's angina Healthcare providers should use extreme caution with nitroglycerin when ST elevation is present in which ECG leads? - ANSWER-II, III, aVF An autoimmune disease that produces antibodies that mimic the role of TSH and cause an increase in thyroid hormones is: - ANSWER-Graves' disease A patient presents with mildly decreased mental status, slow respirations, bradycardia, hypotension, and has a blood glucose level of 42 mg/dL (2.3 mmol/L). This is most likely caused from excessive ingestion of: - ANSWER-Beta blockers The patient presents with a history of headache, weight loss, chest discomfort, night sweats, and a persistent cough for several weeks. Which infectious disease is most likely occurring? - ANSWER-Tuberculosis A known chronic alcoholic complains of the constant, severe mid-epigastric pain, nausea, and blood-streaked emesis. The patient has a temperature of 101.9°F (38.8°C) and severe abdominal tenderness. What underlying diagnosis should be suspected? - ANSWER-Pancreatitis During compensatory shock, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated to cause a/an: - ANSWER-Increase in preload, afterload, and re-absorption of sodium. A patient experiences unilateral facial weakness and droop, garbled speech, altered sense of taste, and no extremity weakness. The patient has a history of Lyme disease. What condition is the patient likely experiencing? - ANSWER-Bell's palsy What is the most effective treatment for an unconscious patient in respiratory acidosis? - ANSWER-Assisted bag-mask ventilation What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Coma (HHNC)? - ANSWER-Crystalloid IV fluid resuscitation A lethargic patient presents with dilated pupils and vital signs of P 122, R 26, and BP 130/80. He admits to excessive ingestion of diphenhydramine. What response is the cause for the presenting signs and symptoms? - ANSWER-Anticholinergic A patient describes an "aching" sensation in his chest that occurred suddenly while restingand radiates to the jaw. He self-administered 1 nitroglycerin tablet without relief, and the 12 lead reveals a normal sinus rhythm with ST elevation in leads II, III, and aVF. What working diagnosis is most likely? - ANSWER-Inferior wall myocardial injury Healthcare providers are assessing a patient with pronounced jugular vein distention and muffled heart tones. Vitals are P 128, R 26, BP 74/52. What classification of shock should be suspected? - ANSWER-Obstructive A 42-year-old patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis is taking glucocorticoids. Over the past 2 weeks, she complains of chronic fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite with weight loss. Lab results indicate hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. What underlying diagnosis is suspected? - ANSWER-Adrenal insufficiency Healthcare providers are treating an unresponsive patient who overdosed on lorazepam. What intervention should be initiated? - ANSWER-Airway support A patient with suspected gallbladder disease is asked to take a deep breath while the provider presses upward into the upper right quadrant. If the patient ceases inspiration due to increased pain while being examined, this is known as: - ANSWER-Murphy's sign Select an example of a communication barrier that impairs an efficient and thorough assessment process. - ANSWER-The patient can't find his hearing aid. Glucagon may not be effective treatment for a patient with hypoglycemia if they also havewhich underlying illness? - ANSWER-Alcoholism A 24-year-old female presents with lower right quadrant abdominal pain. Her skin is hot to the touch and she exhibits a Psoas sign. She complains of nausea and vomiting for 2 days. What diagnosis is suspected? - ANSWER-Appendicitis Which condition should the healthcare provider consider usually to be a nonemergent, non-life threatening illness? - ANSWER-Thoracic outlet syndrome Organophosphate poisoning will present with which signs and symptoms? - ANSWERSalivation and incontinence of urine and liquid stool. Patients on mechanical ventilation may have hypoxemia due to alveolar collapse from mucous plugging. The best treatment for this is to: - ANSWER-Administer PEEP Healthcare providers are managing a patient presenting with substernal chest discomfort. They describe the pain as "pressure-like" and it radiates to the jaw and left arm. The discomfort subsides with rest, oxygen and administration of nitrog