NURS 372 MIDTERM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
What are the 3 concepts related to family - Answers -Structure
Function
Process
Define the concept of "structure" in terms of the family - Answers -Individuals that
comprise the family; interactions with other social systems.
Define the concept of "function" in terms of the family - Answers -Large purposes or
roles of families; the way families
serve or benefit each other
Define the concept of "process" in terms of the family - Answers -Family coping skills,
roles, communication, decision making, rituals and routines
What 3 Factors Influence the Definitions of Indigenous Families - Answers -Complex
household membership
Multiple caregivers
Different kinship systems
Define Family Assessment - Answers -A collection of data about the family's type and
structure, current level of functioning, support system, socio-cultural background,
environment, and needs.
Name 2 Data Collection Tools during a family assessment - Answers -1. genogram
2. ecomap
Genograms must include, at least ____ generations - Answers -3
When would you circle individuals in a genogram - Answers -If those individuals live in
the same household
How are children arranged/ organized in a genogram - Answers -oldest to youngest
ex. aimee then ashley
What is the purpose of a genogram - Answers -It highlights diseases and conditions in
which the family might be at risk for
it maps out all family members in an organized "tree-like" manner
What is the purpose of an ecomap - Answers -Looks at connections between families
and external agencies, relations, etc.
,"Who is the family connected to?":
-Neighbours
-Other family members
-Church
What does a solid/ thick line represent on an ecomap - Answers -An important, strong/
positive connection
What does a broken line represent on an ecomap (ie. - - - - ) - Answers -a weak
connection/ relationship
what does a line with crosses through it, represent on an ecomap - Answers -a
stressful/ broken relationship
Explain the concept of the family systems theory - Answers -All parts of the system
(family) are interconnected.
What happens to one member affects other family members.
The "whole" is more than the sum of the "parts."
All systems (families) have boundaries or borders between family and the environment.
Families can be further organized into subsystems.
"Recognize how an event impacts various family members."
"Interventions must address all individuals, subsystems and the whole family at the
same time." - Answers -What family theory do these statements belong to
Strengths and weaknesses of the family systems theory - Answers -Strengths:
Focus is on the family as a whole, its subsystems, or both. It is generally understood
and accepted theory in society.
Weaknesses:
The theory is broad and general.
What is the goal of the family systems theory - Answers -The goal is to maintain
stability and achieve a high level of functioning by building on family strengths.
Explain the concept of the Developmental and family life cycle theory - Answers -
Families develop and change over time
Families go through a transitional period when progressing from one stage to another.
How to apply the Developmental and family life cycle theory - Answers -Assess what
stage of the family life cycle the family is currently at:
,-Identify the stressors at this stage.
-Identify if these events "normative" or "non-normative".
-Interventions help the family understand individual and family developmental tasks.
Help family understand normalcy of disequilibrium during transitional periods.
Capitalize on family rituals.
Strengths and weaknesses of the Developmental and family life cycle theory - Answers
-Strengths:
The focus is on the family as a whole. The theory provides a framework for predicting
what a family will experience at any given stage.
Weaknesses:
The traditional linear family life cycle is no longer the norm. Modern families vary widely
in their structure (divorce, remarriage, gay parents).
Explain the concept of the biological systems theory - Answers -Combines children's
biological disposition and environmental forces that interact to influence the
development of human beings (genetics + environment)
What will the nurse assess in the biological systems theory - Answers -Assess: social
structures (environmental systems) this family interacts with.
-Assessment includes looking at all levels of the system: micro, meso, macro and
chronosystems.
Strengths and weaknesses of the biological systems theory - Answers -Strengths:
The focus is on a holistic approach to human/family development.
Weaknesses:
This holistic approach is not specific enough to define contextual changes over time.
Define preconception health - Answers -Preconception care is the promotion of the
health and well-being of a woman and her partner before pregnancy
Preconception health refers to the positive health practices that youths/adults of
reproductive age can make to improve their health before pregnancy
Why is preconception health important? - Answers -The health of parents, their lifestyle
choices, and the environment in which they live before and during pregnancy have
lifelong implications for their children's health, learning, and behaviour.
