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Community Health Exam
At a county board meeting, a nurse reports statistics related to the increasing
problem of substance abuse in the county. The nurse
then requests funding for an after-school recreation program that promotes
age-appropriate fun activities and sports. Which of the
following objectives is the nurse attempting to meet through this action?
a. Help prevent obesity and boredom.
b. Offer alternatives to being "on the streets."
c. Prevent children from getting in trouble before their parents get home from
work.
d. Promote healthy lifestyles with physical activity
ANS: D
The nurse is engaging in primary prevention efforts against substance abuse by
helping to promote healthy lifestyles and resiliency
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factors. The purpose of the nurse requesting this funding is to address the problem
of substance abuse, not obesity. This program
may offer an alternative to children and keep them safe and off the streets; however,
the primary objective is to address the overall
healthy lifestyle of these youth
A school health nurse is conducting drug screening to detect drug use by
students before serious problems develop. Which of the
following levels of prevention does this action represent?
a. Primary prevention
b. Secondary prevention
c. Tertiary prevention
d. Primary and secondary prevention
ANS: B
One means of secondary prevention is to institute early detection (screening)
programs in schools, workplace, and other areas in
which people gather to determine the presence of substance abuse. Primary
prevention involves education before a problem occurs.
Tertiary prevention occurs after the problem has occurred and aims to assist the
client to the highest level of functioning. It is not
likely for a single intervention to be both primary and secondary in prevention foci
A mother is concerned that her daughter may be considering experimentation
with drugs and alcohol. Which of the following
strategies would the nurse suggest the mother implement? (Select all that
apply.)
a. Provide opportunities for her daughter to develop her talents.
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b. Provide realistic feedback to the daughter about her performance at school.
c. Encourage her daughter to become involved in extracurricular activities.
d. Encourage her daughter to develop new friendships.
e. Encourage her to discuss her dreams for the future.
ANS: A, B, C, E
Prevention guidelines to teach parents and teachers how to increase resiliency in
youths include the following strategies: help them
develop an increased sense of responsibility for their own success; help them
identify their talents; motivate them to dedicate their
lives to helping society rather than believing that their only purpose in life is to be
consumers; provide realistic appraisals and
feedback, stress multicultural competence, and encourage and value education and
skills training; and increase cooperative
solutions to problems rather than competitive or aggressive solutions. Based on the
information provided, there is no reason to
suggest the child needs to develop new friendships. Keeping consistent friendships
may provide the support the child needs to
avoid engaging in these behaviors.
A nurse is helping a client's family prepare to have an intervention that
hopefully will encourage the alcoholic father to realize the
need for change. Which of the following instructions by the nurse to the
client's family members would be most effective? (Select
all that apply.)
a. "Express your belief in him and his ability to change."
b. "Point out that his behavior is his choice and his responsibility."
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c. "Let him know that you understand how much he loves being with his
drinking
pals."
d. "Remind him that entering treatment is better than going to prison."
e. "Let him know that he is loved by his family and friends."
ANS: A, B, E
Using FRAMES as a guideline, the nurse would provide Feedback about problems
with using drugs, emphasize the person's own
personal Responsibility for any changes made, and give Advice on how to change
behaviors, including a Menu of options from
which to choose while expressing Empathy. Finally, the nurse would provide
encouragement and belief that the person can change,
hence increasing feelings of self-efficacy. Having the client's family members tell the
father that they understand his behavior does
not encourage him to realize the need for change. Threatening a future possibility of
prison would not provide encouragement to
the father and may even challenge him to continue his behavior
A nurse is developing a community-based activity aimed at preventing
substance abuse in the community. Which of the following
interventions would the nurse most likely implement? (Select all that apply.)
a. Supporting an increase in the availability of recreational facilities
b. Lobbying to state legislators to approve a higher cigarette tax
c. Educating all middle school students about the long-term side effects of
drugs and
alcohol