MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
The adhesive property of water, in which molecules of water are attracted to one
another, accounts for the movement of water to the tops of trees. Which type of
bonding is responsible for the attraction between the water molecules?
Hydrogen bonds between the water molecules.
Nucleotides are monomers found in which macromolecule?
DNA and RNA
Hydrolysis of a ____________ bond would result in the degradation of a protein.
Peptide
In Griffith's experiment which of the following did NOT happen?
Injecting mice with heat killed avirulent Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria killed
the mice.
,Which of the following statements about DNA is FALSE?
In a DNA molecule with 34% guanine, there would be 34% adenine.
The genes for __________ are transcribed but never translated.
Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA
Which post-transcriptional modification acts as the ribosome binding site in
eukaryotes?
The 5' CAP
Which statement about translation is FALSE?
In bacteria, a completely different genetic code is used to translate the mRNA.
Which of the following is the role of the translation initiation factors?
Translation initiation factors help recruit the ribosome to the mRNA and guide the
initiation complex to the AUG start codon.
,Which statement best defines a scientific theory?
A scientific theory is a concept heavily supported by scientific evidence and facts.
What experiment did Louis Pasteur perform to disprove the spontaneous
generation theory?
He used swan neck flasks filled with sterile broth to prove life did not
spontaneously occur.
Which of the Domains of Life DO NOT have a membrane bound nucleus?
Bacteria and Archaea
Which component(s) of an atom contribute(s) to the atomic number of an atom?
Protons
Carbon has an atomic number of 6, so it has ______ electrons in the outermost
shell.
4
Can a hydrogen bond form between the circled atoms in these two molecules?
, No
Which of the following statements is FALSE about translation elongation?
Elongating ribosome complexes can be found in the nucleus.
The transport of molecules through a protein embedded channel, from an area of
high concentration across the plasma membrane to an area of low concentration is
called ________.
Facilitated diffusion
Which of the following is a similarity shared between bacteria and mammalian
cells?
Both mammalian and bacteria cells have a genome composed of nucleic acids
Which of the following would be expected to increase the fluidity of a membrane?
A decrease in phospholipid fatty acid chain length and a decrease in chain
saturation
FINAL EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
The adhesive property of water, in which molecules of water are attracted to one
another, accounts for the movement of water to the tops of trees. Which type of
bonding is responsible for the attraction between the water molecules?
Hydrogen bonds between the water molecules.
Nucleotides are monomers found in which macromolecule?
DNA and RNA
Hydrolysis of a ____________ bond would result in the degradation of a protein.
Peptide
In Griffith's experiment which of the following did NOT happen?
Injecting mice with heat killed avirulent Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria killed
the mice.
,Which of the following statements about DNA is FALSE?
In a DNA molecule with 34% guanine, there would be 34% adenine.
The genes for __________ are transcribed but never translated.
Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA
Which post-transcriptional modification acts as the ribosome binding site in
eukaryotes?
The 5' CAP
Which statement about translation is FALSE?
In bacteria, a completely different genetic code is used to translate the mRNA.
Which of the following is the role of the translation initiation factors?
Translation initiation factors help recruit the ribosome to the mRNA and guide the
initiation complex to the AUG start codon.
,Which statement best defines a scientific theory?
A scientific theory is a concept heavily supported by scientific evidence and facts.
What experiment did Louis Pasteur perform to disprove the spontaneous
generation theory?
He used swan neck flasks filled with sterile broth to prove life did not
spontaneously occur.
Which of the Domains of Life DO NOT have a membrane bound nucleus?
Bacteria and Archaea
Which component(s) of an atom contribute(s) to the atomic number of an atom?
Protons
Carbon has an atomic number of 6, so it has ______ electrons in the outermost
shell.
4
Can a hydrogen bond form between the circled atoms in these two molecules?
, No
Which of the following statements is FALSE about translation elongation?
Elongating ribosome complexes can be found in the nucleus.
The transport of molecules through a protein embedded channel, from an area of
high concentration across the plasma membrane to an area of low concentration is
called ________.
Facilitated diffusion
Which of the following is a similarity shared between bacteria and mammalian
cells?
Both mammalian and bacteria cells have a genome composed of nucleic acids
Which of the following would be expected to increase the fluidity of a membrane?
A decrease in phospholipid fatty acid chain length and a decrease in chain
saturation
