WONG'S NURSING CARE OF THE CHILD WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION-STUDY GUIDE

WONG'S NURSING CARE OF THE CHILD WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION-STUDY GUIDE 100%CORRECT QUESTIONS ,ANSWERS AND RATIONALES The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction Hockenberry Test Bank: Wong’s Essentials of Pediatric Nursing, 10th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A chest radiograph film is ordered for a child with suspected cardiac problems. The child’s parent asks the nurse, “What will the radiograph show about the heart?” What knowledge about the x-ray should the nurse include in the response to the parents? a. Bones of chest but not the heart b. Measurement of electrical potential generated from heart muscle c. Permanent record of heart size and configuration d. Computerized image of heart vessels and tissues 2. The nurse is assessing a child after a cardiac catheterization. Which complication should the nurse be assessing for? a. Cardiac arrhythmia b. Hypostatic pneumonia c. Heart failure d. Rapidly increasing blood pressure 3. José is a 4-year-old child scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. What should be included in preoperative teaching? a. Directed at his parents because he is too young to understand b. Detailed in regard to the actual procedures so he will know what to expect c. Done several days before the procedure so that he will be prepared d. Adapted to his level of development so that he can understand 4. Which explanation regarding cardiac catheterization is appropriate for a preschool child? a. Postural drainage will be performed every 4 to 6 hours after the test. b. It is necessary to be completely “asleep” during the test. c. The test is short, usually taking less than 1 hour. d. When the procedure is done, you will have to keep your leg straight for at least 4 hours. 5. The nurse is caring for a school-age child who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that the bandage is “too wet.” The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. What is the priority nursing action? a. Notify physician b. Apply new bandage with more pressure c. Place the child in Trendelenburg position d. Apply direct pressure above catheterization site 6. The nurse is preparing an adolescent for discharge after a cardiac catheterization. Which statement by the adolescent would indicate a need for further teaching? a. “I should avoid tub baths but may shower.” b. “I have to stay on strict bed rest for 3 days.” c. “I should remove the pressure dressing the day after the procedure.” d. “I may attend school but should avoid exercise for several days.” 7. What does the surgical closure of the ductus arteriosus do? a. Stop the loss of unoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation b. Decrease the edema in legs and feet c. Increase the oxygenation of blood d. Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs 8. Which defect results in increased pulmonary blood flow? a. Pulmonic stenosis b. Tricuspid atresia c. Atrial septal defect d. Transposition of the great arteries 9. The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on congenital heart defects. Which structural defect constitutes tetralogy of Fallot? a. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy b. Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy c. Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy d. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy 10. A nurse is teaching nursing students the physiology of congenital heart defects. Which defect results in decreased pulmonary blood flow? a. Atrial septal defect b. Tetralogy of Fallot c. Ventricular septal defect d. Patent ductus arteriosus 11. Which is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures? a. Pulmonary congestion b. Congenital heart defect c. Heart failure d. Systemic venous congestion 12. Which is a clinical manifestation of the systemic venous congestion that can occur with heart failure? a. Tachypnea b. Tachycardia c. Peripheral edema d. Pale, cool extremities 13. The nurse is preparing to administer a dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) to a child in heart failure (HF). Which is a beneficial effect of administering digoxin (Lanoxin)? a. It decreases edema. b. It decreases cardiac output. c. It increases heart size. d. It increases venous pressure. 14. A nurse is preparing to administer an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which drug should the nurse administer? a. Captopril (Capoten) b. Furosemide (Lasix) c. Spironolactone (Aldactone) d. Chlorothiazide (Diuril) 15. An 8-year-old child is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should notify the practitioner and withhold the medication if the apical pulse is less than beats/min. a. 60 b. 70 c. 90 d. 100 16. A 6-month-old infant is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse should notify the practitioner and withhold the medication if the apical pulse is less than beats/min. a. 60 b. 70 c. 90 to 110 d. 110 to 120 17. The nurse is teaching parents about signs of digoxin (Lanoxin) toxicity. Which is a common sign of digoxin toxicity? a. Seizures b. Vomiting c. Bradypnea d. Tachycardia 18. The parents of a young child with heart failure tell the nurse that they are “nervous” about giving digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse’s response should be based on which statement? a. It is a safe, frequently used drug. b. It is difficult to either overmedicate or undermedicate with digoxin. c. Parents lack the expertise necessary to administer digoxin. d. Parents must learn specific, important guidelines for administration of digoxin. 19. The nurse is talking to a parent of an infant with heart failure about feeding the infant. Which statement about feeding the child is correct? a. “You may need to increase the caloric density of your infant’s formula.” b. “You should feed your baby every 2 hours.” c. “You may need to increase the amount of formula your infant eats with each feeding.” d. “You should place a nasal oxygen cannula on your infant during and after each feeding 20. As part of the treatment for heart failure, the child takes the diuretic furosemide (Lasix). As part of teaching home care, the nurse encourages the family to give the child foods such as bananas, oranges, and leafy vegetables. These foods are recommended because they are high in which nutrient? a. Chlorides b. Potassium c. Sodium d. Vitamins 21. An 8-month-old infant has a hypercyanotic spell while blood is being drawn. What is the priority nursing action? a. Assess for neurologic defects b. Place the child in the knee-chest position c. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation d. Prepare family for imminent death 22. The nurse is caring for a child with persistent hypoxia secondary to a cardiac defect. The nurse recognizes that a risk exists of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes). Which is an important objective to decrease this risk? a. Minimize seizures b. Prevent dehydration c. Promote cardiac output d. Reduce energy expenditure 23. Parents of a 3-year-old child with congenital heart disease are afraid to let their child play with other children because of possible overexertion. The nurse’s reply should be based on which statement? a. The child needs opportunities to play with peers. b. The child needs to understand that peers’ activities are too strenuous. c. Parents can meet all of the child’s needs. d. Constant parental supervision is needed to avoid overexertion. 24. Which should the nurse consider when preparing a school-age child and the family for heart surgery? a. Unfamiliar equipment should not be shown. b. Let the child hear the sounds of an ECG monitor. c. Avoid mentioning postoperative discomfort and interventions. d. Explain that an endotracheal tube will not be needed if the surgery goes well. 25. Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 101° F. Which action should the nurse take? a. Keep child warm with blankets. b. Apply a hypothermia blanket. c. Record temperature on nurses’ notes. d. Report findings to physician. 26. Which is an important nursing consideration when suctioning a young child who has had heart surgery? a. Perform suctioning at least every hour. b. Suction for no longer than 30 seconds at a time. c. Administer supplemental oxygen before and after suctioning. d. Expect symptoms of respiratory distress when suctioning. 27. The nurse is caring for a child after heart surgery. What should the nurse do if evidence of cardiac tamponade is found? a. Increase analgesia b. Apply warming blankets c. Immediately report this to physician d. Encourage child to cough, turn, and breathe deeply 28. Which is an important nursing consideration when chest tubes will be removed from a child? a. Explain that it is not painful. b. Explain that only a Band-Aid will be needed. c. Administer analgesics before the procedure. d. Expect bright red drainage for several hours after removal. 29. Which is the most common causative agent of bacterial endocarditis? a. Staphylococcus albus b. Streptococcus hemolyticus c. Staphylococcus albicans d. Streptococcus viridans 30. Which painful, tender, pea-sized nodules may appear on the pads of the fingers or toes in bacterial endocarditis? a. Osler nodes b. Janeway lesions c. Subcutaneous nodules d. Aschoff nodes CONTINUED.........................DOWNLOAD FOR BEST RVISION AND BEST SCORES