EXPH 386 EXAM 1 WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
One calorie is defines as the amount of heat requires to raise ______ kg of
water by ______ degrees celcius - Ans--1
1
The sun transfers its energy to a car and subsequently warms it. The term
that describes this process is - Ans--heat
this term describes how hot or cold an object is - Ans--temperature
The energy yield from food is in part determined by the efficiency of
digestion - Ans--coefficient of digestibility
Why do lipids contain more energy that carbs or proteins? - Ans--lipids are
more energy dense because they have more hydrogen atoms that can be
oxidized
energy relates to the ability to do _____ - Ans--work
the first law of thermodynamics is the.. - Ans--conservation of energy
An object is dropped from the top of the building. Once the object is released
and is halfway from the ground, the object has ... - Ans--kinetic energy
only???
when a lipid molecule is broken down, energy is subsequently released.
This is an example of an - Ans--exergonic reaction
T OR F
the second law of thermodynamics states that the transfer of potential
energy in any spontaneous process always proceeds in a direction that
increases the capacity to perform work. - Ans--false
,Two examples of energy conversion: - Ans---photosynthesis (captures
energy that we utilize as food and oxygen)
- cellular respiration (energy released becomes conserved in compounds
used for biological processes)
T OR F
enzymes are consumed during a reaction - Ans--false
How do enzymes increase the rate of the forward and reverse reactions? -
Ans--they accelerate the forward and reverse rates of chemical reactions
within the body WITHOUT being consumed or changed in the reaction
(therefore enzymes have a slow turnover rate and can be reused)
Reaction rates depend on what three factors? - Ans---PH
-temp
- availability of substrates
Pyruvate gains two hydrogens and thus forms lactate. This reaction is
known as _______ reaction.
With this example, pyruvate is being ______ - Ans---reduction
-oxidized
What are the three types of biological work in humans? Examples? - Ans--
1.mechanical- muscle action
2. chemical- synthesizes cellular molecules such as glycogen, protein
3. transport- concentration substrates such as Na+ and K+ ions in intra and
extracellular fluids
What is the purpose of a buffer? - Ans--a chemical or physiological
mechanism that prevents changes in the H+ concentration and therefore
PH
Involves any process in which the atoms in an element gain electrons, with a
corresponding decrease in valence - Ans--reduction reaction
refers to the substance being reduced - Ans--oxidizing agent
any substance that ionizes in solution to give off H+ - Ans--acid
, oxidation and reduction reactions that take place together - Ans--redox
reaction
the term that refers to gain of electrons - Ans--reduction
refers to the substance being oxidized - Ans--reducing agent
reactions that transfer oxygen, hydrogen atoms or electrons. (a loss of
electrons, with a corresponding gain in valency) - Ans--oxidation reaction
Any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in a water solution. - Ans--
Base
the term that refers to the loss of electrons - Ans--oxidation
What is the mechanism involved in hydrolysis and what is an example of
hydrolysis? - Ans--the H+ and OH- from water are used to split chemical
bonds; digestion
T OR F
the farther a reaction is from equilibrium, the more energy it can release -
Ans--true
T OR F
enzymes attempt to drive the reaction they catalyze toward equilibrium -
Ans--true
What part of an ATP molecule contains stored energy> - Ans--Adenosine
Triphosphate
A person ingests some food which is subsequently broken down to water
and carbon dioxide. What is this process called? What type of reaction is
this? What molecule does this result in? - Ans--catabolism, exergonic, ADP
+ PI
T OR F
ATP breakdown is an an aerobic process - Ans--false
ANSWERS
One calorie is defines as the amount of heat requires to raise ______ kg of
water by ______ degrees celcius - Ans--1
1
The sun transfers its energy to a car and subsequently warms it. The term
that describes this process is - Ans--heat
this term describes how hot or cold an object is - Ans--temperature
The energy yield from food is in part determined by the efficiency of
digestion - Ans--coefficient of digestibility
Why do lipids contain more energy that carbs or proteins? - Ans--lipids are
more energy dense because they have more hydrogen atoms that can be
oxidized
energy relates to the ability to do _____ - Ans--work
the first law of thermodynamics is the.. - Ans--conservation of energy
An object is dropped from the top of the building. Once the object is released
and is halfway from the ground, the object has ... - Ans--kinetic energy
only???
when a lipid molecule is broken down, energy is subsequently released.
This is an example of an - Ans--exergonic reaction
T OR F
the second law of thermodynamics states that the transfer of potential
energy in any spontaneous process always proceeds in a direction that
increases the capacity to perform work. - Ans--false
,Two examples of energy conversion: - Ans---photosynthesis (captures
energy that we utilize as food and oxygen)
- cellular respiration (energy released becomes conserved in compounds
used for biological processes)
T OR F
enzymes are consumed during a reaction - Ans--false
How do enzymes increase the rate of the forward and reverse reactions? -
Ans--they accelerate the forward and reverse rates of chemical reactions
within the body WITHOUT being consumed or changed in the reaction
(therefore enzymes have a slow turnover rate and can be reused)
Reaction rates depend on what three factors? - Ans---PH
-temp
- availability of substrates
Pyruvate gains two hydrogens and thus forms lactate. This reaction is
known as _______ reaction.
With this example, pyruvate is being ______ - Ans---reduction
-oxidized
What are the three types of biological work in humans? Examples? - Ans--
1.mechanical- muscle action
2. chemical- synthesizes cellular molecules such as glycogen, protein
3. transport- concentration substrates such as Na+ and K+ ions in intra and
extracellular fluids
What is the purpose of a buffer? - Ans--a chemical or physiological
mechanism that prevents changes in the H+ concentration and therefore
PH
Involves any process in which the atoms in an element gain electrons, with a
corresponding decrease in valence - Ans--reduction reaction
refers to the substance being reduced - Ans--oxidizing agent
any substance that ionizes in solution to give off H+ - Ans--acid
, oxidation and reduction reactions that take place together - Ans--redox
reaction
the term that refers to gain of electrons - Ans--reduction
refers to the substance being oxidized - Ans--reducing agent
reactions that transfer oxygen, hydrogen atoms or electrons. (a loss of
electrons, with a corresponding gain in valency) - Ans--oxidation reaction
Any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in a water solution. - Ans--
Base
the term that refers to the loss of electrons - Ans--oxidation
What is the mechanism involved in hydrolysis and what is an example of
hydrolysis? - Ans--the H+ and OH- from water are used to split chemical
bonds; digestion
T OR F
the farther a reaction is from equilibrium, the more energy it can release -
Ans--true
T OR F
enzymes attempt to drive the reaction they catalyze toward equilibrium -
Ans--true
What part of an ATP molecule contains stored energy> - Ans--Adenosine
Triphosphate
A person ingests some food which is subsequently broken down to water
and carbon dioxide. What is this process called? What type of reaction is
this? What molecule does this result in? - Ans--catabolism, exergonic, ADP
+ PI
T OR F
ATP breakdown is an an aerobic process - Ans--false
