CRM 105 TEST 1 WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS | GRADED A+
GENERAL HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT - Answer- 1) the people put authority in the
hands of a government to act on their behalf (law enforcement)
2) societies set up agencies to arbitrate in these
matters (Courts)
3) after assessment of blame - a penalty or
punishment is administered (Corrections)
EARLY AMERICA - Answer- - no paid professionals = amateurs
+ no police force until 1845
+ few lawyers - less for "criminal law"
+ cases decided by lay magistrates
- this made justice "democratic"
+ communal in nature
* protecting the perceived rights of
the community
-crime and sin essentially the same
TRANSISTION TO TODAY'S CJS - Answer- - the development of today's CJS began
as our
shared values of common religious
traditions dissipated
- reasons
+ rapid population growth
+ geographical expansion
+ lessening role of religion
DUE PROCESS - Answer- - a legal protection included in the Constitution
14th+ 5th Amendment - guarantees all citizens the right to be adjudicated under the rule
of law
+ protects from arbitrary and unjust treatment
by the government
**** FAIRNESS AND ACCURACY
accuracy - Answer- confidence in the system
+ correct charge, arrest, evidence, etc.
fairness - Answer- balance between government
, interest in apprehension and publics
interest in avoiding undue government
interference in our lives
Two types of CJ systems - Answer- Crime Control Model, Due Process Model
Crime Control Model - Answer- repression of
criminal activity is most important.
+ to do this, system must achieve maximum
speed, efficiency, and finality in CJ
proceeding
+ deterrence comes when penalty is imposed
quickly and with certainty
Due Process Model - Answer- - treats preservation of individuals liberties as most
important function of CJS
+ to do this accuracy, fairness, and
reliability in criminal procedure
are keys to a properly functioning
system
+ careful attention to the rights of
individuals is essential to ensure
only the guilty are convicted
Norms - Answer- social expectations about what constitutes
appropriate behavior
Deviance - Answer- violations of social norms
US Criminal Law - Answer- has its origins w/ Romans and the
Greeks via English Common Law (ECL)
why are we so afraid of crime * - Answer- - we have some control over bad health and
accidents
- contrast is that crime is imposed or thrust
against us (victim culpability)
+usually sudden and physical (violent)
+perception is a relative/significant
increase in recent years
Victimization * - Answer- infliction of criminal behavior on
a person, household, business
Emile Durkheim * - Answer- French sociologist; observed
that crime is present, not only in societies of one
particular species (race or culture). It would be abnormal to have no crime.
SOLUTIONS | GRADED A+
GENERAL HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT - Answer- 1) the people put authority in the
hands of a government to act on their behalf (law enforcement)
2) societies set up agencies to arbitrate in these
matters (Courts)
3) after assessment of blame - a penalty or
punishment is administered (Corrections)
EARLY AMERICA - Answer- - no paid professionals = amateurs
+ no police force until 1845
+ few lawyers - less for "criminal law"
+ cases decided by lay magistrates
- this made justice "democratic"
+ communal in nature
* protecting the perceived rights of
the community
-crime and sin essentially the same
TRANSISTION TO TODAY'S CJS - Answer- - the development of today's CJS began
as our
shared values of common religious
traditions dissipated
- reasons
+ rapid population growth
+ geographical expansion
+ lessening role of religion
DUE PROCESS - Answer- - a legal protection included in the Constitution
14th+ 5th Amendment - guarantees all citizens the right to be adjudicated under the rule
of law
+ protects from arbitrary and unjust treatment
by the government
**** FAIRNESS AND ACCURACY
accuracy - Answer- confidence in the system
+ correct charge, arrest, evidence, etc.
fairness - Answer- balance between government
, interest in apprehension and publics
interest in avoiding undue government
interference in our lives
Two types of CJ systems - Answer- Crime Control Model, Due Process Model
Crime Control Model - Answer- repression of
criminal activity is most important.
+ to do this, system must achieve maximum
speed, efficiency, and finality in CJ
proceeding
+ deterrence comes when penalty is imposed
quickly and with certainty
Due Process Model - Answer- - treats preservation of individuals liberties as most
important function of CJS
+ to do this accuracy, fairness, and
reliability in criminal procedure
are keys to a properly functioning
system
+ careful attention to the rights of
individuals is essential to ensure
only the guilty are convicted
Norms - Answer- social expectations about what constitutes
appropriate behavior
Deviance - Answer- violations of social norms
US Criminal Law - Answer- has its origins w/ Romans and the
Greeks via English Common Law (ECL)
why are we so afraid of crime * - Answer- - we have some control over bad health and
accidents
- contrast is that crime is imposed or thrust
against us (victim culpability)
+usually sudden and physical (violent)
+perception is a relative/significant
increase in recent years
Victimization * - Answer- infliction of criminal behavior on
a person, household, business
Emile Durkheim * - Answer- French sociologist; observed
that crime is present, not only in societies of one
particular species (race or culture). It would be abnormal to have no crime.
