APEA Predictor Exam Study Guide – Practice Questions and Key Concepts 1 of 28 2026-03-23
APEA Predictor Exam
Study Guide – Practice
Questions and Key
Concepts
Guidehttps://www.stuvia.com/dashboard!@_)#*)(@$)($@*($@)($@*_Page 1
Page 1 of 28 APEA Predictor Exam Study Guide – Practice Questions and Key Concepts.pdf
,APEA Predictor Exam Study 2 of 28 2026-03-23
First-Pass Effect 1. CYP450 metabolizes the drug in the liver to release the drug to the body where it
1. What cytochrome metabolizes a medication drug during can be used.
the FIRST-PASS Effect? 2. Active
2. CYP450 enzyme is the most _____________. 3. True
3. It can either be induced or inhibited (T/F)
Pharmacokinetics 1. Increase in fat-to-water ratio, decrease in liver function, decrease in GFR
1. What are age-related changes?
(Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion)?
Pharmacology: Cardiac Glycosides 1. Second and Third
1. What order of line of treatment is Digoxin? 2. N/V, Hyperkalemia, Confusion, visual color changes
2. Signs of Digoxin Overdose 3. Digoxin level, CMP, EKG
3. Laboratory tests 4. Digoxin-specific antibodies
4. Treatment
Pharmacology: Warfarin (Coumadin) 1. X
1. Category ____ for pregnancy. 2. 2.0-3.0, 2.5-3.5
2. Target INR for patients without mitral prosthetic valves? 3. Cardiologist or anticoagulation clinic
With prosthetic valves? 4. Check every 2-4 weeks up to 12 weeks.
3. Referral to ________ for initiation and stabilization of 5. Continue warfarin dose, retest INR in 1-2 weeks.
warfarin dose. 6. Omit one dose, recheck INR.
4. How often do you check for consistently stable INR? 7. Take the dose as soon as possible. Do not double dose.
5. How often do you check for single out-of-range INR? 8. Vitamin K foods
6. What do you educate the patient to do if the INR less than
5 with no significant bleeding risk?
7. If one dose is missed, what do you do?
8. What kind of foods to avoid messing up the INR?
Page 2 of 28 Page 2 APEA Predictor Exam Study.pdf
, APEA Predictor Exam Study 3 of 28 2026-03-23
Pharmacology: Direct Oran Anticoagulants (DOAC) 1. Less monitoring and less side effects
1. Why are DOACs better than Warfarin? 2. Apixaban (Eliquis)
2. Example of DOACs? 3. 10 days
3. How long does it take for platelet function to return to
normal after a patient stops taking Plavix?
Pharmacology: Thiazide Diuretics 1. HCTZ, Chlorthalidone
1. Examples 2. Sulfa allergy
2. Contraindication 3. Hykpokalemia, increases uric acid and increases LDL
3. Adverse effects 4. Calcium, True
4. Patients with osteoporosis receive an extra benefit from
thiazide diuretics by reducing __________ excretion (T/F)
Pharmacology: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics 1. Triamterene, Amiloride
1. Examples 2. Hyperkalemia
2. Contraindication 3. Elevates K+ levels
3. Adverse effects 4. ACEIs and ARBs
4. Do not combine with which cardiac drugs to prevent
hyperkalemia?
Pharmacology: Loop Diuretics 1. Furosemide
1. Examples 2. Sulfa Allergy
2. Contraindication/Allergy 3. Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia
3. Adverse effects 4. Ototoxicity
4. Which toxicity with loop diuretics can occur?
Page 3 of 28 Page 3 APEA Predictor Exam Study.pdf
APEA Predictor Exam
Study Guide – Practice
Questions and Key
Concepts
Guidehttps://www.stuvia.com/dashboard!@_)#*)(@$)($@*($@)($@*_Page 1
Page 1 of 28 APEA Predictor Exam Study Guide – Practice Questions and Key Concepts.pdf
,APEA Predictor Exam Study 2 of 28 2026-03-23
First-Pass Effect 1. CYP450 metabolizes the drug in the liver to release the drug to the body where it
1. What cytochrome metabolizes a medication drug during can be used.
the FIRST-PASS Effect? 2. Active
2. CYP450 enzyme is the most _____________. 3. True
3. It can either be induced or inhibited (T/F)
Pharmacokinetics 1. Increase in fat-to-water ratio, decrease in liver function, decrease in GFR
1. What are age-related changes?
(Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion)?
Pharmacology: Cardiac Glycosides 1. Second and Third
1. What order of line of treatment is Digoxin? 2. N/V, Hyperkalemia, Confusion, visual color changes
2. Signs of Digoxin Overdose 3. Digoxin level, CMP, EKG
3. Laboratory tests 4. Digoxin-specific antibodies
4. Treatment
Pharmacology: Warfarin (Coumadin) 1. X
1. Category ____ for pregnancy. 2. 2.0-3.0, 2.5-3.5
2. Target INR for patients without mitral prosthetic valves? 3. Cardiologist or anticoagulation clinic
With prosthetic valves? 4. Check every 2-4 weeks up to 12 weeks.
3. Referral to ________ for initiation and stabilization of 5. Continue warfarin dose, retest INR in 1-2 weeks.
warfarin dose. 6. Omit one dose, recheck INR.
4. How often do you check for consistently stable INR? 7. Take the dose as soon as possible. Do not double dose.
5. How often do you check for single out-of-range INR? 8. Vitamin K foods
6. What do you educate the patient to do if the INR less than
5 with no significant bleeding risk?
7. If one dose is missed, what do you do?
8. What kind of foods to avoid messing up the INR?
Page 2 of 28 Page 2 APEA Predictor Exam Study.pdf
, APEA Predictor Exam Study 3 of 28 2026-03-23
Pharmacology: Direct Oran Anticoagulants (DOAC) 1. Less monitoring and less side effects
1. Why are DOACs better than Warfarin? 2. Apixaban (Eliquis)
2. Example of DOACs? 3. 10 days
3. How long does it take for platelet function to return to
normal after a patient stops taking Plavix?
Pharmacology: Thiazide Diuretics 1. HCTZ, Chlorthalidone
1. Examples 2. Sulfa allergy
2. Contraindication 3. Hykpokalemia, increases uric acid and increases LDL
3. Adverse effects 4. Calcium, True
4. Patients with osteoporosis receive an extra benefit from
thiazide diuretics by reducing __________ excretion (T/F)
Pharmacology: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics 1. Triamterene, Amiloride
1. Examples 2. Hyperkalemia
2. Contraindication 3. Elevates K+ levels
3. Adverse effects 4. ACEIs and ARBs
4. Do not combine with which cardiac drugs to prevent
hyperkalemia?
Pharmacology: Loop Diuretics 1. Furosemide
1. Examples 2. Sulfa Allergy
2. Contraindication/Allergy 3. Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia
3. Adverse effects 4. Ototoxicity
4. Which toxicity with loop diuretics can occur?
Page 3 of 28 Page 3 APEA Predictor Exam Study.pdf
