Early Iron Age → rise of aristocracy (Villanovan culture)
Hut Urn, Villanovan, ca. 900-800 BCE
- Wooden walls, thatch roofs
- Burial urn in the form of a house → tells us that there
is something beyond death, the tomb is a home you
continue to live in after death
- Also can be made of bronze
Villanovan Biconical Urn → typical Villanovan urn (one handle)
- Made using impasto technique
- Helmets were placed on top of warriors' urns
- Metal is used on the surface to create a shimmery effect
- Always only had one handle
The Etruscans → descendants of the Villanovans
- Their alphabet is derived from the Greek alphabet
- Little texts survive, the Romans forced them to speak Latin
- They made books out of linen fabric, with only one surviving
- Fanum Voltumnae → the site where representatives of twelve Etruscan
cities would come together and meet
- They sit on top of a surplus of raw metal ores, which is why the Greeks began
to settle nearby
Cerveteri: Etruscan Tomb, 650 BCE
- Long corridor with two oval-shaped spaces, buried under a mass of earth
- At the far end of the long corridor, a woman was buried with a giant gold
brooch lying on her chest that showed images of lions
, - In one of the side chambers, there was a man who was cremated and buried
with numerous weapons, signifying he may have been a warrior
Orientalizing Period → 7th century, blending of cultures
Cerveteri
- Most tumuli have a staircase or ramp on the side, with earth on top
- The idea that a tomb is a place where you “live on”
- Grave beds inside the tomb
- Cippi → a stone piece placed outside or on top of the tomb to mark the
entrance
Cerveteri: Tomb of the Reliefs, Etruscan, 350-325 BCE
- Made differently than most tombs; completely
underground
- Artificial beds on which the deceased are
placed
- Further burial places are added later
- Reliefs created by adding thick layers of
plaster to the stone and then carving, creating
figures
- The inside of the tomb was created to resemble a house
Tarquinia
- Lumps in a flat field
- Only one or two people were buried at a time, then dirt was dumped into the
passageway of the tomb
Hut Urn, Villanovan, ca. 900-800 BCE
- Wooden walls, thatch roofs
- Burial urn in the form of a house → tells us that there
is something beyond death, the tomb is a home you
continue to live in after death
- Also can be made of bronze
Villanovan Biconical Urn → typical Villanovan urn (one handle)
- Made using impasto technique
- Helmets were placed on top of warriors' urns
- Metal is used on the surface to create a shimmery effect
- Always only had one handle
The Etruscans → descendants of the Villanovans
- Their alphabet is derived from the Greek alphabet
- Little texts survive, the Romans forced them to speak Latin
- They made books out of linen fabric, with only one surviving
- Fanum Voltumnae → the site where representatives of twelve Etruscan
cities would come together and meet
- They sit on top of a surplus of raw metal ores, which is why the Greeks began
to settle nearby
Cerveteri: Etruscan Tomb, 650 BCE
- Long corridor with two oval-shaped spaces, buried under a mass of earth
- At the far end of the long corridor, a woman was buried with a giant gold
brooch lying on her chest that showed images of lions
, - In one of the side chambers, there was a man who was cremated and buried
with numerous weapons, signifying he may have been a warrior
Orientalizing Period → 7th century, blending of cultures
Cerveteri
- Most tumuli have a staircase or ramp on the side, with earth on top
- The idea that a tomb is a place where you “live on”
- Grave beds inside the tomb
- Cippi → a stone piece placed outside or on top of the tomb to mark the
entrance
Cerveteri: Tomb of the Reliefs, Etruscan, 350-325 BCE
- Made differently than most tombs; completely
underground
- Artificial beds on which the deceased are
placed
- Further burial places are added later
- Reliefs created by adding thick layers of
plaster to the stone and then carving, creating
figures
- The inside of the tomb was created to resemble a house
Tarquinia
- Lumps in a flat field
- Only one or two people were buried at a time, then dirt was dumped into the
passageway of the tomb