Health prior to conception has been proven to be vital. Prenatal care is not sufficient.
The period of greatest sensitivity of the developing fetus to maternal conditions and
environmental exposures is between __ and __ days - Answers -17 and 56 days
, What are the 4 Components of Preconception Health - Answers -1. safe guarding
fertility
2. preparing for pregnancy
3. modifying risk factors
4. optimizing the early fetal environment
What is the goal of preconception care - Answers -To identify health problems, lifestyle
habits or social concerns that might unfavorably affect pregnancy
To promote the health of the woman, baby and family and to identify and modify risk
factors that are known to influence pregnancy outcomes
Why is folic acid recommended during preconception care - Answers -Taking FA before
you get pregnant substantially reduces the risk of occurrence of neural tube defects
(NTDs)
What birth defects are associated with mortality in the immediate perinatal period (the
period immediately before and after birth) - Answers -neural tube defects (NTDs)
Name Dietary sources of folic acid: - Answers -Leafy greens
Citrus fruits
Enriched breads and cereals
Beans
If a mother has NO known NTDs/ no risk factors prior to pregnancy, how much folic acid
is recommended daily - Answers -0.4 mg/day folic acid 3 months prior to pregnancy
and continuing throughout pregnancy is recommended
If a mother is at risk for NTDs OR had a prior pregnancy affected with folate sensitive
anomalies: what is the recommended daily dose - Answers -4 mg/day folic acid 3
months prior to pregnancy and through the first trimester,
Then 0.4 mg/day folic acid for the remainder of pregnancy.
List Individual Factors Affecting Preconception Health: - Answers -Folic acid
consumption
Alcohol use
Obesity
Smoking
Underlying infections (HIV, hepatitis, STDs, etc.)
Avoid conception for ______ weeks after receiving vaccines. - Answers -4 weeks
______ _____ ___ is a risk factor for Down syndrome - Answers -Advanced maternal
age
What are the 3 concepts related to family - Answers -Structure
Function
Process
Define the concept of "structure" in terms of the family - Answers -Individuals that
comprise the family; interactions with other social systems.
Define the concept of "function" in terms of the family - Answers -Large purposes or
roles of families; the way families
serve or benefit each other
Define the concept of "process" in terms of the family - Answers -Family coping skills,
roles, communication, decision making, rituals and routines
What 3 Factors Influence the Definitions of Indigenous Families - Answers -Complex
household membership
Multiple caregivers
Different kinship systems
Define Family Assessment - Answers -A collection of data about the family's type and
structure, current level of functioning, support system, socio-cultural background,
environment, and needs.
Name 2 Data Collection Tools during a family assessment - Answers -1. genogram
2. ecomap
Genograms must include, at least ____ generations - Answers -3
When would you circle individuals in a genogram - Answers -If those individuals live in
the same household
How are children arranged/ organized in a genogram - Answers -oldest to youngest
ex. aimee then ashley
What is the purpose of a genogram - Answers -It highlights diseases and conditions in
which the family might be at risk for
it maps out all family members in an organized "tree-like" manner
What is the purpose of an ecomap - Answers -Looks at connections between families
and external agencies, relations, etc.
,"Who is the family connected to?":
-Neighbours
-Other family members
-Church
What does a solid/ thick line represent on an ecomap - Answers -An important, strong/
positive connection
What does a broken line represent on an ecomap (ie. - - - - ) - Answers -a weak
connection/ relationship
what does a line with crosses through it, represent on an ecomap - Answers -a
stressful/ broken relationship
Explain the concept of the family systems theory - Answers -All parts of the system
(family) are interconnected.
What happens to one member affects other family members.
The "whole" is more than the sum of the "parts."
All systems (families) have boundaries or borders between family and the environment.
Families can be further organized into subsystems.
"Recognize how an event impacts various family members."
