Pathology Exam 1 With Correct Questions
And Answers 2024
stressors .to .cells? .(7) .- .correct .answer.1. .ischemia
2. .infectious .disease
3. .immune .rxns
4. .genetic .factors
5. .nutritional .factors
6. .physical .factors
7. .chemical .factors
reversing .cell .injury .depends .on? .(6) .- .correct .answer.1. .type, .severity .and .duration .of
.injury
2. .adaptive .processes .of .the .cell
3. .type .of .cell
4. .level .of .differentiation
5. .modifying .factors
6. .nutritional .state
ischemia? .- .correct .answer.lack .of .blood .flow
these .are .responsible .for .the .vast .majority .of .infections? .(2) .- .correct .answer.1. .bacteria
2. .viruses
mechanisms .of .infectious .diseases .depends .on .ability .to? .(3) .- .correct .answer.1. .invade
.and .destroy .cells
2. .produce .toxins .that .cause .cell .lysis
3. .produce .hypersensitivity .rxns
bacteria .releases .these ._____ .that .cause .cell .lysis? .- .correct .answer.1. .endotoxins
when .microorganisms .or .their .toxins .are .present .in .blood? .- .correct .answer.sepsis
Viruses .kill .cells .by .these .two .mechanisms? .- .correct .answer.1. .direct .cytopathic .effect
.(RNA .viruses)
1. .indirect .cytopathic .effect .(DNA .viruses)
viruses .use .this .mechanism .to:
, disturb .the .cellular .processes .of .the .nucleus .and/or .plasma .membrane. .Virally .encoded
.proteins .become .inserted .in .the .membrane, .altering .permeability. .- .correct .answer.Direct
.cytopathic .effect .(RNA .viruses)
viruses .use .this .mechanism .to .integrate .themselves .into .cellular .genome .producing
.foreign .proteins? .- .correct .answer.indirect .cytopathic .effect .(DNA .viruses)
mechanisms .by .which .the .immune .system .can .lead .to .cell .injury .or .death? .(3) .- .correct
.answer.1. .antibody .attachment
2. .complement .activation
3. .activation .of .imflammatory .cells
normally .the .immune .system .fights .against .disease, .but .can .sometimes .become
.overzealous .and .can .lead .to? .- .correct .answer.hypersensitivity .reactions
allergens .have .a .high .level .of .this? .- .correct .answer.antibody .(IgE)
genetic .factors .can .lead .to .cell .injury/death .by .these .3 .means? .- .correct .answer.1.
.alterations .of .structure .and .number .of .chromosomes
2. .single .mutations .of .genes .causing .changes .in .the .amount .function .of .proteins
3. .multiple .gene .mutations .that .can .interact .with .environmental .factors
how .do .nutritional .imbalances .result .in .cell .stresses?
give .example? .- .correct .answer.deficiencies .and .excesses .can .cause .pathology
.particularly .during .growth .and .development.
ex: .decrease .in .folic .acid .during .pregnancy .can .result .in .spina .bifida.
types .of .physical .factors .that .can .cause .stress .to .cells? .(5) .- .correct .answer.1. .blunt
.trauma
2. .hematoma
3. .lacerations
4. .abrasions
5. .fractures
reversible .cell .injury? .- .correct .answer.stress .is .small .in .magnitude .or .short .in .duration
.that .the .cell .is .able .to .recover.
decrease .or .shrinkage .in .cellular .size? .- .correct .answer.atrophy
increase .in .size .of .cells .and .consequently .in .the .size .of .the .affected .organ? .- .correct
.answer.hypertrophy
increase .in .the .number .of .cells .resulting .from .the .increase .rate .of .cellular .division? .-
.correct .answer.hyperplasia
And Answers 2024
stressors .to .cells? .(7) .- .correct .answer.1. .ischemia
2. .infectious .disease
3. .immune .rxns
4. .genetic .factors
5. .nutritional .factors
6. .physical .factors
7. .chemical .factors
reversing .cell .injury .depends .on? .(6) .- .correct .answer.1. .type, .severity .and .duration .of
.injury
2. .adaptive .processes .of .the .cell
3. .type .of .cell
4. .level .of .differentiation
5. .modifying .factors
6. .nutritional .state
ischemia? .- .correct .answer.lack .of .blood .flow
these .are .responsible .for .the .vast .majority .of .infections? .(2) .- .correct .answer.1. .bacteria
2. .viruses
mechanisms .of .infectious .diseases .depends .on .ability .to? .(3) .- .correct .answer.1. .invade
.and .destroy .cells
2. .produce .toxins .that .cause .cell .lysis
3. .produce .hypersensitivity .rxns
bacteria .releases .these ._____ .that .cause .cell .lysis? .- .correct .answer.1. .endotoxins
when .microorganisms .or .their .toxins .are .present .in .blood? .- .correct .answer.sepsis
Viruses .kill .cells .by .these .two .mechanisms? .- .correct .answer.1. .direct .cytopathic .effect
.(RNA .viruses)
1. .indirect .cytopathic .effect .(DNA .viruses)
viruses .use .this .mechanism .to:
, disturb .the .cellular .processes .of .the .nucleus .and/or .plasma .membrane. .Virally .encoded
.proteins .become .inserted .in .the .membrane, .altering .permeability. .- .correct .answer.Direct
.cytopathic .effect .(RNA .viruses)
viruses .use .this .mechanism .to .integrate .themselves .into .cellular .genome .producing
.foreign .proteins? .- .correct .answer.indirect .cytopathic .effect .(DNA .viruses)
mechanisms .by .which .the .immune .system .can .lead .to .cell .injury .or .death? .(3) .- .correct
.answer.1. .antibody .attachment
2. .complement .activation
3. .activation .of .imflammatory .cells
normally .the .immune .system .fights .against .disease, .but .can .sometimes .become
.overzealous .and .can .lead .to? .- .correct .answer.hypersensitivity .reactions
allergens .have .a .high .level .of .this? .- .correct .answer.antibody .(IgE)
genetic .factors .can .lead .to .cell .injury/death .by .these .3 .means? .- .correct .answer.1.
.alterations .of .structure .and .number .of .chromosomes
2. .single .mutations .of .genes .causing .changes .in .the .amount .function .of .proteins
3. .multiple .gene .mutations .that .can .interact .with .environmental .factors
how .do .nutritional .imbalances .result .in .cell .stresses?
give .example? .- .correct .answer.deficiencies .and .excesses .can .cause .pathology
.particularly .during .growth .and .development.
ex: .decrease .in .folic .acid .during .pregnancy .can .result .in .spina .bifida.
types .of .physical .factors .that .can .cause .stress .to .cells? .(5) .- .correct .answer.1. .blunt
.trauma
2. .hematoma
3. .lacerations
4. .abrasions
5. .fractures
reversible .cell .injury? .- .correct .answer.stress .is .small .in .magnitude .or .short .in .duration
.that .the .cell .is .able .to .recover.
decrease .or .shrinkage .in .cellular .size? .- .correct .answer.atrophy
increase .in .size .of .cells .and .consequently .in .the .size .of .the .affected .organ? .- .correct
.answer.hypertrophy
increase .in .the .number .of .cells .resulting .from .the .increase .rate .of .cellular .division? .-
.correct .answer.hyperplasia