"Interventions must address all individuals, subsystems and the whole family at the
same time." - Answers -What family theory do these statements belong to
Strengths and weaknesses of the family systems theory - Answers -Strengths:
Focus is on the family as a whole, its subsystems, or both. It is generally understood
and accepted theory in society.
Weaknesses:
The theory is broad and general.
What is the goal of the family systems theory - Answers -The goal is to maintain
stability and achieve a high level of functioning by building on family strengths.
Explain the concept of the Developmental and family life cycle theory - Answers -
Families develop and change over time
Families go through a transitional period when progressing from one stage to another.
How to apply the Developmental and family life cycle theory - Answers -Assess what
stage of the family life cycle the family is currently at:
,-Identify the stressors at this stage.
-Identify if these events "normative" or "non-normative".
-Interventions help the family understand individual and family developmental tasks.
Help family understand normalcy of disequilibrium during transitional periods.
Capitalize on family rituals.
Strengths and weaknesses of the Developmental and family life cycle theory - Answers
-Strengths:
The focus is on the family as a whole. The theory provides a framework for predicting
what a family will experience at any given stage.
Weaknesses:
The traditional linear family life cycle is no longer the norm. Modern families vary widely
in their structure (divorce, remarriage, gay parents).
Explain the concept of the biological systems theory - Answers -Combines children's
biological disposition and environmental forces that interact to influence the
development of human beings (genetics + environment)
What will the nurse assess in the biological systems theory - Answers -Assess: social
structures (environmental systems) this family interacts with.
-Assessment includes looking at all levels of the system: micro, meso, macro and
chronosystems.
Strengths and weaknesses of the biological systems theory - Answers -Strengths:
The focus is on a holistic approach to human/family development.
Weaknesses:
This holistic approach is not specific enough to define contextual changes over time.
Define preconception health - Answers -Preconception care is the promotion of the
health and well-being of a woman and her partner before pregnancy
Preconception health refers to the positive health practices that youths/adults of
reproductive age can make to improve their health before pregnancy
Why is preconception health important? - Answers -The health of parents, their lifestyle
choices, and the environment in which they live before and during pregnancy have
lifelong implications for their children's health, learning, and behaviour.
Health prior to conception has been proven to be vital. Prenatal care is not sufficient.
The period of greatest sensitivity of the developing fetus to maternal conditions and
environmental exposures is between __ and __ days - Answers -17 and 56 days
, What are the 4 Components of Preconception Health - Answers -1. safe guarding
fertility
2. preparing for pregnancy
3. modifying risk factors
4. optimizing the early fetal environment
What is the goal of preconception care - Answers -To identify health problems, lifestyle
habits or social concerns that might unfavorably affect pregnancy
To promote the health of the woman, baby and family and to identify and modify risk
factors that are known to influence pregnancy outcomes
Why is folic acid recommended during preconception care - Answers -Taking FA before
you get pregnant substantially reduces the risk of occurrence of neural tube defects
(NTDs)
What birth defects are associated with mortality in the immediate perinatal period (the
period immediately before and after birth) - Answers -neural tube defects (NTDs)
Name Dietary sources of folic acid: - Answers -Leafy greens
Citrus fruits
Enriched breads and cereals
Beans
If a mother has NO known NTDs/ no risk factors prior to pregnancy, how much folic acid
is recommended daily - Answers -0.4 mg/day folic acid 3 months prior to pregnancy
and continuing throughout pregnancy is recommended
If a mother is at risk for NTDs OR had a prior pregnancy affected with folate sensitive
anomalies: what is the recommended daily dose - Answers -4 mg/day folic acid 3
months prior to pregnancy and through the first trimester,
Then 0.4 mg/day folic acid for the remainder of pregnancy.
List Individual Factors Affecting Preconception Health: - Answers -Folic acid
consumption
Alcohol use
Obesity
Smoking
Underlying infections (HIV, hepatitis, STDs, etc.)
Avoid conception for ______ weeks after receiving vaccines. - Answers -4 weeks
______ _____ ___ is a risk factor for Down syndrome - Answers -Advanced maternal
age
